List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of Chicago

Some of the Nobel laureates of the University of Chicago include Arthur Holly Compton (first from left), Werner Heisenberg (second from left), and Robert S. Mulliken (third from right). At the University of Chicago, Compton was a professor from 1923 to 1945, Heisenberg was a visitor in Spring 1929, and Mulliken (Ph.D. in 1921) was a professor from 1928 to 1986.

This list of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of Chicago comprehensively shows the faculty members and researchers as well as graduates and other students of the University of Chicago, who were awarded the Nobel Prize and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. The Nobel Prizes, established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, are awarded to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physics, and Physiology or Medicine.[1] An associated prize, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (commonly known as the Nobel Prize in Economics), was instituted by Sweden's central bank, Sveriges Riksbank, in 1968 and first awarded in 1969.[2]

As of October 2018, 98 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with the University of Chicago, and 91 of them are officially listed as "UChicago's Nobel Laureates" by the university.[3] The affiliations of UChicago in this list include all the official academic affiliations such as official academic employment and degree programs of the university. The official academic affiliations include alumni (graduates & attendees), long-term faculty members, and short-term academic staff. Graduates are defined as those who hold Bachelor's, Master's, Doctorate, or equivalent degrees from the university, while attendees are those who studied at the university (excluding the summer term) but did not complete the degree program or obtain a formal degree. The long-term faculty members consist of tenure/tenure-track and equivalent academic positions, while short-term academic staff consist of lecturers (without tenure), postdoctoral researchers (postdocs), visiting professors or scholars (visitors), and equivalent academic positions.

Many Nobel laureates have held lectureships such as the Albert Dorfman Memorial Lectureship at UChicago. For instance, Gerald Edelman, the Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine in 1972, was the Albert Dorfman Memorial lecturer at the university in 1984.[4] Those type of visiting lectureships or professorships are awards or honors or recognition instead of an actual affiliation with the university, and thus will not be counted in this list. Giving public lectures or attending meetings, talks or non-curricular seminars at the university doesn't form an affiliation; the lecturer has to assume employment-level duties (teaching/research) at the university to be counted. For instance, Thomas S. Eliot, the Nobel laureate in Literature in 1948, was a visiting lecturer at the Committee on Social Thought in 1950, and gave four public lectures on education;[5][6] he is excluded from the list. This list also exclude those who held non-academic positions (for instance, advisory committee, administrative staff, etc) at the university. However, the president of the university is included since they are also the educational head of the university. The honorary degree holders and auditors of the university are excluded. Summer visitors are also generally excluded from the list unless summer work yielded significant end products such as research publications and components of Nobel-winning work, since summer terms are not part of formal academic years; the same rule applies to extension school of the university. Many Nobel laureates have spent summer terms at UChicago or offered courses through the extension school of the university. Hermann Joseph Muller, the Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine in 1946, taught at the University of Chicago in Summer 1925[7] and acted as a civilian advisor (non-academic role) in the Manhattan project;[8] Max Born, the Nobel laureate in Physics in 1954, lectured on the theory of relativity at UChicago in Summer 1912;[9][10][11][12] and, Jane Addams, the Nobel Peace Prize laureate in 1931, offered college courses through the extension division of UChicago.[13] All of them are excluded from this list.

Argonne National Laboratory has been operated by the University of Chicago for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) since the laboratory was established in 1946.[14] The lab belongs to the DOE, and is directly operated by a limited liability company named UChicago Argonne LLC, which is a subsidiary of UChicago.[15] The affiliates of the lab since 1946 are included in this page. However, some Nobel laureates were only facility users at the lab, and didn't form official academic affiliations with the lab. In such cases, the laureates are excluded from the list. For instance, although Nobel laureates Alan J. Heeger, Brian K. Kobilka, Johann Deisenhofer and John A. Pople used the Argonne lab facilities such as the Advanced Photon Source (APS), they are not included because they did not form official academic affiliations with the lab.[16][17][18] Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) has been operated by Fermi Research Alliance LLC for the DOE Office of Science since 2007.[19] Fermi Research Alliance LLC is a joint venture of UChicago and the Universities Research Association (URA), an association of several research universities.[20] Since, Fermilab isn't solely operated by UChicago, the affiliates of the lab are excluded from this list. UChicago established an affiliation with the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) on July 1, 2013.[14] MBL scientists include Resident Scientists, who are the full-time researchers of MBL, and also MBL Fellows and Whitman Center Scientists, who are employees of other universities and research organizations, and come to the lab for specific research projects.[21] Resident Scientists of the lab since July 1, 2013 are included in this list.

The Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, established in 1932 by Alfred Cowles at Colorado Springs, Colorado, moved to Chicago in 1939, and had formed an affiliation with UChicago until 1955.[22] In this list, the affiliates of the Foundation by 1955 are included.[23]

University of Chicago Nobel laureates

Nobel laureates in Physics

Name Year Affiliation with the University of Chicago
Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov2003Distinguished Senior Scientist at the Argonne National Laboratory (since 1991)[24]
Luis Walter Alvarez1968B.S. (1932), M.S. (1934) and Ph.D. (1936)[25]
Hans Albrecht Bethe1967Worked on the Manhattan Project at the University of Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory (1942)[26]
Owen Chamberlain1959Ph.D. (1949)[27]
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar1983Assistant Professor to Professor (January 1937–1946), Distinguished Service Professor of Theoretical Astrophysics (1947–1952), Morton D. Hull Distinguished Service Professor of Theoretical Astrophysics (1952–1985), and Morton D. Hull Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus (1986–1995)[28][29]
Arthur Holly Compton1927Professor of Physics (1923–1929), and Swift Distinguished Service Professor (1929–1945)[30][31]
James Cronin1980M.S. (1953) and Ph.D. (1955)
Clinton Davisson1937B.S. (August 1908)[32]
Enrico Fermi1938Worked on the Manhattan Project at the University of Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory (1942) and Professor at the Institute for Nuclear Studies (1946–1954)[33]
James Franck1925Professor of Physical Chemistry (1938–1947), and Professor Emeritus of Physical Chemistry (1947–1964)[34]
Jerome Isaac Friedman1990Ph.D. (1956)[35]
Peter Grünberg2007Visiting Researcher at the Argonne National Laboratory (1984–1985)[36][37]
Murray Gell-Mann1969Instructor (1952–1953), and Assistant Professor (1953–1954)[38]
Maria Goeppert-Mayer1963Professor at the Department of Physics, and the Institute for Nuclear Studies (1946–1960)[39]
Werner Heisenberg1932Visiting lecturer (Spring 1929)[40]
Masatoshi Koshiba2002Research Associate (July 1955–February 1958), and Senior Research Associate with the honorary rank of Associate Professor and the Acting Director of the Laboratory of High Energy Physics and Cosmic Radiation at the Department of Physics (November 1959–August 1962)[41]
Ernest Lawrence1939Graduate attendee (1923–1924)[42]
Leon M. Lederman1988Frank L. Sulzberger Professor of Physics (1989–1992)[43]
Tsung-Dao Lee1957Ph.D. (1950)[44]
Albert Abraham Michelson1907Professor of Physics and the first Head of the Department of Physics in 1892; he was professor until the World War I, and he returned to the Department of Physics in 1918; the Distinguished Service Professor (1925–1929)[45]
Robert Millikan1923Assistant in Physics (1896–1897), Associate in Physics (1897–1899), Instructor in Physics (1899–1902), Assistant Professor of Physics (1902–1907), Associate Professor of Physics (1907–1910), and Professor of Physics (1910–1921)[46]
Yoichiro Nambu2008Research Associate (1954–1956), Associate Professor of Physics (1956–1958), Professor of Physics (1958–1971), Distinguished Service Professor (1971–1976), Chairman of the Department of Physics (1973–1976), Harry Judson Distinguished Service Professor (1976–1991), and Harry Judson Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus (1991–2015)[47]
Norman Foster Ramsey Jr.1989Visiting Professor (1988)[48][49]
John Robert Schrieffer1972Assistant Professor of Physics (1958–1959)[50]
Julian Schwinger1965Worked on the Manhattan Project at the University of Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory (1943)[51]
George Elwood Smith2009Ph.D. in Physics (1959)[52]
Jack Steinberger1988B.S. in Chemistry (1942)[53][54]
Kip Thorne2017Visiting Associate Professor (1968)[55]
Daniel Tsui1998M.S. and Ph.D. (1967)[56]
Eugene Paul Wigner1963Worked on the Manhattan Project at the University of Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory (1942–1945)[57]
Frank Wilczek2004B.S. in Mathematics (1970)[58]
Chen Ning Yang1957Ph.D. (1948); Instructor (1948–1949)[59]

Nobel laureates in Chemistry

Name Year Affiliation with the University of Chicago
Herbert C. Brown1979B.S. (1936) and Ph.D. (1938)
Paul J. Crutzen1995Professor (part-time) at the Department of Geophysical Sciences (1987–1991)[60]
Gerhard Herzberg1971Professor of Spectroscopy at the Yerkes Observatory (1945–1948)[61]
Jerome Karle1985Researcher at the University of Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory (1943-1944) during the Manhattan Project[62][63]
Yuan T. Lee1986Assistant Professor at the Department of Chemistry and the James Franck Institute (October 1968–1971), Associate Professor (October 1971–1973), and Professor (January 1973–1974)[64]
Willard Libby1960Professor of Chemistry at the Department of Chemistry, and Institute for Nuclear Studies (1945–1954)[65]
Robert S. Mulliken1966Ph.D. (1921); NRC Fellow (1921–1925), Associate Professor of Physics (1928–1931), Professor of Physics (1931–1961), Ernest de Witt Burton Distinguished Service Professor (1956–1961), and Distinguished Service Professor of Physics and Chemistry (1961–1986)[66]
Ilya Prigogine1977Visiting Professor of Chemistry at the Department of Chemistry and the Enrico Fermi Institute for Nuclear Studies (1961–1966)[67]
Irwin Rose2004B.S. (1948) and Ph.D. in Biochemistry (1952)[68]
F. Sherwood Rowland1995M.S. (1951) and Ph.D. (1952)[69]
Glenn Theodore Seaborg1951Worked on the Manhattan Project at the University of Chicago Metallurgical Laboratory (1942–1946)[70]
Richard E. Smalley1996Postdoctoral researcher (1973–1976)[71]
William Howard Stein1972Visiting Professor (1961)[72]
Henry Taube1983Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, and Professor (1946–1961)[73]
Alexander R. Todd1957Visiting Professor of Biochemsitry (Autumn 1948)[74]
Harold Clayton Urey1934Distinguished Service Professor of Chemistry (1945–1952), and Martin A. Ryerson Professor (1952–1958)[75]
Ada Yonath2009Visiting Scientist (1977–1978)[76]
Karl Ziegler1963Visiting Professor (1936)[77]

Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine

Name Year Affiliation with the University of Chicago
George Beadle1958Chancellor of the University of Chicago (January 1961–August 1961), and President of the University of Chicago (Autumn of 1961–1968)[78][79]
Bruce Beutler2011M.D. (1981)[80]
Konrad Emil Bloch1964Assistant Professor of Biochemistry (1946–1948), Associate Professor of Biochemistry (1948–1950), and Professor of Biochemistry (1950–1954)[81]
Alexis Carrel1912Worked in the Department of Physiology (1904–1905)[82]
Edward Adelbert Doisy1943Lecturer in Medicine (1940)[83]
John Carew Eccles1963Researcher at the Institute of Biomedical Research (1966–1968)[84]
Charles Brenton Huggins1966Instructor in Surgery (1927–1929), Assistant Professor (1929–1933), Associate Professor (1933–1936), Professor of Surgery (1936–1962), and William B. Ogden Distinguished Service Professor (1962–1997); also Director at Ben May Laboratory for Cancer Research[85]
Roger Sperry1981Ph.D. in Zoology (1941); Assistant professor, Department of Anatomy (1946–1952), and Associate professor of psychology, (1952–1953)[86]
Edward Lawrie Tatum1958Undergraduate attendee (studied for two years during the 1920s)[87]
George Wald1967National Research Council Fellowship in Biology (1933–1934)[88]
James Dewey Watson1962B.S. in Zoology (1947)[89]

Nobel Peace Prize laureates

Name Year Affiliation with the University of Chicago
Emily Greene Balch1946 Graduate attendee (studied sociology under Albion W. Small in 1895).[90][91]
Barack Obama2009Taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School as a Lecturer (1992–1996) and as a Senior Lecturer (1996–2004)[92][93][94]

Nobel laureates in Literature

Name Year Affiliation with the University of Chicago
Saul Bellow1976Undergraduate attendee (1933–1935), and professor at the Committee on Social Thought (1962–1993)[95]
JM Coetzee2003Taught at the Committee on Social Thought (1996–2003)[96]
Bertrand Russell1950Visiting Professor of Philosophy (1938–1939)[97][98]

Nobel Memorial Prize laureates in Economics

Name Year Affiliation with the University of Chicago
Gary Becker1992A.M. (1953) and Ph.D. (1955); Assistant Professor of Economics (1954–1957) and Professor of Economics (1970–2014); also held appointments in the Department of Sociology (1984), Booth School of Business, and the Law School[99]
James M. Buchanan1986Ph.D. (1948)[100]
Eugene Fama2013M.B.A. (1963) and Ph.D. (1964) at the Booth School of Business; Assistant Professor of Finance (1963–1965), Associate Professor of Finance (1966–1968), Professor of Finance (1968–1973), Theodore O. Yntema Professor of Finance (1973–1984), Theodore O. Yntema Distinguished Service Professor of Finance (1984–1993), and Robert R. McCormick Distinguished Service Professor of Finance (since 1993) at the Booth School of Business[101]
Milton Friedman1976A.M. in Economics (1933); Research Assistant (1934–1935), and Professor (1946–1977)[102][103]
Lars Peter Hansen2013Associate Professor (1981–1984), Professor in Economics (1984–1990), Homer J. Livingston Professor in Economics (1990–1997), Homer J. Livingston Distinguished Service Professor in Economics (1997–2010), Visiting Professor at the Booth School of Business (2003–2005), Professor in Statistics (since 2007), and David Rockefeller Distinguished Service Professor (since 2010)[104]
Bengt R. Holmström2016Visiting Associate Professor (Spring 1982) and Visiting Professor (Fall 2006)[105]
Robert Lucas Jr.1995B.A. in History (1959), and Ph.D. (1964); Ford Foundation Visiting Research Professor of Economics (1974–1975), Professor of Economics (1975–1980), and John Dewey Distinguished Service Professor of Economics (since 1980)[106][107]
Harry Markowitz2003Ph.B. in Liberal Arts (1947), A.M. in Economics (1950), and Ph.D. in Economics (1954)[108]
Franco Modigliani1985Research Associate (1948–1949) and Research Consultant (1949–1952), Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics at the University of Chicago[109][110]
Paul Samuelson1970B.A. (1935)[111]
Myron Scholes1997M.B.A (1964), and Ph.D (1969); Associate Professor (1973–1983)[112]
Herbert A. Simon1976B.S. in Political Science (1937), and Ph.D. in Political Science (1943)[113]
George Stigler1982Ph.D. (1938); Professor (1958–1991)[114]
Kenneth J. Arrow1972Research Associate at the Cowles Commission for Research in Economics (partly) (1946–1949), and Assistant Professor of Economics (1948–1949)[115]
Edward C. Prescott2004Ford Visiting Research Professor (1978–1979), Visiting Professor (Spring 1997), and Professor of Economics (1998–1999)[116][117]
James J. Heckman2001Associate Professor (1973–1977) (tenured in 1974), Professor of Economics (since 1977), Henry Schultz Professor (1985–1995), Affiliated Faculty at the Irving B. Harris School of Public Policy (1990–2011), Director of the Center for Social Program Evaluation at the Harris School of Public Policy (since 1991), Henry Schultz Distinguished Service Professor (since 1995), Director of the Economics Research Center at the University of Chicago (1998–2006), Director of the Center for the Study of Childhood Development at the Harris School of Public Policy (2009–2014), Professor of Law at the University of Chicago School of Law (since 2011), Professor at the Irving B. Harris School of Public Policy (since 2011), Director of the Center for the Economics of Human Development at the University of Chicago (since 2014)[118][119]
Daniel L. McFadden2003Visiting Associate Professor (1966–1967)[120][121]
Robert A. Mundell1999Postdoctoral fellow in Political Economy (1956–1957),[122] and Professor of Economics (1966–1971)[123]
Robert Fogel1993Ford Foundation Visiting Research Professor (1963–1964), Associate Professor (1964–1965), and Professor (1965–1975; since 1981)[124][125]
Ronald H. Coase1991Professor in the Department of Economics (1964–2013)[126]
Merton H. Miller1990Professor at the Booth School of Business (1961–2000)[127]
Trygve Haavelmo1989Researcher at the Cowles Commission for Research in Economics (1946–1947)[128]
Gérard Debreu1983Research Associate at the Cowles Commission for Research in Economics (1950–1955)[129]
Lawrence R. Klein1980Researcher at the Cowles Commission for Research in Economics (1944–1947), worked under the econometrics team[130][131][132]
Theodore W. Schultz1979Professor in the Department of Economics (1943–1998)[133]
Tjalling C. Koopmans1975Research Associate (1944–1948) at the Cowles Commission for Research in Economics, Associate Professor in the Department of Economics (1946–1948), and Director of Research of the Cowles Commission and Professor of Economics (1948–1955)[134]
Friedrich August von Hayek1974Professor of Social and Moral Science at the Committee on Social Thought (1950–1962)[135]
Roger Myerson2007Visiting Professor of Economics (1985–1986, 2000–2001), Professor of Economics (since 2001), and Glen A. Lloyd Distinguished Service Professor (since 2007)[136][137]
Leonid Hurwicz2007Worked in the Institute of Meteorology during the 1940s;[138] Research Associate at the Cowles Commission for Research in Economics (1944–1946)[139]
Thomas J. Sargent2011Ford Foundation Visiting Research Professor of Economics (September 1976–June 1977), and David Rockefeller Professor of Economics (July 1991–July 1998)[140]
Richard Thaler2017Charles R Walgreen Distinguished Service Professor of Economics and Behavioral Science, and Director of the Center for Decision Research at the Booth School of Business[141]

See also

References

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