Lazica

Kingdom of Lazica
ეგრისის სამეფო
131 AD–697 AD
The kingdom of Lazica in Late Antiquity
Status Kingdom
Capital Archaeopolis
Common languages Zan language Kartvelian languages
Religion Eastern Orthodox Church
King  
• 131 AD
Malassas (first)
• 696/697
Sergius (last)
Historical era Classical antiquity
• Established
131 AD
• vassal of Byzantine Empire
3rd to 5th century
• Lazic War
541 to 562 AD
• annexation of Lazica by Byzantine Empire
7th
• Union with Kingdom of Abkhazia
780
• Disestablished
697 AD
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Roman Empire
Kingdom of Abkhazia
Today part of

Lazica (Georgian: ეგრისის სამეფო, Egrisis samepo; Laz: ლაზიკა, Laziǩa; Greek: Λαζική, Lazikí; Persian: لازستان‎, Lâzestân; Armenian: Եգեր, Yeger) was the Latin name given to the territory of Colchis during the Roman/Byzantine period, from about the 1st century BC.

History

By the mid-3rd century, Lazica was given partial autonomy within the Roman Empire and developed into the kingdom of Lazica-Egrisi. Throughout much of its existence, it was mainly a Byzantine strategic vassal kingdom occasionally coming under Sassanid Persian rule. The kingdom fell to the Muslim conquest in the 7th century. Egrisi in the 8th century successfully repelled the Arab occupation and formed the Kingdom of Abkhazia-Egrisi from c. 780, one of the early medieval polities which would converge into the unified kingdom of Georgia in the 11th century. Under Georgian King Bagrat III of the Bagrationi Royal House, Lazica united with the eastern Georgian lands of Iberia-Kartli to form a Kingdom of Georgia.

Rulers

The known rulers of Lazica were:

Ruler Reign Notes
1. Malassas mentioned by Arrian in 131 vassal of the Roman Emperor Hadrian.
2. Pacorus a contemporary of the Antoninus Pius (r. 138–161) his name is found on a coin issued by him.
3. Gubazes I attested c. 456 – 466
4. Damnazes ?–521/522
5. Tzath I attested 521/522 – 527/528
6. Opsites dates of reign unknown, likely some time before 541
7. Gubazes II c. 541 – 555
8. Tzath II 556–?
9. Lebarnicius c. 662 mentioned as "patricius of Lazica" in the

Hypomnensticum of Theodosius and Theodore of Gangra

10. Grigor 670 – c. 675
11. Sergius c. 696/697

Ecclesiastical history

In the early 4th century, the Christian eparchy (eastern bishopric) of Pitiunt (Bichvinta ბიჭვინთა ) was established in this kingdom, and as in neighboring Iberia Christianity was declared as an official religion in AD 319.[1][2] Other ancient episcopal sees in Lazica include Rhodopolis,[3] Saesina,[4] and Zygana.[5] In 325 among the participants of the First Council of Nicaea was the bishop of Pitiunt, Stratophilus. The first Christian king of Lazica was Gubazes I; in the 5th century, Christianity was made the official religion of Lazica. Later, the nobility and clergy of Lazica switched from the Hellenic ecclesiastic tradition to the Georgian, and Georgian became the language of culture and education. The Bichvinta Cathedral is one of oldest monuments of the Georgian Christian architecture constructed by the Georgian King Bagrat III Bagration (978-1014, an Orthodox saint).[6]

See also

References

  1. ↑ The Church Triumphant: A History of Christianity Up to 1300, E. Glenn Hinson, p 223
  2. ↑ Georgian Reader, George Hewitt, p. xii
  3. ↑ Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2013, ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), p. 959
  4. ↑ Annuario Pontificio 2013, p. 979
  5. ↑ Annuario Pontificio 2013, p. 1013
  6. ↑ W.E.D. Allen, A history of the Georgian people (1932), p. 276.

History of

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