Latrodectus variolus

Latrodectus variolus
Female
Male (with damaged legs)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Animalia
Phylum:Arthropoda
Subphylum:Chelicerata
Class:Arachnida
Order:Araneae
Infraorder:Araneomorphae
Family:Theridiidae
Genus:Latrodectus
Species: L. variolus
Binomial name
Latrodectus variolus

Latrodectus variolus, the northern black widow spider or northern widow, is a medically important spider species of the genus Latrodectus in the family Theridiidae. The population is closely related to the southern black widow, Latrodectus mactans, and the western black widow, Latrodectus hesperus, of the genus.

It is commonly found in Middle Atlantic states (New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland) of the United States. During the April–May mating season, it can travel north along the coast as far as Massachusetts. It also occurs in Connecticut in late summer. It is also found, rarely, in southern Ontario and southern Quebec[2], Canada, and in south-eastern Michigan.

A bite may cause latrodectism, and requires medical attention in the case of increasingly severe discomfort or spreading local redness accompanied by severe pain.[3] The LD-50 has been measured in mice as 1.20–2.70 mg (0.019–0.042 gr); each spider contains about 0.254 mg (0.0039 gr) of venom.[4]

Unlike for the related Latrodectus mactans, as of 2015 no antivenom was available.

References

  1. ↑ "Taxon details Latrodectus variolus Walckenaer, 1837", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2016-04-26
  2. ↑ http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0201094 Predicting the distribution of poorly-documented species, Northern black widow (Latrodectus variolus) and Black purse-web spider (Sphodros niger), using museum specimens and citizen science data]
  3. ↑ CalPoison.org
  4. ↑ McCrone, J.D. (December 1, 1964). "Comparative lethality of several Latrodectus venoms". Toxicon. 2 (3): 201–203. doi:10.1016/0041-0101(64)90023-6.


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