Lapstone, New South Wales

The Lapstone Zig Zag

The Lapstone Zig Zag line (or "little" zig zag) opened near Glenbrook in 1867. The ascent of Lapstone Hill on a gradient of 1 in 30-33, was built up the side of the range with comparatively light earthwork, includes the substantial seven-span sandstone Knapsack Viaduct. The viaduct was later widened to carry the old Great Western Highway, when the deviation around the Lapstone Zig Zag was built. The zig zag is now part of a walking trail on the old railway/highway alignment, including a memorial to John Whitton, the engineer in charge of the construction of the Blue Mountains line and many other early railways.^[4] One feature of this line was the Lucasville platform built by John Lucas to access his property at Lapstone. Remains of it can still be seen.

The First Glenbrook Tunnel

The construction of the first tunnel was depicted by Australian impressionist painter Arthur Streeton in Fire's On (1891, Art Gallery of New South Wales).

A new route was opened on 18 December 1892 to avoid the Zig Zag.^[5] After crossing the viaduct, the new line curved around to the west and went through a new tunnel, The first Glenbrook Tunnel. The tunnel emerged further west near the Great Western Highway with a total of 660 metres in length. The tunnel can still be seen from neighbouring bush tracks.^[6] The new tunnel was hailed as a major improvement, but problems with ventilation and water from the nearby creek lead to trains getting stuck. The first Glenbrook Tunnel was finally closed 24th September 1913.^[7]

The Old Glenbrook Tunnel was used by the nearby RAAF base during World War 2 as storage for arms such as bombs and mustard gas. The RAAF laid a concrete floor for better storage and access. It has also been used to grow mushrooms.^[5]

The New Glenbrook Tunnel

In 1913, the present route was constructed to by pass the Glenbrook tunnel, going along the escarpment of Glenbrook Gorge and through a new tunnel at the spot known as The Bluff. One of the features of this project was the construction of a temporary railway line that crossed Darks Common south of Explorers Road. The rail line has been removed but the cutting can still be seen, as well as the remains of the winding house base near the escarpment.^[8] this was known as the Spur-line and was in operation from 1911 until 1913, the line and cutting now form part of a nature walk through Darks Common. The new Glenbrook Tunnel 282 metres in length, came into operation 11th May 1913, and is still used today.^[9]

Darks Common

Darks Common became a public reserve in the 1970s to prevent a proposed housing development, the leading voice in the conservation of the area was local Micheal Dark, son of author Eleanor Dark and her husband Dr Erick Dark. The reserve now protected by council bares the name of the family^[10].

There are many walking tracks throughout the common, the Spur-Line walking track leads to the Glenbrook Creek and views of Glenbrook Gorge.

The Lapstone Hill Hotel

The land occupied by the present RAAF base was originally owned in the 1870s by John Lucas (1818 - 1902), He built a country retreat on the land called Lucasville, close to his private Lucasville railway station, but sold the property to Charles Smith. Smith built his own house, called Logie, higher up the hill, above the railway and Lucas’s little cottage. Charles Smith died in 1897 Logie house and estate was inherited by his son Colin. In 1921 Logie and its estate were bought by Herwold Kirkpatrick and his brother-in-law. Kirkpatrick was a well known architect was from the late 1920's he set out to transform the Logie Cottage and grounds into a luxury Hotel.

The Lapstone Hill Hotel was officially opened in 1930 and was a major Art Deco luxury hotel. The grounds of some 6 hectares (15 acres) were ‘tastefully planned with lawns, flowers, fruit and vegetable gardens, with water pumped from the Nepean River far below. The Hotel had great views of the Nepean River and offered views of the Sydney metropolis. The hotel was extremely fashionable all throughout the 1930's the Hotel was noted for adverting the benefits of the mountain environment on one health, and attracted many people from the Sydney that wanted to escape the city life.

1949 The Lapstone Hill Hotel and grounds were offered to the Commonwealth Department of Defence as a new headquarters for the RAAF’s Eastern Area command, The RAAF Base Glenbrook, No personnel actually lived in the 57 rooms of the former hotel during the first twenty years of RAAF use, but in 1982 a new administration block was opened and the former hotel became entirely the Officers’ Mess: about 35 officers were then accommodated in the upper storey. Downstairs suites are used for visiting VIPs were created in 1994 by the architect Robert Staas and the interior designer Elizabeth Mackie, retaining the Art Deco theme^[11]

The New Lapstone Hotel

The New Lapstone Hotel was built in the 1950's further up the Great Western Highway at Blaxland. after The Lapstone Hill Hotel and grounds was purchased by the RAAF. The Hotel was called "The New Lapstone Hotel" up until the 1980's

Today the hotel is known as The Lapstone Hotel, It was renovated in 2007 after being purchased by the Lewis Group of Hotels.^[12]

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  Remains of Lucasville Station on the Zig Zag line
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  Glenbrook Tunnel constructed in 1892, Eastern Entrance.
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  Cutting where the construction railway line went through Darks Common, The Spurline.
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  Remains of winding house base at the south end of the construction railway line
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  Lapstone Railway Station Building.