Languages of Greenland

Languages of Greenland
Official languages Greenlandic
Minority languages Danish
Main immigrant languages English
Filipino
Thai
Icelandic
Swedish
Norwegian
Finnish
French
Romanian
Bulgarian
Other
Main foreign languages English
Norwegian / Swedish
French / German / Spanish
Sign languages Greenlandic Sign Language
Common keyboard layouts
QWERTY
Danish
Source Statistics Greenland (2008)

The only official language of Greenland is Greenlandic.[1] The number of speakers of Greenlandic is estimated at 50,000 (85-90% of the total population), divided in three main dialects, Kalaallisut (West-Greenlandic, 44,000 speakers and the dialect that is used as official language), Tunumiit (East-Greenlandic, 3,000 speakers) and Inuktun (North-Greenlandic, 800 speakers). The remainder of the population mainly speaks Danish; Greenlandic Sign Language is the language of the deaf community.

Greenland has been a very isolated and linguistically homogeneous island historically, but has nevertheless been home to several languages. Greenlandic Norse is believed to have been in language contact with Greenlandic, the language of the indigenous Kalaallit, and to have left loanwords in that language.[2] It has been suggested that the word kona, meaning woman, is of Norse origin.[3]

The available evidence does not establish the presence of language attrition; the language most likely disappeared with the ethnic group that spoke it.[4]

Greenlandic is not only the national language, but is now "the official language in Greenland" by virtue of Act no. 473, adopted by parliament 12 June 2009, the Act on Greenland Self-Government.[5]

Studying Danish and English is mandatory for students in compulsory schools and also part of many secondary-level study programmes, so knowledge of the two languages is widespread. Other foreign languages frequently studied include German and French.

Temporary visitors and residents often make up a large portion of the population, especially in Ilulissat and the capital Nuuk.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Ethnolgue
  2. ↑ Jahr, p. 233.
  3. ↑ Jahr, p. 231.
  4. ↑ Bandle, p. 1234.
  5. ↑ "Act no. 473 of 12 June 2009" (doc). The Prime Minister's Office. p. 7. Retrieved 5 July 2018. Chapter 20; Greenlandic shall be the official language in Greenland.
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