Kavli Prize

The Kavli Prize
The 2014 Astrophysics laureates shortly after being presented with their awards
Awarded for Awarded for outstanding contributions in Astrophysics, Nanoscience and Neuroscience.
Country Norway
Presented by Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
The Kavli Foundation
Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research
First awarded 2008
Website http://www.kavliprize.no

The Kavli Prize was established in 2005 through a joint venture between the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, the Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research, and The Kavli Foundation. The main objective for the Prize is to honor, support and recognize scientists for outstanding scientific work in the fields of astrophysics, nanoscience and neuroscience and award three international prizes every second year. The Kavli Prize was awarded the first time in Oslo, 9 September 2008. The Prizes were presented by Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway. Each of the three Kavli Prizes consists of a gold medal, a scroll, and a cash award of US $1,000,000.

Selection committees

The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters appoints the three Prize Committees consisting of leading international scientists after receiving recommendations made by the following international academies and equivalent scientific organisations:

These distinguished panels of international scientist’s reviews and recommend the prize winners on basis of a nomination process. The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters administer the selection process and announce the prize winners.

Laureates

Astrophysics

Year Laureate Institution Country Citation
2008 Maarten Schmidt California Institute of Technology Netherlands "for their seminal contributions to understanding the nature of quasars"
Donald Lynden-Bell Cambridge University United Kingdom
2010 Jerry E. Nelson Lick Observatory, University of California, Santa Cruz United States "for their contributions to the development of giant telescopes"
Raymond N. Wilson European Southern Observatory, Garching United Kingdom
James Roger Angel Steward Observatory, University of Arizona United States
2012 David C. Jewitt University of California Los Angeles United Kingdom United States "for discovering and characterizing the Kuiper Belt and its largest members, work that led to a major advance in the understanding of the history of our planetary system"
Jane X. Luu Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Vietnam United States
Michael E. Brown California Institute of Technology United States
2014 Alan H. Guth Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States "for pioneering the theory of cosmic inflation"
Andrei D. Linde Stanford University Russia United States
Alexei A. Starobinsky Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics Russia
2016 Ronald W.P. Drever California Institute of Technology United KingdomUnited States "for the direct detection of gravitational waves"[1]
Kip S. Thorne California Institute of Technology United States
Rainer Weiss Massachusetts Institute of Technology GermanyUnited States
2018 Ewine van Dishoeck Leiden University Netherlands "for her combined contributions to observational, theoretical, and laboratory astrochemistry, elucidating the life cycle of interstellar clouds and the formation of stars and planets"[2][3]

Nanoscience

Year Laureate Institution Country Citation
2008 Louis Brus Columbia University United States "for their large impact in the development of the nanoscience field of the zero and one dimensional nanostructures in physics, chemistry and biology"
Sumio Iijima Meijo University Japan
2010 Donald Eigler IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose United States "for their development of unprecedented methods to control matter on the nanoscale"
Nadrian C. Seeman New York University United States
2012 Mildred S. Dresselhaus Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States "for her pioneering contributions to the study of phonons, electron-phonon interactions, and thermal transport in nanostructures"
2014 Thomas W. Ebbesen University of Strasbourg Norway France "for transformative contributions to the field of nano-optics that have broken long-held beliefs about the limitations of the resolution limits of optical microscopy and imaging"
Stefan W. Hell Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry Germany
John B. Pendry Imperial College London United Kingdom
2016 Gerd Binnig IBM Zurich Research Laboratory Germany "for the invention and realization of atomic force microscopy, a breakthrough in measurement technology and nanosculpting that continues to have a transformative impact on nanoscience and technology"[4]
Christoph Gerber University of Basel Switzerland
Calvin Quate Stanford University United States
2018 Emmanuelle Charpentier Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology GermanyFrance "for the invention of CRISPR-Cas9, a precise nanotool for editing DNA, causing a revolution in biology, agriculture, and medicine"[5][3]
Jennifer Doudna University of California, Berkeley United States
Virginijus Šikšnys Vilnius University Lithuania

Neuroscience

Year Laureate Institution Country Citation
2008 Sten Grillner Karolinska Institute Sweden "for discoveries on the developmental and functional logic of neuronal circuits"
Thomas Jessell Columbia University United Kingdom United States
Pasko Rakic Yale University School of Medicine Serbia United States
2010 Richard H. Scheller Genentech, South San Francisco, California United States "for discovering the molecular basis of neurotransmitter release"
Thomas C. Südhof Stanford University School of Medicine Germany
James E. Rothman Yale University United States
2012 Cornelia Isabella Bargmann Rockefeller University United States "for elucidating basic neuronal mechanisms underlying perception and decision"
Winfried Denk Max Planck Institute for Medical Research Germany
Ann M. Graybiel Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States
2014 Brenda Milner Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University Canada "for the discovery of specialized brain networks for memory and cognition"
John O’Keefe University College London United Kingdom
Marcus E. Raichle Washington University, St.Louis United States
2016 Eve Marder Brandeis University United States "for the discovery of mechanisms that allow experience and neural activity to remodel brain function"[6]
Michael M. Merzenich University of California, San Francisco United States
Carla J. Shatz Stanford University United States
2018 A. James Hudspeth Rockefeller University United States "for their scientific discoveries of the molecular and neural mechanisms of hearing"[7][3]
Robert Fettiplace University of Wisconsin–Madison United KingdomUnited States
Christine Petit Collège de France France

See also

References

  1. ↑ "2016 Kavli Prize in Astrophysics | www.kavliprize.org". www.kavliprize.org. Retrieved 2016-06-02.
  2. ↑ "2018 Kavli Prize in Astrophysics | www.kavliprize.org". Kavil Prize. 2018-05-31. Retrieved 2018-05-31.
  3. 1 2 3 "Jennifer Doudna shares 2018 Kavli Prize in Nanoscience". Berkeley News. 2018-05-31. Retrieved 2018-05-31.
  4. ↑ "2016 Kavli Prize in Nanoscience | www.kavliprize.org". www.kavliprize.org. Retrieved 2016-06-02.
  5. ↑ "2018 Kavli Prize in Nanoscience | www.kavliprize.org". www.kavliprize.org. Retrieved 2018-05-31.
  6. ↑ "2016 Kavli Prize in Neuroscience | www.kavliprize.org". www.kavliprize.org. Retrieved 2016-06-02.
  7. ↑ "2018 Kavli Prize in Neuroscience | www.kavliprize.org". www.kavliprize.org. Retrieved 2018-05-31.
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