Kadambas of Goa

Kadambas of Goa
Shashthadeva I(Kantakacharya)960 AD
Nagavarma~
Guhalladeva I~
Shashathadeva II~
Guhalladeva II1038 AD
Veeravarmadeva1042–1054 AD
Jayakeshi I1050–1080
Guhalladeva II alias Tribhuvanamalla1080–1125
Vijayaditya I alias VijayarkaRuling prince up to 1104
Jayakeshi II1125–1148
Shivachitta paramadideva1148–1179
Vishnuchitta alias Vijayaditya II1179–1187
Jayakeshi III1188–1216
Shivachitta Vajradeva1193–1202
Sovideva Tribhuvanamalla1216–1238
Shashthadeva III1246–1265
Kamadeva(Husband of Kadamba princess Sovidevi)1265–1310

The Kadambas of Goa were a dynasty during the Late Classical period on the Indian subcontinent, who ruled Goa from the 10th to the 14th century CE. They took over the territories of the Silaharas and ruled them at first from Chandor, later making Gopakapattana their capital.[1]

Origins

According to the Talagunda inscription found in Shimoga in Karnataka, the Kadambas are of Brahmin origin, descended from Mayurasharma.[2]

Establishment of a separate dynasty

As a feudatory of the Chalukyas, Kadamba Shasthadeva was appointed as the Mahamandaleshwar of Goa by the Chalukya king, Tailapa II.[3] According to the Savai vere inscription, the Kadambas were allies of the Chalukyas, whom they helped to defeat the Rashtrakutas. Shashthadeva later conquered the city of Chandrapur from the Shilaharas and established the Goan Kadamba dynasty in 960 CE.[4]

Gopakapattana

King Shashthadeva conquered Goa, Port Gopakapattana and Kapardikadvipa and annexed a large part of South Konkan to his kingdom, making Gopakpattana his subsidiary capital. The next King, Jayakeshi I, further expanded the Goan kingdom. A Jain Sanskrit text, Dvayāśraya mentions the extension of his capital and that Port Gopakapattna had trade contacts with Zanzibar, Bengal, Gujarat and Sri Lanka. Gopakapattana was a pleasant commercial city, well connected with Old Goa and a trading hub for over 300 years. In the 1320s it was looted by Khalji general Malik Kafur. The Kadambas went back to Chandor, but returned to Gopakapattana when Muhammad bin Tughluq overcame Chandor.[5]

Administration

Gold coins issued by the Kadamba king of Goa, Shivachitta Paramadideva, c. 1147-1187

During the rule of the Kadambas, the name and fame of Goapuri reached its zenith. Goa's religion, culture, trade and arts flourished and the dynasty built many Shiva temples. They assumed titles like Konkanadhipati, Saptakotisha Ladbha Varaveera, Gopakapura varadhishva, Konkanmahacharavarti and Panchamahashabda.[6] They married the royalty of Saurashtra and even local chieftains. The kings patronized the Vedic religion and performed major fire sacrifices (yagna) such as the horse sacrifice (Ashvamedha). They popularized Shaivism and patronized Jainism in Goa.

The languages of Kadamba administration were Sanskrit and Kannada. They introduced the Kannada language to Goa, where it exercised a profound influence on the local language. The Nagari, Kadamba, Halekannada and Goykanadi scripts were very popular. It is known from another inscription that Tribhuvanamalla established a Brahmapuri at Gopaka. Brahmapuris were ancient universities run by Brahmins, where Vedas, astrology, philosophy, medicine, and other subjects were taught.[7] They were found in Goa, Savoi verem, Gauli moula, and elsewhere.

Kadambas ruled Goa for more than 400 years[8] . On 16th October 1345 Goa Kadamba King Suriya Deva [9] [10][11] was assassinated by Muslim invaders.

See also

References

  1. ↑ de Souza, Teotonio R. (1990). Goa Through the Ages: An economic history. Concept Publishing Company. pp. 11–15. ISBN 81-7022-259-1.
  2. ↑ George M. Moares (1931), The Kadamba Kula, A History of Ancient and Medieval Karnataka, Asian Educational Services, 1990, p10
  3. ↑ Moraes (1931), pp.88–93
  4. ↑ Kamat, Varsha (December 2010). Sanskrutik Vartapatra (in Marathi, see chapter: Kadambancha suvarnakal). Pune: Sanskrutik Vartapatra. pp. 112(see pages 10–13).
  5. ↑ "de Souza, Teotonio R. (1990)Goa Through the Ages: An economic history pg 11-15". Retrieved 8 Jan 2018.
  6. ↑ Gune, Vithal Trimbak (1979). Gazetteer of the Union Territory Goa, Daman and Diu. I. Goa, Daman and Diu (India). Gazetteer Dept.
  7. ↑ "Gazetteer of the Union Territory Goa, Daman and Diu : district gazetteer / edited by V.T. Gune". Retrieved 8 Jan 2018.
  8. ↑ De Souza, Teotonio R. (1990). Goa Through the Ages: An economic history, Volume 2. Concept Publishing Company. p. 129. ISBN 9788170222590.
  9. ↑ "K Kula Velliapura inscriptions pg 181 190 317 384". Retrieved 8 Jan 2018.
  10. ↑ Title: Gazetteer of the Union Territory Goa, Daman and Diu: district gazetteer, Volume 1; Publisher: Gazetteer Dept., Govt. of the Union Territory of Goa, Daman and Diu, 1979 (Original from the University of Michigan, Digitised: 30 August 2008)
  11. ↑ "EPIGRAPHICAL AND LITERARY SOURCES ON WORSHIP IN GOA'S PAST" (PDF). ShodhGanga.
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