Juan de Canaveris

Juan Antonio Domingo Jugluns de Canaverys
Official of the Tribunal Mayor de Cuentas de Buenos Aires
In office
1777–1810
Personal details
Born Giovanni Antonio Domenico Canaveri
1748
Saluzzo, Province of Cuneo, Piedmont, Kingdom of Sardinia
Died August 22, 1822
Buenos Aires, United Provinces of the River Plate
Resting place Church of La Merced
Nationality Italian
Political party Patriot
Spouse(s) Catalina Bernarda de Esparza
Occupation Politician
Farmer
Profession jurist
Signature

Juan de Canaveris (or Canaverys) (1748–1822) was an Italian lawyer and politician, who served as accounting officer in the Tribunal de Cuentas de Buenos Aires, during the viceroyalty of Río de la Plata.[1] He had achieved a high social status in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (member of the Church), where supported the revolutionary movements of May, being the only neighbor (founding fathers of Argentina) of Italian origin who attended in the Open Cabildo, of May 22, 1810.[2]

Juan Canaverys was the founder of the Canavery family in Argentina, and the direct ancestor of prominent military, revolutionaries, lawyers, notaries, politicians and priests of Buenos Aires. He had a long career in Buenos Aires, serving as attorney-in-fact of Francisco Maciel and Victorián de Villava. In 1798 he was appointed as representative of the City Council of Santiago del Estero.[3] During the May Revolution he integrated the sector proposed by Pascual Ruiz Huidobro and Feliciano Chiclana, political group that proposed the destitution of the Viceroy and the assumption of the government by the Cabildo de Buenos Aires, in form of a provisional government.[4]

Biography

Partial view of the Alps (Saluzzo)

Giovanni Antonio Domenico Canaveri was born near the year 1748 in Saluzzo (Principality of Piedmont),[5] during the end of the War of the Austrian Succession. He was son of Gabriel Antonio Canaveri and Margherita Jugluns, belonging to a noble family from Verzuolo of French and Italian roots, and whose ancestors and relatives were inhabitants of different points of the territory of the Duchy of Savoy[6] and County of Provence.[7]

Juan Canaveris arrived at Río de la Plata about 1770, possibly from the port of A Coruña or Ferrol,[8] in times of the Bourbon Reforms in the Spanish Empire. He probably had lived and studied in Genoa, in the census of 1807 and 1809 is indicated as of Genoese origin.[9] He was married at the Cathedral of Buenos Aires on May 4, 1772, with Catalina Bernarda de Esparza, a noble woman,[10] daughter of Juan Miguel de Esparza and María Eugenia Sánchez.[11] The wedding between Canaveris and Esparza was performed by the priest José Antonio Acosta, and counted as witnesses to the citizens, Antonio de Espinosa, Sebastiana Esparza and Mariano González, belonging to distinguished families of the city.[12]

Canaveris and his wife lived in the neighborhood of San Nicolás, had twelve children, six boys and six girls: María Ramona (1773), María Antonia (1774), wife of Fernando Linera, merchant, employee in the Consulate.[13] María Dominga, married to Mariano Lazcano, official in the Real Aduana of Buenos Aires.

Juan Miguel Canaveris (1778-1803) was godson of Mariano Olier. He died on October 5, 1803, being buried in the pantheon of the convent of Recollects (Basílica Nuestra Señora del Pilar).[14] Juan Joseph Canaveris (1780-1837, lawyer in the city), María Eugenia Canaveris (1782-1812), buried in San Francisco), wife of Juan Bayá y Rosell, mother of Juan Manuel Bayá, María del Carmen (goddaughter of Narciso Marull). And Antonina Bayá, wife of Felipe Achinelli, a stockbroker who was murdered on June 16, 1845.

Mariano Canaveris (1783-1840s) a former military man, who served in the regiments of Hussar, was also Preceptor in the Escuela de La Piedad.[15] He was married to Tiburcia Ravelo, a Creole woman of Portuguese roots.[16] His sons Juan Bautista, Juan Segundo and Mónica Bernabela, were sponsored in their baptisms by Juan Bautista Vitón, a noble Spanish gentleman of French ancestry.

Doña Juana Bayá y Canaveris

Manuel Canaveris (1787-1830), Lieutenant in 4th Regiment,[17] who had served in the garrisons of Buenos Aires until 1812. His brother Joaquín Canaveris (1789-1840s), was alcalde de barrio in Monserrat and San Nicolas. And the sister of both, Juana Josefa Felipa Gregoria Eleuteria Canaveris, who was baptized with those names (Felipa Eleuteria) for being born on May 26 (St. Philip's and St. Eleutherius).[18] She was married to Hilario Amoedo Garazatúa,[19] being mother of Sinforoso Amoedo, Felipe Amoedo and Claudio Amoedo.

The last children of Canaveris were José Mariano de la Cruz, born in 1791 and María de la Encarnación Canaveris (died in Carmen de Areco), who was married in the Buenos Aires Cathedral to Alejo Menchaca, native of Biscay.[20]

The house of Juan Canaveris was located in the vicinity of the Fonda de los Tres Reyes, the main inn in the city in early 1800.[21] He and his wife were fervent catholics, belonged to the Orden de la Merced, and were the founders of a chaplaincy in the city.[22] His daughters, María Antonia and Dominga Canaveris, belonged to the religious order of Saint Dominic.[23]

Juan Canaveris and Bernarda Catalina de Esparza were the grandparents of Ángel Canaveris, a prestigious doctor in psychiatry, head of the mental Hospital Vilardebó.[24] And of Agustín Bayá Mosqueira, co-founder of the Bolsa de Comercio de Buenos Aires.[25] Canaveri Esparza's family also was related to Domingo Matheu, godfather of María del Carmen, María de la Candelaria, Mariano Domingo and María Antonia Bayá Canaveris.[26] Cristina Francisca Axa Canaveris, great-granddaughter of Juan Canaveris, was married to Pedro Vicente Acevedo Echevarria, grandson (maternal line) of Vicente Anastasio Echevarría.[27]

Career

Daguerreotype of the Buenos Aires Cabildo. Juan Canaveris had worked about 30 years at the Court of Auditors

Juan Canaveri possibly modify your surname in Buenos Aires as Canavery, a French version of his original surname. In official documents and books records, he was cited as Jugluns de Canaverijs, Canaveris and Canaberis. He had emigrated from the Province of Cuneo, Piedmont to Republic of Genoa in times of Charles Emmanuel III, and settled in France, Provence region (reign of Louis XV), later in Spain and then in Buenos Aires during the reign of Charles III.

In 1776 by order of Charles III was created the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, assuming the office of viceroy Don Pedro Antonio de Cevallos, colonial official who had served as governor of Buenos Aires. In 1777, Cevallos proposed to José de Gálvez, Minister of the Indies, the creation of the Real Tribunal de Cuentas of Buenos Aires.[28] On May 31 of that year Juan Canaveris was appointed to exercise the position of "portero" of the Court of Accounts, institution dedicated to supervise the accounts and the economic management of the viceroyalty.[29] He was employee of the Tribunal de Cuentas until 1794, and returned to work in the court on an interim basis in the years of 1800.[30]

In 1785 Canaveris was employed interim of the Junta Montepío de Ministros, institution created that same year by Royal order, and intended to assist widows and families of government employees.[31] Although the work of "portero" (accounting officer) was not a hierarchical position, Canaveris earned 500 pesos a year. Same amount as a Senior Accountant.[32] The function of "portero" of the Court of Accounts was to perform administrative duties as a clerk officer, in addition to dealing with issues related to the protocol was responsible for the key of the Camara de Sesiones (Chamber of Sections) of the Court.[33] The Contador Mayor of the Court of Auditors in those years was Diego de la Vega, and his notary Tirso Martínez, a well-known government official, born in Astorga, Spain.[34]

In 1792 Canaveris was appointed as attorney-in-fact of Joseph Medianero, a Spanish official who served in the Fuerte de Floridablanca.[35] In 1795, he was appointed as representative of the Protector Guardian of Natural resources and Indians in the village of San Pablo, Capinota Province, Bolivia. In his name he had obtained permission from the viceroyal authorities to build four windmills in a site known as "Cucumí".[36] In 1796 Canaveris was legal representative of Francisco Antonio Maciel to manage the approval, the Diocesan of Buenos Aires, for the construction of a public hospital in Montevideo.[37] In 1798, Juan de Canaveris served as attorney in the Council of Santiago del Estero, on behalf of the elected aldermen of the City Council. Canaveris had presented a writ of grievances in defense of aldermen (Juan Joseph de Erquicia and Juan Joseph de Iramain) to the Viceroy Antonio de Olaguer y Feliú, to avoid annulment the elections, held in that province in July 20, 1796.[38]

Juan Canaveris was also the representative of Sebastiana Esparza and María Eugenia Sánchez Gallanos (his mother-in-law) in matters related to the payment of services rendered to the Spanish monarchs by Miguel Gerónimo de Esparza and Juan Miguel de Esparza, who served as commanders of the Fuerte de Buenos Aires. He also maintained excellent relations with the viceroyal authorities including Manuel Arredondo y Pelegrín and Juan de Dios Salas, the General Commissioner of the provinces of Buenos Aires, Chile, Peru and Santa Fe, Bogotá.[39]

List of personnel of the Court of Accounts during the English Invasions

During the British invasions of the Río de la Plata, the members of the Court of Accounts of Buenos Aires, to which Canaveris belonged, refused to swear an oath to Beresford.[40] Juan Canaveris had participated in secret meetings organized by residents of the city.[41] And collaborated with the money donations organized by the Cabildo of Buenos Aires, chaired by Martín de Alzaga.[42] His sons, José,[43] Mariano, Manuel, and Joaquín participated in the defense of Buenos Aires in the regiments — Quinteros and Labradores, Húsares of Pueyrredón, Cántabros Montañeses and Tercio de Vizcaínos.[44] The Friar Martin Esparza, a relative of Canaveris's wife, was killed by British troops during the second invasion in the interior of Convent of Santo Domingo.[45]

After the reconquest of Buenos Aires the members of the Court of Accounts took part in the dismissal of Rafael de Sobremonte as viceroy of the Río de la Plata.[46]

Canaveris was one of neighbors who attending the open Cabildo of May 22 of 1810 (May Revolution), event that gave rise to the Argentine Republic. He belonged to the moderate group that wanted the cabildo to assume the government until it could be returned to the Spanish Crown.[47] He reproduced the vote of Feliciano Chiclana in favor of dismissing the Viceroy Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros.[48] After issuing his vote, followed the votes of Hilario Ramos, who adhered to the vote of Saavedra, and Justo Pastor Lynch, a supporter of the continuity of Cisneros.[49] The wife of Canaveris, Bernarda de Esparza was a distant relative of Antonio Beruti and Domingo French, two of the leaders of the revolution.[50]

Cabildo Abierto of 1810 by Juan Manuel Blanes

Canaveris was the only Italian who participated in the Open Cabildo of 1810, among illustrious neighbors who attended the May 22 meeting were Juan José Castelli, son of a Venetian doctor; Joaquín Belgrano, Creole of Genoese roots, Hipólito Vieytes, Creole, Juan José Viamonte, of father born in Catalonia, José Merelo y del Pozo, born in Cádiz, Justo Pastor Lynch, of Irish roots, Martín Jacobo Thompson, son of an Englishman, and Andrés de Lezica y de la Torre, belonging to a noble family of Basque and Creole origin.[51]

In 1813 Juan Canaveris was the owner of a farm in the town of San Isidro, their lands were in the vicinity of the hacienda of Miguel de Azcuénaga, personal friend of Canaveris and his family.[52] He also owned lands in the town of Quilmes, being one of the few residents of that town, who had participated in the open cabildo of 1810.[53] Several of his descendants participated in different wars, revolutionary events and civil conflicts in Argentina and Uruguay as Feliciano Canaveris, who took part in Argentine Civil Wars, Tomás Canavery, in the Paraguayan War, Ángel Canavery, Héctor Canavery and Saturnino Canaveri, Conquest of the Desert, Isabelino Canaveris (Uruguayan Civil War) and Camilo Canavery, a lawyer who participated in the Revolution of the Park.[54]

Surname

Coat of arms of the Canaveri family
in 1772 he signed as Juan Antonio Canavero
Towards the year of 1785 he modified his last name in Canave
in 1788 he added the letter "Y" to his original surname
in most of the records of the Viceroyalty he appears signing as Canaveris

It is not clear which was the original surname of Juan Canaveris. In documents belonging to the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, preserved in the Archivo General de la Nación Argentina, he is signing as Juan Antonio Canavero and Juan de Canave (toponymic of Canavese), including a record between Gregorio Ramos Mexía and his wife María Cristina Ross.

In 1784, the Judicial vicar of the Cathedral of Buenos Aires, the doctor Juan Cayetano Fernández de Agüero, rectify the surnames Canavero in the legitimate Jugluns de Canaverijs (Canaveri),[55] a toponymic surname, present in antiquity throughout Piedmont[56] and Southern France, including the regions of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. His maternal surname "Jugluns", is a surname totally unknown in Italy, possibly belonged to a surname of the Western Europe.

Juan Antonio Domingo Jugluns de Canaveris died on August 22, 1822, being buried in the Iglesia de la Merced (Buenos Aires).[57] Bernarda Catalina de Esparza Sánchez died several years later. Through his descendants the blood of the Canaveris was linked to other distinguished families of colonial Buenos Aires such as the Peralta Ramos, Warnes[58] and Terry's.[59]

Others of their descendants were linked with people of diverse origins like Sara Bustos Canaveris, married to Enrique Yateman Carranza, son of Enrique Yateman, born in Virginia.[60] And Blanca Canaveris Panelo who was married to Saturnino Soriano Nazar Newton, whose maternal ancestors Francis William Reynolds and Richard Blake Newton came from London and Surrey.[61]

In the mid and late 19th century they arrived at the port of Buenos Aires, at least four or five families with the surname Canaveri and Canaveris, without any relationship with the family of Juan Canaveris and Bernarda Catalina Esparza,[62] including the family of Eliseo Canaveri, president of the Bolsa de Cereales of Buenos Aires in 1910.[63]

Part of their descendants maintained the European traditions of their ancestors, establishing (until 1930) itself in metropolitan and rural areas of the province of Buenos Aires, including Adrogué, Almirante Brown, Arrecifes, Avellaneda, Azul,[64]Bahía Blanca, Banfield, Bragado, Burzaco, Cañuelas, Carmen de Areco, Chacabuco, La Plata, Lincoln,[65] Llavallol, Lomas de Zamora, Maipú, Mercedes,[66] Navarro, Pergamino, Puan, Quilmes, Ramallo, Salto, San Antonio de Areco, San Nicolás de los Arroyos, Temperley and Veinticinco de Mayo.[67]

Other descendants of the family Juan Canaveris and Bernarda de Esparza were established (by labor issues) in other points of the Argentine Republic, like La Pampa Province, Río Gallegos,[68] Rosario and Trelew.[69] Some of his grandsons and granddaughters[70] had lived until about the year 1900.[71]

References

  1. ↑ Revista de historia del derecho, Número 21, Instituto de Investigaciones de Historia del Derecho
  2. ↑ Nuevo diccionario biografico argentino: (1750-1930), Vicente Osvaldo Cutolo
  3. ↑ Actas capitulares de Santiago del. Estero:, Ricardo Levene
  4. ↑ Ensayo historico sobre la revolucion de mayo y Mariano Moreno:, Ricardo Levene
  5. ↑ Cuarto Congreso Internacional de Historia de América:
  6. ↑ Notaio Canaveri Gabriele Maria, Archivio di Stato di Torino
  7. ↑ Inventaire sommaire des Archives départementales antérieures à 1790, Archives départementales des Bouches-du-Rhône
  8. ↑ Catálogo de los buques llegados al Río de la Plata: 1700-1775, Jose Maria Mariluz Urquijo
  9. ↑ Documentos para la historia Argentina, Volumen 12, Argentina
  10. ↑ La dinámica mercantil de las mujeres rioplatenses frente al resquebrajamiento del Antiguo Régimen (1806-1810) (PDF), Aguirrezabala, Marcela Silvia - Universidad Nacional del Sur
  11. ↑ Catálogo de documentos del Archivo de Indias en Sevilla:, República Argentina
  12. ↑ Los vascos en América:, Fundación Vasco-Argentina Juan de Garay
  13. ↑ Consulado de Buenos Aires, Volumen 2, Río de la Plata (Viceroyalty) Consulado, Héctor C. Quesada
  14. ↑ Defunciones 1785-1816, Nuestra Señora de La Merced
  15. ↑ Archivo del doctor Juan María Gutiérrez, Juan María Gutiérrez, Biblioteca del Congreso de la Nación (Argentina)
  16. ↑ Boletín interno, Issues 51-59; Issues 61-90, Instituto Argentino de Ciencias Genealógicas
  17. ↑ Il lavoro degli italiani nella Republica Argentina, dal 1516 al 1910:, Emilio Zuccarini
  18. ↑ Bautismos 1775-1791, Nuestra Señora de La Merced
  19. ↑ Matrimonios 1809-1823, Catedral de Buenos Aires
  20. ↑ Genealogía, Issues 13-15, Instituto Argentino de Ciencias Genealógicas, archived from the original on 2017-04-21
  21. ↑ Territorio y población, Volumen 12, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas
  22. ↑ Fundadores de Capellanias, Patrimonios y Obras Pias en Buenos Aires (1600-1820) (PDF), Ernesto Saguier
  23. ↑ Historia, Issues 25-33, 1963
  24. ↑ Pedro Visca: fundador de la clínica médica en el Uruguay, s.n., 1983 - Physicians
  25. ↑ Bodas de oro de La Bolsa de Comercio, Caras y Caretas
  26. ↑ Bautismos 1801-1811, Nuestra Señora de La Merced
  27. ↑ Nobiliario del antiguo virreynato del Río de la Plata, Carlos Calvo
  28. ↑ Don Pedro de Cevallos, Enrique M. Barba
  29. ↑ Astigiani nella Pampa: l'emigrazione dal Piemonte, dal Monferrato e dalla provincia di Asti in Argentina, Giancarlo Libert
  30. ↑ Vida forense y administrativa en el virreinato del Río de la Plata, Alberto David Leiva
  31. ↑ Revista de historia del derecho, Volumen 15, Instituto de Investigaciones de Historia del Derecho
  32. ↑ Revista de historia del derecho, Volumen 15, Instituto de Investigaciones de Historia del Derecho
  33. ↑ Leyes y Decretos promulgados en la Provincia de Buenos Aires desde 1810 a 1876 . Tomo 1, Aurelio Prado y Rojas
  34. ↑ Historia: revista bi-mensual, Volumen 1, Cabaut y Cía
  35. ↑ Quiénes colonizaron la Patagonia en el siglo XVIII, Lucio Barba Ruiz
  36. ↑ Tomas de razón de despachos militares, cédulas de premio, retiros, empleos civiles y eclesiásticos, donativos, etc., 1740 a 1821, Archivo General de la Nación (Argentina)
  37. ↑ Memoria historica del Hospital de Caridad de Montevideo: desde su fundacion, Isidoro De-María
  38. ↑ Actas capitulares de Santiago del Estero: 1792 a 1805 (v5), Ricardo Levene
  39. ↑ Catálogo de nombres y materias : fichero general, 1544-1880, Archivo General de la Nación
  40. ↑ Los Marinos en las invasiones inglesas, Laurio Hedelvio Destéfani
  41. ↑ Ensayo histórico sobre la revolución de mayo y Mariano Moreno:, Ricardo Levene
  42. ↑ Documentos relativos a la actuación de Martín de Alzaga en la reconquista y en la defensa de Buenos Aires (1806-1807), Enrique Williams Alzaga
  43. ↑ Invasiones inglesas al Río de la Plata 1806-1807, Marcos de Estrada
  44. ↑ Todo es historia, Issues 450-461 (PDF), Todo es Historia, 2005
  45. ↑ Las Invasiones Inglesas, Isaac Pearson
  46. ↑ Historia de la República Argentina en el siglo XIX, Enrique de Gandía
  47. ↑ La Revolución de Mayo, Volume 2, Enrique C. Corbellini
  48. ↑ colección de obras y documentos para la historia argentina, Pedro de Angelis
  49. ↑ Biblioteca de Mayo:, Argentina. Parlamento. Senado
  50. ↑ Genealogía, hombres de mayo, Instituto Argentino de Ciencias Genealógicas
  51. ↑ Historia argentina y americana:, A. Estrada y cía., s.a., 1940
  52. ↑ Documentos eclesiásticos y civiles de San Isidro: siglos XVIII y XIX, Aldo Abel Beliera, Instituto Argentino de Ciencias Genealógicas, archived from the original on 2017-04-21
  53. ↑ Historia de Quilmes desde sus orígenes hasta 1941, José Alcides Craviotto
  54. ↑ Crotto: historia de una ingratitud, Ernesto Quiroga Micheo, Ernesto Raúl Quiroga Vergara
  55. ↑ Matrimonios 1760-1808, Catedral de Buenos Aires
  56. ↑ Storia di Bra: Le trasformazioni della città, l'Ancien Régime, L'artistica, 2007
  57. ↑ Defunciones 1816-1849, Nuestra Señora de La Merced
  58. ↑ Nobiliario del antiguo virreynato del Río de la Plata ..., Carlos Calvo
  59. ↑ Revista del Instituto de Estudios Genealógicos del Uruguay, Volumes 5-6, El Instituto,
  60. ↑ Bautismos 1899-1901, Parroquia San Nicolás de Bari
  61. ↑ Boletín del Instituto Argentino de Ciencias Genealógicas, Número 180, Instituto Argentino de Ciencias Genealógicas
  62. ↑ Cemla (buscador), Centro de Estudios Migratorios Latinoamericanos
  63. ↑ Memoria e informe, Bolsa de Cereales de Buenos Aires
  64. ↑ Registro nacional de la República argentina, Part 1, República Argentina
  65. ↑ Argentina, National Census, 1895, República Argentina
  66. ↑ Bautismos 1848-1859, Catedral Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes
  67. ↑ Diario de sesiones, República Argentina
  68. ↑ Registro nacional de la República argentina, Parte 3, República Argentina
  69. ↑ Trelew: 1886-1903, Matthew Henry Jones
  70. ↑ Argentina, National Census, 1895, República Argentina
  71. ↑ Argentina, National Census, 1895, República Argentina
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