Heze

Heze
菏泽市
Prefecture-level city

Location of Heze City jurisdiction in Shandong
Country People's Republic of China
Province Shandong
County-level divisions 9
Township-level divisions 158
Municipal seat Mudan District
(35°14′N 115°26′E / 35.233°N 115.433°E / 35.233; 115.433)
Government
 • Mayor Sun Aijun (孙爱军)
Area
 • Prefecture-level city 12,239 km2 (4,726 sq mi)
 • Urban 1,416 km2 (547 sq mi)
 • Metro 1,416 km2 (547 sq mi)
Population (2010 census)
 • Prefecture-level city 8,287,693
 • Density 680/km2 (1,800/sq mi)
 • Urban 1,346,717
 • Urban density 950/km2 (2,500/sq mi)
 • Metro 1,346,717
 • Metro density 950/km2 (2,500/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code 274000
Area code(s) 0530
ISO 3166 code CN-SD-17
Licence plate prefixes 鲁R
Heze
Traditional Chinese 菏澤
Simplified Chinese 菏泽
Former names
Caozhou
Chinese 曹州
Postal Tsaochow

Heze, formerly known as Caozhou, is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Shandong, China. It is home to 8,287,693 inhabitants, of whom 1,346,717 live in the built-up area around the seat of government in Mudan District.[1] The westernmost prefecture-level city in Shandong, it borders Jining to the east and the provinces of Henan and Anhui to the west and south respectively.

Name

In Chinese, the name of the city is sometimes miswritten as "荷澤", owing to the similarity of the characters.

History

Caozhou was at the center of the Nian Rebellion during the 1850s and 60s.

In August 1949, Heze was detached from Shandong and given to the experimental province of Pingyuan. It returned to Shandong just over three years later.

In April 1953, Heze and Jining gained counties from the former prefecture of Huxi after its abolishment.

Geography

Heze has a monsoon-influenced climate that lies between the humid subtropical and humid continental zones (Köppen Cwa/Dwa), with four well-defined seasons. The city is warm and nearly rainless in spring, hot and humid in summer, crisp in autumn and cold and dry in winter. The mean annual temperature is 13.74 °C (56.7 °F), with the monthly 24-hour average temperature ranging from −0.9 °C (30.4 °F) in January to 26.8 °C (80.2 °F) in July. Nearly 70% of the annual precipitation occurs from June to September. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 48% in July to 60% in May, the city receives 2,411 hours of bright sunshine annually.

Climate data for Heze (1971–2000)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.2
(64.8)		 23.2
(73.8)		 28.5
(83.3)		 33.7
(92.7)		 38.1
(100.6)		 42.0
(107.6)		 41.8
(107.2)		 38.4
(101.1)		 36.0
(96.8)		 32.7
(90.9)		 26.8
(80.2)		 20.6
(69.1)		 42
(107.6)
Average high °C (°F) 4.4
(39.9)		 7.3
(45.1)		 13.3
(55.9)		 21.3
(70.3)		 26.5
(79.7)		 31.2
(88.2)		 31.4
(88.5)		 30.4
(86.7)		 26.5
(79.7)		 21.1
(70)		 13.4
(56.1)		 6.4
(43.5)		 19.4
(67.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) −0.9
(30.4)		 1.7
(35.1)		 7.3
(45.1)		 14.9
(58.8)		 20.3
(68.5)		 25.3
(77.5)		 26.8
(80.2)		 25.6
(78.1)		 20.8
(69.4)		 14.7
(58.5)		 7.3
(45.1)		 1.0
(33.8)		 13.7
(56.7)
Average low °C (°F) −4.7
(23.5)		 −2.4
(27.7)		 2.5
(36.5)		 9.4
(48.9)		 14.6
(58.3)		 19.9
(67.8)		 23.0
(73.4)		 21.9
(71.4)		 16.5
(61.7)		 10.0
(50)		 3.0
(37.4)		 −2.9
(26.8)		 9.2
(48.6)
Record low °C (°F) −20.4
(−4.7)		 −15.6
(3.9)		 −11.3
(11.7)		 −4.4
(24.1)		 3.8
(38.8)		 10.2
(50.4)		 15.4
(59.7)		 12.1
(53.8)		 4.8
(40.6)		 −1.3
(29.7)		 −12.9
(8.8)		 −17.5
(0.5)		 −20.4
(−4.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 8.4
(0.331)		 10.1
(0.398)		 23.7
(0.933)		 30.6
(1.205)		 49.6
(1.953)		 75.6
(2.976)		 166.5
(6.555)		 129.3
(5.091)		 64.1
(2.524)		 39.3
(1.547)		 17.4
(0.685)		 10.1
(0.398)		 624.7
(24.596)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 2.6 3.7 5.3 5.7 6.6 8.0 11.8 9.0 7.2 6.0 4.3 3.6 73.8
Average relative humidity (%) 68 64 63 63 66 65 80 83 77 73 71 69 70
Mean monthly sunshine hours 159.0 151.2 191.9 226.8 257.7 252.1 213.3 217.5 204.4 206.6 173.7 156.8 2,411
Percent possible sunshine 51 49 52 58 60 58 48 53 55 59 56 52 54
Source: [2][3]

Administration

The prefecture-level city of Heze administers nine county-level divisions. The municipal executive, legislature and judiciary are in Mudan District (牡丹区), together with CPC and Public Security bureaux.

There are two districts and seven counties:

These are further divided into 158 township-level divisions.

Map

Demographics

According to the government numbers released in 1995, there are about 800,000 people living in this area.

Transportation

Economy

Heze is the largest center in China for the cultivation of the "national flower" peony, after which the Mudan District was named. Over 30% of its GDP comes from the sale of peony.

References

  1. ↑ "China: Shāndōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
  2. ↑ "Climate: Heze". climate-data.org. Retrieved 17 January 2017.
  3. ↑ "Heze, Shandong Monthly Climate Average, China". worldweatheronline.com. Retrieved 17 January 2017.
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