Henry Cromwell, 2nd Baron Cromwell

Henry Cromwell, 2nd Baron Cromwell
Born Henry Cromwell
1538
Lewes, Sussex
Died 20 November 1592 (aged 5354)
Launde Abbey, Leicestershire
Resting place Launde Abbey Chapel
52°37′52″N 0°49′23″W / 52.631111°N 0.823056°W / 52.631111; -0.823056
Title 2nd Baron Cromwell
Tenure 1551–1592
Known for Son of Gregory Cromwell, 1st Baron Cromwell
Nationality English
Residence Launde Abbey
Locality Leicestershire
Successor Edward Cromwell, 3rd Baron Cromwell
Spouse(s) Mary Paulet
Issue Edward Cromwell, 3rd Baron Cromwell
Gregory Cromwell
Katherine Cromwell
Parents Gregory Cromwell, 1st Baron Cromwell
Elizabeth Seymour

Henry Cromwell, 2nd Baron Cromwell of Oakham (before 21 May 1538[1] – 20 November 1592[2]) was an English peer. He was the eldest son and heir of Gregory Cromwell, 1st Baron Cromwell of Oakham and Elizabeth Seymour, daughter to John Seymour of Wolf Hall, Wiltshire and Margery Wentworth, sister to Jane Seymour, third wife of Henry VIII.[3]

Family and early life

Henry Cromwell was born in Lewes, Sussex in 1538 in the former Cluniac Priory of St. Pancras, that had been acquired by his grandfather Thomas Cromwell.[4][6]

Cromwell's mother, Elizabeth married three times. She married firstly, in 1531, Anthony Ughtred, governor of Jersey, by whom she had two children:[7][8][9]

In 1537, three years after death of Anthony Ughtred in October 1534, she married Gregory Cromwell, the son of Thomas Cromwell and 1st Baron Cromwell. The couple had three sons and two daughters:[2][7][13]

  • Henry Cromwell, 2nd Baron Cromwell, (1538–1592)
  • Edward Cromwell, (1539 – died young)
  • Thomas Cromwell, (c. 1540 – 1611), educated at St John's College, Cambridge. Married, August 1580, Katherine (died 1615/1616), daughter of Thomas Gardner of Coxford, 5 sons, 4 daughters.
  • Katherine or Catherine Cromwell, (c. 1541 – ) wife of Sir John Strode of Parnham, Dorset, son of Robert Strode and Elizabeth Hody, had six sons
  • Frances Cromwell (c. 1544 – 7 February 1562) married Richard Strode of Newnham, Devon, son of William Strode of Newnham and Elizabeth Courtenay, on 11 November 1560 at Compton, Hampshire, they had one son, William Strode

Gregory Cromwell died suddenly of the sweating sickness on 4 July 1551 leaving his heir, Henry, a minor at thirteen years of age.[2][4] His widow went on to marry, in 1554, as her third and last husband, John Paulet, lord St John (later 2nd Marquess of Winchester). She died 19 March 1568, and was buried 5 April[14] at Basing, Hampshire.[15]

Henry Cromwell was educated at St. John's College Cambridge, where he matriculated in 1553. He may have been admitted to Lincoln's Inn, 7 March 1557.[16]

Peerage

Henry's grandfather, Thomas Cromwell, had been created Baron Cromwell of Wimbledon and Earl of Essex as a reward for his service as chief minister to Henry VIII, but he had lost those titles by attainder in June 1540.[17] On 18 December 1540, his son Gregory was created 1st Baron Cromwell of Oakham. This title was a new creation rather than a restoration of his father's forfeited barony.[18] Henry succeeded his father as the second Baron Cromwell under that creation. A minor at his father's premature death, he was first summoned to Parliament in 1563[2]

Marriage and issue

Cromwell married, before 1560, Mary Paulet, (c. 1540[19] – 10 October 1592), the daughter of his stepfather John Paulet, 2nd Marquess of Winchester and his first wife Elizabeth Willoughby,[2] and by her had issue:[2]

Death

Cromwell's wife, Mary died at North Elmham, Norfolk, 10 October 1592, and was buried, on 23 October, at Launde Abbey Leicestershire.[2] He died shortly after his wife, on 20 November at North Elmham, Norfolk, 1592 and was buried, on 4 December, in the chapel at Launde Abbey, Launde, Leicestershire.[2][26]

References

  1. CPR Elizabeth I, 1: 1558–1560, p. 73 Henry was 21 before 21 May 1559.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Cokayne III 1913, p. 558.
  3. Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry III 2011, pp. 111–112.
  4. 1 2 3 Hawkyard 1982.
  5. CPR Elizabeth I, 1: 1558–1560, p. 73 Henry was 21 before 21 May 1559.
  6. His parents, who were married 3 August 1537, were in Lewes from April 1538 until 1539, when they took up residence in Leeds Castle, Kent.[5][4] Gregory Cromwell wrote to his wife at Leeds Castle, from Calais in December 1539, "I am, thanks be to God, in good health, trusting shortly to hear from you like news, as well of yourself as also my little boys, of whose increase and towardness be you assured I am not a little desirous to be advertised." Henry was born in 1538 and his brother, Edward in 1539.Wood II 1846, pp. 357–358
  7. 1 2 Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry III 2011, p. 111.
  8. Thornton 2012, p. 71.
  9. 1 2 Flower 1881, p. 146.
  10. Syvret 1832, pp. 60–61, Henry Ughtred was one year old when his father died in October 1534.
  11. Colby 1872, p. 76.
  12. Cokayne IV 1916, pp. 332–333.
  13. Noble 1784, pp. 8–9.
  14. College of Arms 2012, p. 63.
  15. Cokayne III 1913, p. 558.
  16. Venn 1922, p. 422.
  17. Cokayne III 1913, p. 557.
  18. Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic, Henry VIII, 16, 379-34.
  19. "Sir John Paulet, 2nd Marquess of Winchester, 2nd Earl of Wiltshire, 2nd Lord St. John, Sheriff of Hampshire, Somersetshire, & Dorsetshire". Our Royal, Titled, Noble, and Commoner Ancestors & Cousins. Our-royal-titled-noble-and-commoner-ancestors.com. Retrieved 2013-12-08.
  20. Burke 1831, pp. 152–153.
  21. Shaw II 1906, p. 96.
  22. Lee 1888, pp. 151–152.
  23. Carthew 1878, p. 522, 524, Gregory Cromwell is listed in his father's will.
  24. Shaw II 1906, p. 102.
  25. Cokayne 1900, p. 18.
  26. Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry I 2011, p. 605.

Bibliography

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Peerage of England
Preceded by
Gregory Cromwell
Baron Cromwell
1551–1592
Succeeded by
Edward Cromwell
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