List of fictional elements, materials, isotopes and subatomic particles

This list contains fictional chemical elements, materials, isotopes or subatomic particles that either a) play a major role in a notable work of fiction, b) are common to several unrelated works, or c) are discussed in detail by independent sources.

Fictional elements and materials

Name Source Uses
Adamant / Adamantine Greek mythology As a noun, adamant has long been used to designate any impenetrably or unyieldingly hard substance and, formerly, a legendary stone/rock or mineral of impenetrable hardness and with many other properties, often identified with diamond or lodestone.[1] The English word is used both as a noun and an adjective and is derived from the Latin: adamans, adamantem [accusative] referring to the property of impregnable, diamondlike hardness, or to describe a very firm/resolute position, itself from the Greek word adamastos meaning untameable. Diamond is also derived from the same word. Adamant and the literary form adamantine (utilising the suffix -ine meaning 'of the nature of' or 'made of') occur in many works. In mythology Kronos was said to have used an adamantine sickle to castrate his father Uranus; in Prometheus Bound, Prometheus is bound to the rocks "in adamantine bonds infrangible",[2] in Virgil's Aeneid (in which the gates of Tartarus are protected by columns of solid adamantine) and in Paradise Lost, in which adamant and adamantine are mentioned eight times to describe the gates of hell, Satan's shield, fallen angel's armour and Satan's chains. In fiction Adamant is referred to in The Faerie Queene, Gulliver's Travels, A Midsummer Night's Dream, The Lord of the Rings, His Dark Materials trilogy, and the games Final Fantasy and RuneScape and many more besides. Adamantine is referred to in the film Forbidden Planet (as "adamantine steel"), in many books such as Mary Shelley's Mathilda, and Mark Twain's The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, as well as many games including Dungeons & Dragons. The word adamant is used as the basis for other fictional materials such as Adamantium (see below), Adamantite (see below), Adamantle (from the Sims), and Adiamante (from L. E. Modesitt Jr.'s 1996 novel of the same name).
Adamantite Numerous works A metal ore that appears in a number of fictional universes. In Final Fantasy it is a material used to create armour, its source being from another world and its properties including being able to contain great amounts of energy. In World of Warcraft, it is an uncommon ore used to produce weapons and armour of uncommon, rare and epic grade. In the Dark Elf book series by Salvatore set in the Dungeons & Dragons universe it is used to create drow weaponry. It is also used for armour in The Elder Scrolls III, and in the game Terraria it is a red ore used to produce armour and other items besides. The word is an extension of the English noun and adjective adamant (see entry above) adding the suffix '-ite' which is often used to form the names of minerals.
Adamantium Marvel Comics A fictional metal alloy that appears in the Marvel Universe, first appearing in Marvel Comics' Avengers #66 (July 1969), by writer Roy Thomas and artists Barry Windsor-Smith and Syd Shores. Although it is first presented as part of the character Ultron's outer shell,[3] it is best known as the substance bonded to the character Wolverine's skeleton and claws.[4][5][6] The defining quality of adamantium is its practical indestructibility. Adamantium is not depicted as being a naturally occurring metal but rather as having been inadvertently invented by the fictional American metallurgist Dr. Myron MacLain in an attempt to recreate his prior discovery, a unique alloy of steel and vibranium. Despite its potential applications in armament and armature, adamantium is rarely used due to its high cost and inability to be reshaped. Other forms of adamantium of varying durability are mentioned within the Marvel Universe, including Secondary Adamantium, Adamantium Beta and Carbonadium.[7] Aside from Ultron's outer shell and Wolverine's skeleton and claws, Adamantium is associated with a number of other characters and implements including, but not limited to, Bullseye's spinal column, certain iterations of Captain America's shield[8] and Lady Deathstrike's skeleton and talons. The word is an extension of the English noun and adjective adamant (see entry above) adding the Neo-Latin '-ium' to denote a metallic name. Adamantium is also used in the Games Workshop universe of Warhammer 40000 and the MMORPG Maplestory.
Administratium Scientific in-joke First referenced in a 1989 issue of The Physics Teacher.[9] It was apparently discovered by the fictional Thomas Kyle, who was awarded an Ig Nobel Prize for physics for his discovery,[10] and it is a parody on bureaucracy of scientific establishments and on descriptions of newly discovered chemical elements.
Administrontium Scientific in-joke Similar to Administratium and a variation of the joke. It was referenced in a 1993 print.[11]
Aether Magic: The Gathering A powerful substance in the MtG multiverse that is found on every plane, but abundant on the plane of Kaladesh. It is part of the "aethercycle", similar to the water cycle, and can be used to power everything from bikes to colossuses. That is, after it is purified using the new distillation process which separates pure aether and its volatile counterpart, aetherflux.

In the MMORPG Final Fantasy XIV, Aether is one of the principle elements of life and magic in the world.

Arsonium I Expect You to Die A green liquid with the symbol Ar and the atomic number 7 that makes a compound that is corrosive to copper when mixed with Galine and Sanite, and a compound that produces clouds when exposed to air when mixed with Regalite.
Atium Mistborn book series A metal that forms the body and power of the shard Ruin. If an Allomancer burns the metal, it allows the user to see a few seconds into the future as a ghostly image overlaid on the present. This allows the user to gain a significant advantage in combat, as it allow them to know every move their opponent will make. This is cancelled out if the opponent burns atium or electrum themselves, as it causes a feedback loop and causes the user to see a mess of possible futures. It is extremely valuable in the Final Empire, as it is both very rare and hoarded by the Lord Ruler. The only place it is found is in the pits of Hathsin, where small nuggets are formed in geodes mined by slaves. Using allomany near the crystals that form the geodes destroys them. When used by a Feruchemist, it allows them to store age and, if compounded, can result in a complete stop of ageing. Its name comes from the holder of the shard, Ati. in the Wax and Wayne era, no samples exist and it is referred to as 'the lost metal'. It forms the allow Malatium, also known as the eleventh metal, a metal that allows the user to see past versions of other people. A misting that burns atium is known as a seer. Hemalurgic effects are unknown.
Australium Team Fortress 2 An extremely valuable element appearing in Team Fortress 2 by Valve. In-game, it appears as a special type of weapon, and as the fuel for the rocket in the map SD_Doomsday in the Special Delivery game mode. In the bonus comics featured on the Team Fortress website, their role is fleshed out more; The Life-Extending machines used by The Administrator, Blutarch, Redmond, and Gray Mann are powered by Australium, and a large part of the plot revolves around hiding the vast stores of Australium [12] Their role in the story is that the material, found in Australia, hence the name Australium, makes one smarter over time, but at the cost of increasing 'manliness and beard levels' in those who use it. As mentioned above, the name comes from the country of Australia and the Neo-Latin '-ium' used to denote a metallic name.
Bavarium Just Cause 3 Discovered by Medici's tyrannical ruler Sebastiano Di Ravello in the late 1980s, Bavarium is referred to as a "supermineral" in reference to its near-infinite potential. Exclusive to Medici, Bavarium is at the core of much of the country's experimental weaponry and equipment- which, as of the Bavarium Sea Heist DLC, includes gravitational manipulators and personal force fields -as well as a major export; Di Ravello is able to use it as a bargaining chip when dealing with the Agency. In-game, Bavarium- in its refined form, at least -is shown to be highly volatile and prone to large, violent explosions- a small Bavarium-based charge is capable of instantly destroying all but the largest of the game's Chaos Objects.
Bolognium / Bolonium Various sources A metallic element with variable properties; a substitute for any unspecified substance or element; or in science fiction writing, a substance or process invented to circumvent explanation or impossibility. A humorous story from 1926 about the development of alloys for special purposes, describes Bolognium as a metallic element with properties similar to Gafnium, with which it forms alloys impervious to attacks by mice.[13] Bolognium may also refer to any unspecified substance or element: "if not oil then beryllium, and if not beryllium then bolognium",[14] "don't worry about whether it is mercury or lead or cadmium or 'bolognium'."[15] Noted science fiction writer David Gerrold attributes the use of the term in science fiction writing to Larry Niven, the author of Ringworld, who used it to describe imaginary materials or processes capable of explaining properties unachievable through known or scientifically-postulated means. In Worlds of Wonder, Gerrold describes two examples from Ringworld: "scrith", a substance strong enough to be used for the construction of a ring one hundred and eighty million miles in diameter, and a character deliberately bred for the property of luck. Gerrold refers to bolognium as "technobabble", and cautions writers against overusing it, or using it carelessly, as doing so undermines the illusion of reality upon which good science fiction relies.[16] The term itself has appeared in episodes of The Simpsons, in which Bolognium, atomic symbol Bo, appears in the place of Molybdenum, atomic number 42, on promotional copies of the periodic table produced by Oscar Mayer (its atomic weight is "delicious" or "snacktacular"),[17] and in Futurama, where Cubert Farnsworth exclaims, "your explanations are pure weapons-grade bolognium!"[18] Although most references to Bolognium are intentionally humorous, in Star Trek: The Eugenics Wars, Greg Cox refers to the "bolognium shielding" of Klingon warp nacelles.[19]
Bombastium Disney[20] Originally appearing in Uncle Scrooge #17 (1957) by Carl Barks, Bombastium is stated to be the rarest element in the world. Even though it is very coveted, its usage potential is not entirely known. One characteristic is that it tastes different every time one tries it, and scientists eventually discovered that one atom of bombastium dropped into a barrel of water becomes one barrel of ice cream: a different flavor of ice cream each time. To avoid evaporation, bombastium must be kept frozen.[21] In the story, when this totally new element was discovered Scrooge tries to secure the entire supply – a ball of “Bombastium” approximately the size of a large turnip. Terrified that his acquisition will melt before he can make a profit, Scrooge drags Donald Duck and his nephews on a voyage to the South Pole to safeguard his investment, but he has not reckoned on the ruthless determination of the Brutopian agents he outbid to achieve it.[22] Bombastium represents a play on words (bomb and bombastic) that negotiates Cold War hysteria surrounding the arms race and the threat of Armageddon provoked by the development of the H-bomb.[21] Barks's tale is also grounded in fears. The substance is later used in the Duck Tales series.
Bureaucratium Scientific in-joke Similar to Administratium and variation of the joke. In this version of the joke, Bureaucratium is an element which has a negative half-life, becoming more massive and sluggish as time goes by.
Byzanium Raise the Titanic![23] Byzanium is a fictional element within the book Raise the Titanic! and its film adaptation, which serves as a main focus of the story arc. It is a powerful radioactive material sought after by both the Americans and Russians for use as either an energy source for a missile defense system or an atomic superbomb. The largest known natural source of Byzanium was on the island of Novaya Zemlya, which was mined in the early 20th century and supposedly taken aboard the ill-fated RMS Titanic during her first and only voyage.
Cobalt Thorium G[24][25] Dr. Strangelove, Big Guy and Rusty the Boy Robot In Dr. Strangelove it is an element used in the Russians' doomsday device. Both (real) elements Cobalt and Thorium can be used in atomic weapons to increase the amount of dangerous nuclear fallout, which agrees with the sense in which "Cobalt Thorium G" is used in the movie.

In the "Wages of Fire" episode of Big Guy and Rusty the Boy Robot, it is revealed that the BGY-11 is powered by a Cobalt Thorium G power core.

Carbonadium Marvel Comics In the Marvel Comics universe, Carbonadium is a form of Adamantium that is developed the USSR and used by the villain Omega Red, whose retractable metal tentacles are composed of the radioactive metal alloy. Carbonadium is nearly as strong as Adamantium, but more flexible. It is also used in the armor suit of Moon Knight in the third series of that comic.
Cavorite The First Men in the Moon In the H.G. Wells novel, a metal created by the physicist Cavor which has the property of blocking gravity waves. This makes his space vehicle selectively immune to the pull of gravity, allowing it to choose which heavenly bodies it may or may not fall towards via the opening or sliding of outer hull Cavorite "windows or blinds". This steers, accelerates and decelerates the spacecraft, dependent on available gravitational forces, somewhat analogous to a "tacking" behavior of a sailed ship.
Chlorophyte Terraria A bright-green metal found deep beneath the jungle, implied to be the toughest ore that can be mined from the ground (only being topped by Luminite, a material dropped by the final boss). As the name suggests, Chlorophyte holds various plant-themed properties, and can be used to craft armor and weapons that harness the powers of plants. It can be combined with glowing mushrooms to create Shroomite, a blue fungi-themed version of the same metal used in ranged weapons and armor, or with ectoplasm to create Spectre Bars, a glowing ghost-themed metal used in various magical weapons and mage armor.
Chronoton Numerous works From Greek: Χρόνος (Chronos, "time") + -ον (on, "elementary particle"). Alternate spellings: "chroniton." Associated with manipulating or traveling through time in Star Trek, as well as in Futurama, where it also has rejuvenation effects. A chronoton bomb in Teen Titans destroys chronotons in a given area, stopping that area's progression through time. A "chroniton rifle" is the most powerful weapon in Jets 'N' Guns. The material has also been featured in Mighty Morphin Power Rangers.
Collapsium The Terro-Human Future History, The Collapsium Collapsium was first mentioned by H. Beam Piper in his Terro-Human Future History series. Piper describes it as "the electron shells of the atoms collapsed upon the nuclei, the atoms in actual contact."[26] Collapsium can only be worked by abrasion with cosmic rays. It is resistant to both ordinary matter projectiles and all forms of radiation, and can be plated on to ordinary steel to form a protective layer. The main use for collapsium is as armor for spacecraft.

A different version of collapsium appeared in Wil McCarthy's novel The Collapsium. McCarthy's collapsium is composed of black holes and can be used to warp space and time in accordance with the wishes of its inventor.[27]

Corrodium Ben 10 A high energy and very unpredictable mineral collected by Thep Khufans naturally not found on Earth and can mutate any living thing when exposed.
Dalekanium Doctor Who (introduced in The Dalek Invasion of Earth) A fictitious bonded polycarbide material from the Daleks' homeworld of Skaro that is, among other things, a powerful but unstable explosive that will even affect the Daleks' body casings (and, ironically, is also the material used in the makeup of said body casings).
Dilithium Star Trek Although dilithium (Li2) does exist as a molecule composed of two covalently bonded lithium atoms, a different substance is referred to in fiction. In the Star Trek fictional universe, dilithium is a material occurring in crystalline form which serves as a controlling agent in the matter-antimatter reaction cores used to power the faster-than-light warp drive propulsion. In the original series, dilithium crystals were rare and could not be replicated, making the search for them a recurring plot element. It has been noted that when the crystals appeared in the original series they looked much like petalite,[28] an important ore of lithium. The use of the name dilithium has led to speculation as to whether it is meant to be an isotope of lithium or a compound with two lithium atoms.[28] However, according to a periodic table shown during a Next Generation episode, it is shown as an element with the chemical symbol Dt and the atomic number 87, which in reality belongs to francium.
Divinium (E115) Call of Duty series An extraterrestrial element found in meteorites. The German research team Group 935 discovered it in northern France in 1918 where zombified Christian knights infected the research team. Seen throughout the 'Zombies' storyline, it powers energy weapons, zombifies (and in some cases mutates) humans, increases the abilities of humans, can bend time and space, and alters firearms. E115 is used in some way, form, or fashion by the German Empire, Nazi Germany, and the Soviet Union, creating zombies every time. In real life, element 115 is moscovium and is highly unstable, lasting only seconds before decaying radioactively.
Duranium Star Trek The fictional metal duranium was referred to in many episodes of Star Trek as extremely hard alloys used in starship hulls and hand-held tools.
Durium Lensman The fictional synthetic metal durium has a higher moment of inertia than regular materials. It takes more work move or stop moving than other objects of the same mass.
Dust RWBY In the anime series RWBY, Dust is a naturally occurring, crystalline energy source found in the world of Remnant that can be activated by the Aura of Humans and Faunus. This material comes in a variety of types, each with different properties such as fire, ice, wind, gravity, etc. While there are four main kinds, these can be blended naturally or artificially to create new kinds. While crystalline dust is stable enough to remain out in the open, powdered Dust is highly volatile, and must be stored in special containers for safety. Dust has a variety of uses, including acting as a power source for machinery such as airships and robots. Dust may also be used for combat in the form of dust-filled bullets, as powder placed inside weapons and clothing, or in its crystalline form for raw power. Dust will stop functioning if it is taken outside of the atmosphere of Remnant, meaning it may not be used for space travel. In the series, most of Remnant's supply of this material comes from the Schnee Dust Company, which mines, purifies, and exports the material throughout the world.
Etherium Magic: The Gathering Etherium is a magical Aether-infused alloy found on Esper, one of the five shards of the plane of Alara.[29] Most of Esper's inhabitants have parts of their body replaced by etherium.[30] It is also used to craft artifacts like the Filigree texts, sacred texts worked in etherium containing the Vedalken’s accumulated knowledge.[31]
Element Zero (0-Ez) Mass Effect Element Zero, or "Eezo", is naturally created within dying stars and harvested from supernovas. This material is used to generate the mass effect fields of many advanced technologies in the Mass Effect universe. Applying a positive or negative charge to this substance reduces or increases the mass of any objects within the emission field. Also found in organics, and the source of biotic abilities. Nodules forming throughout the bodies of most species, such as the Asari. Introduced into human species via alleged experiments by a shadowy government agency.
Element 99 Singularity A radioactive orange element with a lead gray natural form. Purified ore glows orange. Discovered by Soviet scientists searching for uranium for Stalin's nuclear program. An island off the Kamchatskiy Peninsula codenamed Katorga-12 is sectioned off as a top secret research, mining, and refining facility. After an incident with the E99 generator, the E99 radiation is spread all over the island. E99 can warp time, mutate living organisms grotesquely, and provide a clean, if dangerous, energy source. In real life, element 99 is einsteinium and has no such qualities.
Feminum Wonder Woman This metal, which is found solely on Paradise Island, is the indestructible metal out of which Wonder Woman's bracelets are made. Wonder Woman, and other inhabitants of Paradise Island, use the bracelets to deflect bullets. The material was featured in the Wonder Woman television series in its fifth episode, "The Feminum Mystique Part 2", which aired on 8 November 1976.
Frinkonium The Simpsons Element, which was invented by Springfield scientist Professor Frink from the animated television series The Simpsons.
Galine I Expect You To Die A blue liquid with the atomic number 3 and the symbol Gi that makes a compound that is corrosive to copper when mixed with Arsonium and Sanite, and a compound that explodes when exposed to air when mixed with Nanite.
Harbenite Tarzan at the Earth's Core Appears in Edgar Rice Burroughs novel Tarzan at the Earth's Core [32] Harbenite, named after its discoverer, Dr. von Harben, is a metal found in the fictional Urambi country Africa and described as lighter than cork and stronger than steel. Harbenite was used to build the O-220, a dirigible airship constructed for a rescue mission to the earth's core in response to a radio distress call from David Innes and Abner Perry, the original discoverers of the inner world of Pellucidar in the novel At the Earth's Core.
Ice-nine Cat's Cradle A more stable polymorph of water than common ice (Ice Ih), which instead of melting when above 0° Celsius (32° Fahrenheit), melts only when the temperature is 45.8 °C (114.4 °F). When ice-nine comes into contact with liquid water below 45.8 °C, it acts as a seed crystal, and causes the solidification of the entire body of water, which quickly crystallizes as more ice-nine.
Inerton Armageddon 2419 A.D. A synthetic material created via a process which allows energy to be converted directly into matter (similar to the replicator technology that would later appear in Star Trek. Inerton is completely inert to almost all forces, including light, heat, and gravity, which results in it being cold to the touch and perpetually pitch black in color, as well as being completely weightless and indestructible to anything except disintegrator beams (which convert matter directly into energy in the reverse of the process that created the material).

Inerton is used mostly in the hulls of futuristic airships, serving as both armor and as a lifting body, as well as in special belts worn by the characters which allow them to leap great distances by counterbalancing the weight of their bodies.

Jerktonium SpongeBob SquarePants A fictitious element present in a Christmas-themed episode of SpongeBob SquarePants, Jerktonium looks like a lighter-colored version of the fictional element kryptonite. It acts as a solid material and is often put in fruitcakes, which is done in the episode where it makes its only appearance. The sole effect of human interaction with the element (specifically by ingestion), is that it gives people a bad attitude until they are cured. Other side effects of ingesting this element include a fast growth of stubble, a look of tiredness radiated by bags under the eyelids, and an angry look characterized by their eyebrows.
Jumbonium Futurama Jumbonium is a very rare and valuable element with atoms large enough to be seen with the naked eye. In the episode "The Lesser of Two Evils", a Jumbonium atom was used in 3001 used for the Miss Universe competition, where it would hover above the prized tiara. According to Bob Barker (in the episode), the atom is worth $200,000 or, at least, somewhere between $200,000 and $200,001. According to Professor Farnsworth, the nucleus alone is worth $150,000.[33]
Katchin Dragon Ball Z Said to be the hardest material in the Dragon Ball universe.[34] When testing the Z Sword, Son Goku threw a cube of Katchin, which was summoned by Supreme Kai, at Son Gohan in order to test the sword's supposed legendary strength. The block of Katchin proceeded to snap the Z Sword when Gohan attempted to slice it.
Kryptonite DC Comics A crystalline material, originally in various colors with separate effects, harmful to Kryptonians and created during the destruction of Superman's home planet Krypton; synthesis is also possible. John Byrne's retcon of the DC Comics universe established green kryptonite as a compound and later issues had experiments by Batman and Luthor reestablish the Pre-Crisis versions of red, blue, and gold. Kryptonite has been found in the real world (according to its chemical composition) and has none of the properties or color variations of fictional kryptonite. However, DC Comics had previously described kryptonite as an alien element with a higher atomic number than known Earth elements.
Lerasium Mistborn A metal forming the body and power of the shard Preservation that makes any non-allomancer who ingests it an extremely powerful mistborn. All known samples are destroyed after the last was ingested by Elend Venture. It is the source of the Lord Ruler's and the first noble's Allomantic abilities, being found by Rashek at the well of ascension. Its Allomantic, Feruchemic and Hemalurgic powers are unknown. It is named after the holder of Preservation, Leras.
Metal X E. E. Smith's SkyLark series An element discovered that facilitates the conversion of the energy in copper (??) and uses it as a propulsive or attractive force.[35]
Meteorillium Return to Castle Wolfenstein An element found in meteors theorized to originate in the center of the galaxy. The Schutzstaffel's Special Projects Division discovers some of the rare element in the Baltic states. Oberführer Strasse's project book indicates that the SS Paranormal Division requires it for the resurrection of King Heinrich I der Vögler. Evidently, the ritual is impossible to do without it. Strasse's lab in Norway refines the metal into its 317 isotope for use in the ceremony.
Mithril / Mythril Numerous works Originally described in J.R.R. Tolkien's Lord of the Rings trilogy,[36] mithril is a durable silvery metal that is very light and extremely strong. Mithril means "grey gleam", but is translated as "true silver".[37] It was mined in native form in Moria. It can also be worked into other forms with unusual properties such as reflecting only the light of the Moon. The fictional metal has expanded to be included in various other fantasy universes, games, and books. "Mythril" appears in the video game series Final Fantasy and Kingdom Hearts. Also, "Mithral" is used in D&D books and "Milrith" in Simon the Sorcerer. In the Warhammer world, the High Elven metal "Ithilmar" has similar properties and usage. In RuneScape it is a lightweight blue metal stronger than steel. In World of Warcraft, Mithril and Truesilver both appear, with Truesilver being a rare spawn node in the same areas as Mithril. Both can be mined as an ore and smelted into a bar using the mining profession. Mithril also appears in the MMORPG Guild Wars 2 as a blueish-silver metal used in crafting. In Defense of the Ancients, the multiplayer online battle arena version of Warcraft, players can purchase the Mithril Hammer from the Main Shop. "Mithral" is also featured in the Dungeon Master series. It appears in armor form in The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion. It also appears as a cyan metal used to make armor and weapons in MapleStory. Mythril is also depicted as a teal-coloured metal used to craft armor, weapons, and tools in Terraria.
Nanite I Expect You To Die A yellow liquid with the atomic number 13 and the symbol Nn that makes a compound that explodes when exposed to air when mixed with Galine, and an antivirus when mixed with Regalite and Sanite.
Naqahdah Stargate A rare, superheavy metal first depicted (but not named) as a quartzite-like "mineral" in the original Stargate movie. Its most basic use is as a weapon: naquadah greatly amplifies energy, making it extremely potent if paired with explosives. Due to its unique properties, naquadah forms the basis for many advanced technologies; the Stargates themselves are composed almost entirely of naquadah. Naquadah is also present in the bloodstream of the Goa'uld, which allows them to control their technology and sense the presence of other symbiotes. The Goa'uld have naquadah mining operations on many planets; its refined form, "weapons-grade naquadah", is extremely valuable and often used as currency.[38] Weapons-grade naquadah is so dense that two Jaffa are required to lift a quantity the size of a couple of common housing bricks, which probably indicates that naquadah is meant to lie in the island of stability. Alternate forms of naquadah include liquid naquadah, used to power Goa'uld staff weapons, and heavy liquid naquadah, used to power Goa'uld AG-3 weapons satellites.[39] Naquadah is a superconductor. Naquadah does not occur naturally in the Solar System.[40]
Nth Metal DC Comics A fictional metal alloy that appears in the DC Universe, a heavy isotope of iron, Fe676 [41] It is native to Thanagar, the home planet of Katar Hol and Shayera Thal, the Silver Age Hawkman and Hawkwoman. Among the unusual properties of Nth metal is the ability to negate gravity, allowing a person wearing an object made of Nth metal, such as a belt, to fly. In addition, Nth metal also protects the wearer from the elements and speeds the healing of wounds,[42] increases their strength, and protects them from extremes in temperature. It has many other properties that have yet to be revealed in full. It has been implied that the apparently "magical" abilities of the Thanagarian supervillain, Onimar Synn, all stem from his unique mastery of the properties of Nth metal. These powers are augmented to a god-like level during the Rann-Thanagar War when he builds himself an artificial body made of the substance.

In ancient Egypt a Thanagarian spaceship made of Nth metal crash-landed, only to be discovered by Prince Khufu and his betrothed, Chay-ara. Constant exposure to Nth metal forced Khufu and Chay-ara into a cycle of reincarnation. In the 20th century, they were incarnated as Carter Hall and Shiera Saunders, the original Hawkman and Hawkgirl. As Hawkman and Hawkgirl, they wore Nth metal belts, made with the help of the Thanagarian Paran Katar, father of Katar Hol, when he was visiting Earth.

Many years later, Carter and Shiera's son, Hector Hall, made a suit of armor of Nth metal and took the name Silver Scarab as a founding member of Infinity Inc. The suit provided him with protection from attacks, let him lift great weights, and allowed him to fly and project solar energy blasts.

The current Hawkman and Hawkgirl continue to wear Nth metal.

Much later in the DC timeline, members of the Legion of Super Heroes wear "flight rings" made of an alloy of Nth metal called valorium.

The mercenary Deathstroke wears armor composed of Nth metal.

Octiron Discworld A strange, iridescent metal that is highly valued. It radiates dangerous amounts of raw enchantment and is so unstable it can only exist in a universe saturated with raw magic.[43]
Orichalcum Mythology of Atlantis A metallic pink or red colored metal mined in Atlantis; another name for it is mountain copper.[44] May be based on Auricupride. Used to power machinery in Atlantis in the video game Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis. In Exalted, Orichalcum is the strongest of the five magical materials and can be made by distilling ordinary gold using Gaia's blood (Magma) and concentrating sunlight using large occult mirrors. Found in Final Fantasy as a rare material with varying properties. In the Soul Calibur series, Sophitia carries a sword and shield set named Orichalcum. Used in smithing to craft Orcish weapons and armor in The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim. In Maplestory it is a fuchsia metal used to craft armors and items. In Guild Wars 2, Orichalcum appears as an amber-colored metal used in crafting various things. In Shadowrun, orichalcum is a magical alloy of gold, silver, mercury, and copper. Also named "Orichalcon" in some games. Orichalcum is depicted as a pink metal in Terraria and is used to make weapons, armor, and different walls and blocks. It also makes an appearance in Harvest Moon as a resource in multiple entries in the series.
Polydenum OtherSpace A metallic, radioactive, explosive element found in some planetary cores that is mined and refined to become the main fuel for starship sub-light engines in the OtherSpace multiverse, as well as a potent explosive.[45] Never to be mistaken for Molybdenum.
Quadium The Mouse That Roared by Leonard Wibberley Also known as H4, quadium is a particle that is so highly unstable as to make it effectively non-existent, although attempts have been made to isolate it. A fictional stable version of this isotope played a prominent role in the 1955 satirical novel The Mouse That Roared.[46] In that novel it is a fissionable element with an explosive potential many times greater than plutonium. Quadium is discovered by Dr. Kokintz who uses it to build the "Q-Bomb", a doomsday device capable of destroying all life on earth. A madcap series of events results in the Q-Bomb being captured by the anachronisticly medieval army of the Duchy of Grand Fenwick turning this tiny and technologically backward European country into the most powerful nation on Earth. Grand Fenwick then uses the threat of the Q-Bomb to force the nuclear powers to accept a nuclear disarmament agreement. In the end Dr. Kokintz discovers the Q-Bomb is actually a dud, but decides it is in the best interest of humanity to keep this fact a secret.[47]
Radium X The Invisible Ray Radium X was an intensively radioactive extraterrestrial element discovered by Dr. Janos Rukh (Boris Karloff) in the 1936 film The Invisible Ray. In the film, Dr. Rukh creates a death beam projector which harnesses the incredible power of Radium X for use as a destructive weapon of mass terror. Radium X also had healing powers. In a memorable scene, Rukh restores the sight of his blind mother (Violet Kemble Cooper) with the Radium X projector after developing a filter to curb its destructive effects. According to legend, this scene inspired John Lawrence (the younger brother of physicist Ernest Lawrence) to use radiation on his mother—who had been diagnosed with inoperable cancer of the uterus.[48] Not to be confused with the real life Radium.
Rearden Metal Atlas Shrugged Rearden Metal is a greenish-blue alloy invented by Hank Rearden. Lighter and stronger than traditional steel, it is to steel what steel was to iron. Among its ingredients are iron and copper, two metals seldom found together in real-world structural alloys.
Red Mercury Red Mercury (film) Red mercury is a hoax substance of uncertain composition purportedly used in the creation of nuclear bombs.
Redstone Minecraft, Pocket Starships Redstone is a material that can be found in the award-winning independent sandbox video game Minecraft. Redstone has been described as "perhaps the biggest stroke of genius in Minecraft".[49] This material serves as in-game wiring, allowing players to lay down logic circuitry that controls pistons, minecarts and other dynamic elements in the game[49] and can be crafted into various mechanical objects.
Regalite I Expect You To Die A purple liquid with the atomic number 11 and the symbol Re that makes a compound that produces clouds when exposed to air when mixed with Arsonium, and an antivirus when mixed with Nanite and Sanite.
Sanite I Expect You To Die A red liquid with the atomic number 17 and the symbol Y that makes a compound that is corrosive to copper when mixed with Arsonium and Galine, and an antivirus when mixed with Regalite and Nanite.
Saronite World of Warcraft A teal-colored metal found in the land of Northrend. Said to be created from the blood of the old god Yogg-Saron, those who spend prolonged periods of time in Saronite mines will complain of ghostly whispers and be driven to insanity. This metal is also used by the Scourge and Knights of the Ebon Blade to create armor, although the creators of the game have confirmed that using Saronite in armor will not affect the wearer. In the game, Saronite can be used by blacksmiths and engineers to craft rare and epic-quality armor and weapons.
Saturnium Saturnium Saturnium is a radionuclide with atomic number Z=666 with two isotopes and a lifetime of 625.2 yr. Its existence was revealed in an article by Prof. Bogdan-Joe Liu-Khury, who claimed to have discovered 10 mg of Saturnium in the well of the Perrin building of Paris VI University. According to his study, Saturnium was extracted by Marie Curie from the remains of the Tunguska event (1908) obtained in 1917 thanks to the help of Prof. Alexander Karpinsky. Prof. Liu-Khury concluded that it is the first known hyper-magic nuclei, as defined by Nicolas Flamel and that it is the first known chronoactive element, in the sense that it bends time. Of the 5 samples, only 2 mg remains. The element was the focus of a trans-disciplinary art project[50] led by the photographer SMITH, the composer Antonin-Tri Hoang and the cosmologist Jean-Philippe Uzan.
Scrith Ringworld Structural material for Ringworld, with a tensile strength on the order of the strong nuclear force.
Supermanium DC Comics Used in the manufacture of Superman's Supermobile, it is a metal so strong that "only Superman's heat vision can soften the substance, and only his super-strength is mighty enough to mold it!"[51]
Taydenite Ben 10 Taydenite an extremely hard gem, and the most precious material in the galaxy, used as both currency and fuel for spaceships. Kevin Levin often uses it as a material to absorb, and it is also one of the only things that can pierce the containment suit of a Prypiatosian-B.
Thirium Detroit: Become Human Primarily used for the synthesis of "Blue Blood", a fluid that circulates energy and information inside CyberLife androids. It has a destabilizing effect on hormone production.
Timonium Numerous works In the Liaden universe, the planet Surebleak was at one time a mining center for timonium before large amounts were discovered in another nearby star system. Timonium is a radioactive element used as an internal powersource for high tech devices.[52] The material has also been featured in The Stardust Voyages,[53] and in Rise of Nations: Rise of Legends.
Transformium Transformers: Age of Extinction A programmable material that the Transformers are made from.
Tritanium Star Trek The fictional metal tritanium was referred to in many episodes as an extremely hard alloy used in starship hulls and hand-held tools.
Tritanium Eve Online In the Eve universe, tritanium is a versatile material and is the primary material used in the construction of virtually all star ships and star ship components. It is described as being unstable at atmospheric temperatures, and thus is only used in constructing objects intended to stay in space permanently.
Truthitonium The_Ambidextrous_Universe Martin Gardner, describes Truthitonium as the invention of Ralph Cooper of Los Alamos.

It is created momentarily (called a moment of Truth), by annihilating a Truthiton (a proto-proton) with a pseudo electron (a fiction), after which it degenerates releasing 2000 neutrinos and then, imploding into nothingness "leaving behind not a particle of Truth".

Unobtanium Aerospace term,[54] Avatar, The Core A substance having the exact properties required for a piece of hardware or other item of use, but not obtainable either because it theoretically cannot exist, geopolitical events preclude access to it,[55] or because current technological limitations prevent its manufacture.

Unobtanium is also the mineral being sought on Pandora by brute-force mining methods in the film Avatar.

Upsidaisium The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends A focus of the second-longest Rocky and Bullwinkle story arc, Upsidaisium, an anti-gravity metal, is much sought after by the US government. Bullwinkle comes to the attention of government agents, as well as spies Boris and Natasha, after inheriting his uncle's Upsidaisium mine. The mine is located in the fictional Mt. Flatten, which floats high in the air due to the high amount of Upsidaisium within.
Uridium Uridium[56] Fictional metal named in the 1986 computer game Uridium, available for the Commodore 64,[57] ZX Spectrum, BBC Micro, and Amstrad CPC.[58] Each level of the game takes place on a space dreadnought named after a different metal. The game's final level is named after the fictional element uridium. According to the cassette inlay card, the name was created by one of the game developers who thought uridium really existed.[59]
Uru Marvel Comics A fictional metal that appears in the Marvel Universe, utilized by the residents of Asgard. Uru has the unique properties of being both highly durable and capable of holding enchantments. It has been noted that only a god can safely apply permanent enchantments. Uru's durability makes it nigh-impossible to work with, requiring either the heart of a star or an enchanted forge. Notable objects made of Uru include Thor's hammer Mjolnir and Beta Ray Bill's weapon, Stormbreaker.
Verterium cortenide Star Trek Verterium cortenide plays a key role in Star Trek's warp drive propulsion system, since it is referred to as the only compound capable of generating warp fields when supplied with energy from the warp core. The crew of USS Voyager are forced to land on a planet to retrieve verterium cortenide to repair their warp nacelles after a sabotage.
Vibranium Marvel Comics A fictional metal that appears in the Marvel Universe, first appearing in Daredevil #13 (February 1966), by writer Stan Lee and artist John Romita. It is a rare, naturally occurring metallic substance theorized to be of extraterrestrial origin.[60] It is most commonly known as one of the materials used to construct Captain America's shield, but it is also noted for its connection to the Black Panther and his native homeland of Wakanda (a fictional country in Africa).[61] It exists in two forms: one of them, the Wakandan variety, is native only to the small African nation of Wakanda.[62] This isotope possesses the ability to absorb all vibrations in the vicinity as well as kinetic energy directed at it.[63] The energy absorbed is stored within the bonds between the molecules that make up the substance. As a result, the more energy vibranium absorbs, the tougher it becomes. This variety of vibranium is a powerful mutagen.[64] The Antarctic variety, better known as Anti-Metal, is an isotope native to the Savage Land, producing vibrations of a specific wavelength that break down the molecular bonds in other metals.
Wishalloy Aerospace term [65] An alternative to unobtainium, possibly indicating that the substance in question is theoretically impossible according to known scientific theory. Historically Scramjets have been described as being made from unobtainium reinforced wishalloy.
Xirdalium The Chase of the Golden Meteor An element which is, in the French first edition of the novel, about a hundred thousand times more radioactive than radium.[66] In the English first edition this has been reduced to a hundred times.[67] Xirdalium was invented by Jules Verne's son Michel, who introduced it to the novel, together with the character Zephyrin Xirdal,[68] a 'private genius' who synthesized the new element. In the story Xirdal then uses Xirdalium in a contraption emitting a strong tractor beam able to alter the trajectory of the meteor mentioned in the novel's title.
Xithricite Vendetta Online A bright green mineral used to produce incredibly strong alloys originally discovered by explorers from the Neutral Territories.[69] References to it are found throughout the game's item descriptions and is used in everything from spaceship hulls to railgun ammunition. Ore containing Xithricite can be mined from asteroids by players.

Fictional isotopes of real elements

Name Isotope of Source Uses Reality
80Ir Iridium Riptide According to the book, one second of direct exposure is equivalent to a lethal dose, with a reading of 3217.89 Rads/hr from 15 metres away. The blade of St. Michael's sword was forged from it.[70] 80Ir does not exist; the lightest known isotope is 164Ir.
186Pu Plutonium The Gods Themselves An isotope of plutonium which is too unstable to exist in our universe but which exists naturally in fictional parallel universes whose strong nuclear forces are more intense. This is utilised as a source of energy where it is turned into 186W, releasing electrons in the process. The description of this isotope is entirely correct; the lightest known isotope of plutonium is 228Pu.
Quantium any element, but most commonly potassium Babylon 5 This rare and expensive substance used in jumpgates is formed when ordinary matter is subjected to the stresses of a supernova, pushing some of its electron pair-bonds into hyperspace. The most commonly found form is derived from 40K, giving quantium-40. The name was coined by David Strauss in response to a request from the show's creator.[71] 40K is a naturally occurring isotope of potassium which is used to date rocks. However, the method of obtaining quantium as described has not been demonstrated in real life.
61Pm Promethium DC Comics An artificial element from the DC Universe, created by Dayton Industries. Promethium was named after the eponymous titan of Greek myth Prometheus, for his deed of giving mankind fire and knowledge erstwhile being chained to a rock with eagles picking at his innards for all eternity after. The company owner and its creator Steve Dayton, theorized the potential applications for Promethium, both for good and ill, were limitless.[72]

Promethium is a metal alloy that comes in two quite different isotopes, "depleted" and "volatile" promethium. Promethium's properties make it highly coveted by various public and clandestine interests. Key among which is that it's virtually indestructible with self restorative properties. The mercenary Deathstroke, for example, uses a suit of the volatile variety which could mend itself after being damaged.[73] Both young heroes Victor Stone's bionic chassis and Roy Harper's body armor were made of the depleted variety.

Dayton believed Promethium alloys could make most anything coated in them impervious to destruction or abrasion. Even theorizing that it could impart its matter regenerative abilities to organic anatomy down the line of its testing.

Depleted promethium The most common isotope of promethium was the inert element that was easier to sell and managed on a grander scale. By itself it was extremely durable, Ronnie Raymond once commented even Superman couldn't break it even with his strength.[74] When Depleted Promethium is alloyed with other dense metals such as Kevlar or molybdenum-steel, it forms a near-invulnerable metal polymer.

The supervillain Prometheus gained his powers after getting dunked in a solution of titanium/vanadium alloy infused with promethium while working at Kord Industries as a foremen in its smelting plant. Retaining a metallic epidermal layer with the ability to heat up his body several degrees Celsius able to burn at a touch.[75]

Volatile promethium The rarest manifest of Promethium is its radioactive isotope, capable of absorbing and generating its own energy in near limitless quantities. Useful as a self-sustaining power source for many gadgets and facilities when properly utilized. The only drawback being that "volatile promethium" has dangerous mutagenic properties which can either be used to mutate living beings into hideous monstrosities or trigger the latent metagene resting within the DNA of others.

The latter is proven true when due to Deathstroke the Terminator's use of promethium forged weaponry and equipment; e.i. his armor, sword and possibly his gun staff made from volatile promethium. Which he can use these without worry due to his healing factor, had triggered latent superpower capabilities within his children Rose and Joseph Wilson.[76] Its use and proliferation also had a hand in creating the super-villain team known as The Hybrid, as each of them gained their powers from infusions of the irradiated material.[77]

 61Pm, Unlike its counterpart in the comics, has all radioactive isotopes and is a rare naturally occurring ore found the Earth's crust.

Fictional subatomic particles

Name Source Properties
Dust His Dark Materials An elementary particle that is the basic unit of consciousness. Not a constant, but is generated by and confers sentience on animals in a positive feedback loop; in the context of humans, the human brain is a focusing mechanism for Dust. The more conscious the entity, the more Dust is around them. Permeates all universes and passes among dimensions.
Philote Ender's Game series The smallest possible particle, occupying no space at all. All philotes are interconnected through quantum entanglement, and philotic energy can be harnessed to allow for instantaneous communication and near-instantaneous travel to anywhere in the universe.
Philosophon Flatterland A unit of logic so tiny only a philosopher could hope to split it.[78]
Reson Discworld The constitute particle of the Thaum, akin to the real-life quark. Its name literally means "thing-ies". It comes in 5 "flavors" or types: Up, Down, Sideways, Sex-Appeal and Peppermint.[79]
Tachyon Numerous examples in sci-fi; see Tachyons in fiction A tachyon is any hypothetical particle that travels faster than light. In many fictional settings it is taken that this involves travelling through time and they are invoked as an integral part of, or even shorthand for, time travel devices.
Thaum Discworld The basic unit of magical strength; it is the amount of magic needed to create one small white pigeon or three normal-sized billiard balls. The Thaum has been shown to be made up of Resons in the Unseen University's High Energy Magic Building.[80]

See also

References

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  2. ↑ Great Books of the Western World Vol. 4 pg 40
  3. ↑ Walker, Karen (February 2010). "Ultron: The Black Sheep of the Avengers Family". Back Issue!. TwoMorrows Publishing (38): 23–30.
  4. ↑ Sharon Packer MD, Superheroes and Superegos: Analyzing the Minds Behind the Masks, (ABC-CLIO), 2009, ISBN 0313355371, 9780313355370, p238
  5. ↑ Marco Arnaudo (translated by Jamie Richards), The Myth of the Superhero, (JHU Press), 2013, ISBN 1421409534, 9781421409535, p19
  6. ↑ Gail E. Hawisher, Cynthia L. Selfe, Literacy, technology, and society: confronting the issues, (Prentice Hall), 1997, p100
  7. ↑ David Bell, Barbara M. Kennedy (ed), The Cybercultures Reader, (Psychology Press), 2000, ISBN 0415183790, 9780415183796, p114
  8. ↑ Seth Godin, The Encyclopedia of Fictional People: The Most Important Characters of the 20th Century , (Boulevard Books), 1996, ISBN 1572970731, 9781572970731, p4
  9. ↑ DeBuvitz, William (January 1989). "Administratium. New chemical Element Discovered". The Physics Teacher. Retrieved 2011-11-18.
  10. ↑ Gilchrist, Alice (October 4, 1991). "Ig Nobel Prizes Debut". 111 (40). The Tech. Retrieved 2007-02-01.
  11. ↑ Beltz, Ellin (June 21, 1993). "Physics Non-Department First to Photograph New Element". NEIU Independent. Retrieved 2007-02-01.
  12. ↑ http://www.teamfortress.com/catchup/
  13. ↑ Transactions of the American Society for Steel Treating, vol. 9 (1926), p. 663.
  14. ↑ "Up from the Magma and Back Again with Paul Hiebert", in Manitoba Arts Review (1948), p. 6.
  15. ↑ Mercury in the Marine Environment: Workshop Proceedings, 29 November to 1 December 1988, Sheraton Anchorage Hotel, Anchorage, Alaska, United States Minerals Management Service (1989) p. 71.
  16. ↑ David Gerrold, Worlds of Wonder: How to Write Science Fiction & Fantasy, Writer's Digest Books (2001), pp. 59, 72 ff.
  17. ↑ The Simpsons, "Lisa Gets an 'A'" (1998).
  18. ↑ Futurama, "A Clone of My Own" (2000).
  19. ↑ Greg Cox, Star Trek: The Eugenics Wars: The Rise and Fall of Khan Noonien Singh, volume two, Simon & Schuster (2002), p. 103.
  20. ↑ Carl Barks, Walt Disney’s Uncle Scrooge: A Cold Bargain – Gladstone Comic Album #24, (Gladstone) ISBN 0-944599-24-9
  21. 1 2 Tom Andrae, Carl Barks and the Disney Comic Book: Unmasking the Myth of Modernity, p216, (Univ. Press of Mississippi), 2006, ISBN 1578068584, 9781578068586
  22. ↑ www.comicsreview.co.uk - Walt Disney’s Uncle Scrooge: A Cold Bargain
  23. ↑ "Program Notes: Raise the Titanic! (1980)". Kansas City Public Library. 12 April 2012. Retrieved 29 October 2014.
  24. ↑ continuity screenplay
  25. ↑ shooting draft
  26. ↑ Piper, H. Beam (2007). Junkyard Planet. Wildside Press. Retrieved 2014-11-19.
  27. ↑ "Fiction Book Review: The Collapsium by Wil McCarthy". Publishers Weekly. 2014. Retrieved 2014-11-19.
  28. 1 2 Paula Johanson, Lithium - Understanding the elements of the periodic table, p24, (The Rosen Publishing Group), 2007, ISBN 1404209409, 9781404209404
  29. ↑ "Perfection Through Etherium". Wizards of the Coast. 18 November 2008.
  30. ↑ "Filigree Art Quiz". Wizards of the Coast. 19 November 2008.
  31. ↑ "The Filigree Texts". Wizards of the Coast. 29 September 2008.
  32. ↑ Burroughs, Edgar Rice (1930). Tarzan at the Earths Core. New York, NY: Metropolitan Books. p. 301. [ISBN unspecified]
  33. ↑ "Jumbonium - The Infosphere, the Futurama Wiki". theinfosphere.org. Retrieved 2018-01-12.
  34. ↑ Chelidoni, Kristoffer, J. (19 July 2015). "Superman Vs Goku: Who Would Really Win?". Moviepilot. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  35. ↑ Skylark series by E. E. "Doc" Smith
  36. ↑ http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mithril
  37. ↑ Tolkien, J.R.R. (1954). The Fellowship of the Ring, The Lord of the Rings. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-08254-4.
  38. ↑ "The Ties That Bind"
  39. ↑ "Absolute Power"
  40. ↑ "Fail Safe"
  41. ↑ Justice League Unlimited, Season 1, Episode 21
  42. ↑ Hawkman (vol. 4) #21
  43. ↑ Pratchett, Terry; Briggs, Stephen (2012). Turtle Recall: The Discworld Companion...So Far. Victor Gollancz Ltd. p. 271. ISBN 978-0-575-09120-7.
  44. ↑ Leadbeater, C.W. The Masters and the Path Adyar, Madras, India: 1925—Theosophical Publishing House
  45. ↑ Wes Platt (2002). Otherspace: The 2001 Yearbook. iUniverse. p. 247. ISBN 978-0-595-22157-8. ISBN 0-595-22157-2. ..."It will generate a controlled fusion reaction within its interior until it reaches the proper temperature, using a carefully calculated amount of polydenum for a starter."
  46. ↑ Frank Close, Half Life, (Oneworld Publications), 2015, ISBN 1780745826, 9781780745824
  47. ↑ Wibberley, Leonard Patrick O'Connor (1955). The Mouse That Roared. Boston: Little Brown & Co. ISBN 978-0-316-93872-3. OCLC 1016437.
  48. ↑ Lynn Yarris (June 29, 2005). "Breast Cancer Research at Berkeley Lab: Part 1: An Era of Hope for Breast Cancer Patients". Berkeley Lab News Center.
  49. 1 2 Jason Gregory, Game Engine Architecture, Second Edition, p25-26, (CRC Press), 2014, ISBN 1466560010, 9781466560017
  50. ↑
  51. ↑ Action Comics #481, DC Comics, March 1978, pg. 13.
  52. ↑ Sharon Lee (writer); Steve Miller (writer) (1982). I Dare. Meisha Merlin. ISBN 1-892065-12-6.
  53. ↑ Stephen Tall. The Stardust Voyages. Berkley Medallion. ISBN 0-425-02972-7.
  54. ↑ Hansen, James R. (1987) "Engineer in Charge: A History of the Langley Aeronautical Laboratory, 1917–1958." The NASA History Series, sp-4305. Chapter 12, recounting an October 1957 meeting, mentions the problems caused by "the lack of a superior high-temperature material (which the Langley structures people dubbed 'unobtainium')" This paragraph in turn cites Becker, John V. "The Development of Winged Reentry Vehicles, 1952–1963," unpublished, dated 23 May 1983.
  55. ↑ Jones, Richard (2010-01-10). "EXCLUSIVE: Inside China's secret toxic unobtainium mine". Mail Online. Retrieved 2010-06-04. The rare-earths blasted out of rocks here [ Baiyun Obo ] feed more than 77 per cent of global demand... 'Dysprosium, for instance, allows systems to work under extreme conditions,' he explained. 'The US military doesn't want to buy it on the open market. They need a guaranteed supply and it's becoming a problem.
  56. ↑ Hewson Consultants Ltd. (1986). Uridium.
  57. ↑ "Uridium Review", Zzap!64 (11): 100–101, July 1986
  58. ↑ "Uridium". World of Spectrum. Archived from the original on 10 March 2016.
  59. ↑ Commodore C64 Manual: Uridium (cassette inlay card), 1986, pp. 1–2, Name created by Robert 'I really thought it existed' Orchard
  60. ↑ John Morrow, The Collected Jack Kirby Collector Volume 3, TwoMorrows Publishing, 2004, p132
  61. ↑ Gabrielle Hecht (2012). Being Nuclear: Africans and the Global Uranium Trade. MIT Press.
  62. ↑ "Marvel brings back first black superhero". Star - Gazette - Elmira, N.Y. February 18, 2005.
  63. ↑ Eric Eisenberg (May 5, 2010). CinemaBlend, ed. "7 Things You Need To Know About The Marvel Universe Before Seeing Iron Man 2". Retrieved May 12, 2011.
  64. ↑ Booker, M. Keith (2010). Encyclopedia of Comic Books and Graphic Novels. Greenwood. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-313-35746-6. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  65. ↑ Heppenheimer, T. A. (2004) "The Space Shuttle Decision: NASA's Search for a Reusable Space Vehicle" The NASA History Series, sp-4221 Chapter 8, discussing Lockheed Martin's decision to specify silica tiles for thermal protection during reentry, states that a design using non-mass-producible materials "had no more intrinsic credibility than one that proposed to use the miracle metals Unobtanium and Wishalloy."
  66. ↑ Jules Verne; Michel Verne (1908). La Chasse au météore. Collection Hetzel. p. chpt. X. «Ceci, Messieurs, disait-il, c’est du Xirdalium, corps cent mille fois plus radioactif que le radium. J’avouerai, entre nous, que, si j’utilise ce corps, c’est un peu pour la galerie. Ce n’est pas qu’il soit nuisible, mais la terre rayonne assez d’énergie pour qu’il soit superflu de lui en ajouter. C’est un grain de sel dans la mer. Toutefois, une légère mise en scène ne messied pas, à mon sens, dans une expérience de cette nature.»
  67. ↑ Jules Verne; Michel Verne (1909). The Chase of the Golden Meteor. Grant Richards. p. 125. „This, gentlemen.“ he said, „is Xirdalium, a body a hundred times more radio-active than radium. I am willing to own you that, if I utilize this body, it is more for show. Not that it is deleterious; but the earth radiates enough energy for me to do without adding more. It is a grain of salt thrown into the sea. Still, a little display is not unbecoming, methinks, in an experiment of this nature.“
  68. ↑ Jules Verne; Frederick Paul Walter (2006). The meteor hunt. University of Nebraska Press. p. xi. To Verne’s seventeen chapters Michel added four more. He created a dominant new character, Zephyrin Xirdal, who in effect takes over the action and the outcome.
  69. ↑ Vendetta Online – The Chronicles of Exile Section 08
  70. ↑ Preston, Douglas (1999). Riptide. New York: Warner Books. p. 446. ISBN 0-446-60717-7.
  71. ↑ Unofficial Babylon 5 Technical Manual Archived 2005-08-28 at the Wayback Machine.
  72. ↑ New Teen Titans Vol. 1 #9
  73. ↑ New Teen Titans Vol. 1 #10
  74. ↑ JLA #73 (Dec. 2002)
  75. ↑ Blue Beetle Vol. 6 #3 (Aug. 1986)
  76. ↑ Deathstroke Vol. 4 #10 (Mar. 2017)
  77. ↑ New Teen Titans Vol. 2 #24 (Oct. 1986)
  78. ↑ Stewart, Ian (2002). Flatterland : like Flatland, only more so (1st paperback ed.). Cambridge, MA: Perseus Pub. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-7382-0675-2.
  79. ↑ Pratchett, Terry; Briggs, Stephen (2012). Turtle Recall: The Discworld Companion...So Far. Victor Gollancz Ltd. p. 351. ISBN 978-0-575-09120-7.
  80. ↑ Pratchett, Terry; Briggs, Stephen (2012). Turtle Recall: The Discworld Companion...So Far. Victor Gollancz Ltd. p. 350. ISBN 978-0-575-09120-7.
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