English Standard Version

English Standard Version
Full name English Standard Version
Abbreviation ESV
Complete Bible
published		 2001 (revisions in 2007, 2011, and 2016); Apocrypha 2009
Derived from RSV—1971 Revision
Textual basis
Translation type Formal Equivalence
Reading level 8.0[2]
Version revision
  • 2007
  • 2011
  • 2016
Publisher Crossway Bibles
Copyright The Holy Bible, English Standard Version. ESV® Permanent Text Edition® (2016). Copyright © 2001 by Crossway Bibles, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers.
In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was without form and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters. And God said, "Let there be light," and there was light.
Genesis 1:1 in other translations
For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.
John 3:16 in other translations

The English Standard Version (ESV) is an English translation of the Bible published in 2001 by Crossway. It is a revision of the Revised Standard Version[3] that employs an "essentially literal" translation philosophy.[4]

History

Work on this translation was prompted, in the early 1990s, by what the publisher, Crossway Books, stated was a need for a new literal translation by scholars and pastors.[5] A translation committee was formed, and it sought and received permission from the National Council of Churches to use the 1971 edition of the RSV as the English textual basis for the ESV. About 6 percent was revised in the ESV.[6]

Translation philosophy

The stated intent of the translators was to follow an "essentially literal" translation philosophy while taking into account differences of grammar, syntax, and idiom between current literary English and the original languages.[7] The ESV uses some gender-neutral language.[8]

Revisions

In 2007, the ESV underwent a minor revision, and the publisher did not identify the updated text as a revised edition. The update changed about 500 words by focusing on grammar, consistency, and clarity.[9] One notable change was from "wounded for our transgressions" to "pierced for our transgressions".[9]

In April 2011, another edition was issued, involving 275 verses and less than 500 words. The publisher announced the intention of the changes were to correct grammar, improve consistency or increase precision in meaning. [9] The 2007 edition has been gradually phased out.[10]

In August 2016, Crossway announced the "ESV Permanent Text Edition" with 52 word changes[11] in 29 verses. The publishers announced their intention to leave the text alone for the foreseeable future after this update.[12][13] However, this policy was abandoned the following month, with Crossway announcing that they would still consider "minimal and infrequent" updates to reflect "textual discoveries or changes in English over time". Lane Dennis, Crossway's president and CEO, said: "We apologize for this and for any concern this has caused for readers of the ESV [...] Our desire, above all, is to do what is right before the Lord."[14].

Deuterocanonicals

An ESV Bible with the Apocrypha

The publisher, citing that the ESV has been growing in popularity, authorized an edition of the ESV with the Deuterocanonical (Apocryphal) books included, which was developed by Oxford University Press and published in January 2009.[15] The publisher's hope for this new edition which includes the Deuterocanonicals is that it will be used widely in seminaries and divinity schools where these books are used as a part of academic study.[16]

The ESV version of the Deuterocanonicals is a revision of the Revised Standard Version 1977 Expanded Edition. The team translating the Deuterocanonicals includes Bernard A. Taylor, David A. deSilva, and Dan McCartney, under the editorship of David Aiken.[15] In the edition including these books, they are printed and arranged in the order of the RSV and NRSV Common Bibles. The Oxford translating team relied on the Göttingen Septuagint for all of the Deuterocanonicals except 4 Maccabees (relying there on Rahlf's Septuagint) and 2 Esdras (the Ancient Greek of which has not survived), which used the German Bible Society's 1983 edition Vulgate.[15]

On 4 February 2018, the Conference of Catholic Bishops of India released the English Standard Version Catholic Edition which includes the Deuterocanonicals.[17]

Use

The ESV has been used as the text of a number of study Bibles, including:

Additionally, the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod adopted the ESV as the official text used in its official hymnal Lutheran Service Book, released in August 2006.[25]

Criticism

Mark L. Strauss, in a paper presented at the 2008 annual meeting of the Evangelical Theological Society, criticized the ESV for using dated language and stated it is unsuited for mainstream use.[6] On the other hand, he has defended gender-inclusive language in translation and claims the ESV uses similar gender-inclusive language and speculated that criticism of the ESV by competing Bible translations is contrived for marketing purposes.[6] ESV translator Wayne Grudem has responded that, while on occasion the ESV translates person or one where previous translations used man, it keeps gender-specific language and does not go as far as other translations; the ESV website makes a similar statement. ESV translator William D. Mounce has called these arguments against the ESV ad hominem.[26]

Criticism has arisen in the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod, which uses the ESV as its official translation, that its frequent translation of the Hebrew word mishpatim ("judgements" or "decrees") as "rules" is not only an impoverished translation of a very rich word, but also somewhat legalistic.

Notes

  1. ↑ Clontz & Clontz (2008, Preface) ranks the English Standard Version in sixth place in a comparison of twenty-one translations, at 83% correspondence to the Nestle-Aland 27th ed.
  2. ↑ Rose Publishing 2006
  3. ↑ Stec 2004, p. 421
  4. ↑ Decker, Rodney (2004), "The English Standard Version: A Review Article" (PDF), The Journal of Ministry & Theology, 8 (2): 5–31
  5. ↑ Crossway Staff 2006
  6. 1 2 3 Strauss 2008
  7. ↑ Crossway Bibles 2011, p. VII
  8. ↑ Decker, Rodney (2004), "The English Standard Version: A Review Article" (PDF), The Journal of Ministry & Theology, 8 (2): 16–17
  9. 1 2 3 Dennis 2011
  10. ↑ Butterfield, Glen (2013). Bible Unity. WestBowPress. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-4908-0549-8.
  11. ↑ "ESV Permanent Text Edition (2016): Word Changes". ESV.org. Archived from the original on August 20, 2016.
  12. ↑ "Forums: ESV Permanent Text Edition, Free Update". AccordanceBible.com.
  13. ↑ "UPDATE: 2016 ESV Permanent Text Edition". UPDATE: 2016 ESV Permanent Text Edition. August 3, 2016. Retrieved August 8, 2016.
  14. ↑ Weber, Jeremy (September 28, 2016). "Theology: Crossway Reverses Decision to Make ESV Bible Text Permanent (Amid much public debate, publisher says strategy for a 'stable' Bible was a 'mistake')". Christianity Today (September 2016).
  15. 1 2 3 Oxford University Press 2009, p. 1177
  16. ↑ Oxford University Press 2012
  17. ↑ "Catholic Edition of ESV Bible Launched". Daijiworld. 2018-02-10.
  18. ↑ Concordia Publishing House (October 31, 2009), The Lutheran Study Bible: English Standard Version, Concordia Publishing House, ISBN 978-0-7586-1760-6, retrieved December 7, 2012
  19. ↑ Concordia Publishing House (August 28, 2012), The Apocrypha: The Lutheran Edition with Notes, Concordia Publishing House, ISBN 978-0758625472, retrieved December 7, 2012
  20. ↑ ESV Global Study Bible. Crossway. ISBN 978-1-4335-3567-3.
  21. ↑ ESV Study Bible, HarperCollins Publishers Limited, April 14, 2011, ISBN 978-0-00-743766-5, retrieved December 7, 2012
  22. ↑ Crossway Bibles (August 10, 2010), The Macarthur Study Bible: English Standard Version, Good News Publisher, ISBN 978-1-4335-0400-6, retrieved December 7, 2012
  23. ↑ Sproul, R C, ed. (July 1, 2008), Reformation Study Bible (ESV), P & R Publishing Company, ISBN 978-1-59638-136-0, retrieved December 7, 2012
  24. ↑ Oxford University Press (March 2, 2006), The Scofield Study Bible: English Standard Version, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-527877-4, retrieved December 7, 2012
  25. ↑ Concordia Publishing House (January 1, 2005), Lutheran Service Book, Concordia Publishing House, pp. Copyright Page, ISBN 978-0-7586-1218-2, retrieved December 7, 2012
  26. ↑ Mounce 2011

References

  • Brueggemann, Walter (January 25, 2010), Genesis: Interpretation: A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching, Westminster John Knox Press, ISBN 978-0-664-23437-9, retrieved December 7, 2012
  • Clontz, T E; Clontz, J, eds. (December 2008), The Comprehensive New Testament: New Testament with Complete Textual Variation Mapping and Special Highlights of Parallels for the Dead Sea Scrolls, Egyptian Book of the Dead, Josephus, Patristic Writings, Philo, Plato, Pseudepigrapha, and Talmud, Cornerstone Publications, ISBN 978-0-9778737-1-5, retrieved December 7, 2012
  • Craigie, Peter (1983), Metzger, Bruce, ed., Psalms 1-50, Word Books, ISBN 978-0-8499-0218-5, retrieved December 7, 2012
  • ESV Bible, Crossway, 2010, retrieved December 7, 2012
  • Crossway Bibles (December 28, 2011), Holy Bible: English Standard Version, Good News Publisher, ISBN 978-1-4335-3087-6, retrieved December 7, 2012
  • "Manuscripts Used in Translating the ESV", About the ESV Translation, Crossway, 2010a, retrieved December 7, 2012
  • Crossway Staff (February 21, 2006), The Origin of the ESV, Crossway, archived from the original on June 24, 2011, retrieved December 7, 2012
  • Dennis, Lane (April 2011), Word Changes in the ESV Bible Text -2011 (PDF), Crossway, retrieved December 7, 2012
  • Grudem, Wayne (November 8, 2005), Translating Truth: The Case for Essentially Literal Bible Translation, Weaton: Crossway, ISBN 978-1-58134-755-5, retrieved December 7, 2012
  • Harris, Robert (1957), Inspiration and Canonicity of the Bible, Grand Rapids: Zondervan Books, ISBN 0-310-25891-X
  • Isbell, Charles (June 1977), "Does the Gospel of Matthew Proclaim Mary's Virginity?", Biblical Archaeology Society, 3 (2), retrieved December 7, 2012
  • Johnson, S. Lewis (1953), "The Revised Standard New Testament", Bibliotheca Sacra, 110: 62–65
  • Mounce, Bill (2011), ETS Day 2 by Bill Mounce, Zondervan, retrieved December 7, 2012
  • The English Standard Version Bible: Containing the Old and New Testaments with Apocrypha, New York: Oxford University Press, 2009, ISBN 0-19-528910-2
  • English Standard Version Bible with Apocrypha, Oxford University Press, 2012, retrieved December 7, 2012
  • The Holy Bible: Revised Standard Version (Catholic ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004, ISBN 1-58617-100-3
  • Bible Translations Comparison Pamphlet, Rose Publishing, 2007, ISBN 1-59636-133-6
  • Ryken, Leland (2002), The Word of God in English, Wheaton: Crossway, ISBN 1-58134-464-3
  • Stec, D (July 2004), "Review: The Holy Bible: English Standard Version", Vestus Testamentum, Leiden: Brill, 54 (3): 421, ISSN 0042-4935, JSTOR 1518879
  • Strauss, Mark (November 25, 2008), Why the English Standard Version (ESV) Should not become the Standard English Version (PDF), Presented at the annual Evangelical Theological Society meeting in Providence, Rhode Island, San Diego, retrieved November 19, 2014
  • Unger, Merrill (1953), "The Revised Standard Old Testament", Bibliotheca Sacra, 110: 54–61
  • The Gideon: Development and Growth of the English Standard Version, The Gideons International, June–July 2013, retrieved October 14, 2013
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.