Energy in Lithuania

Location

Lithuania is net energy importer. Primary energy use in Lithuania was 98 TWh, or 29 TWh per million people in 2009.[1]

Systematic diversification of energy imports and resources is Lithuania's key energy strategy.[2] Long term aims were defined in National Energy Independence strategy in 2012 by Lietuvos Seimas.[3] It was estimated that strategic energy independence initiatives will cost €6.3–7.8 billion in total and provide annual savings of €0.9-1.1 billion. In 2018 synchronising the Baltic States' electricity grid with the Synchronous grid of Continental Europe has started.[4]

Overview

Energy in Lithuania [5]
Capita
(million)		 Prim. energy
(TWh)		 Production
(TWh)		 Import
(TWh)		 Electricity
(TWh)		 CO2-emission
(Mt)
20043.44106.560.649.110.812.7
20073.38107.644.266.611.514.4
20083.36106.844.862.212.014.2
20093.3497.649.048.611.512.4
20123.2084.817.869.110.713.2
2012R2.9985.818.168.710.813.3
20132.9681.119.163.310.810.7
Change 2004-09-2.9%-8.4%-19.2%-0.9%6.0%-2.3%
Mtoe = 11.63 TWh, Prim. energy includes energy losses
2012R = CO2 calculation criteria changed, numbers updated

Natural gas

FSRU Independence in port of Klaipėda

In order to break down Gazprom's monopoly[6][7] in natural gas market of Lithuania, first large scale LNG import terminal (Klaipėda LNG FSRU) in the Baltic region was built in port of Klaipėda in 2014. The Klaipėda LNG terminal was called Independence, thus emphasising the aim to diversify energy market of Lithuania. Norwegian company Equinor will be supplying 540 million cubic meters of natural gas annually from 2015 until 2020.[8] The terminal is able to meet the Lithuania's demand 100 percent, and Latvia’s and Estonia’s national demand 90 percent in the future.[9]

Gas Interconnection Poland–Lithuania (GIPL), also known as Lithuania–Poland pipeline, is a proposed natural gas pipeline interconnection between Lithuania and Poland that is expected to be finished by 2019.

Natural gas companies in Lithuania include Lietuvos Dujos.

Electricity

Lithuania imports 70% of its power mostly from Sweden, and the average price of electricity is among the highest in EU.[10][11][12] In 2015, transmission lines connected Lithuania to Sweden (700MW) and Poland (500MW).

Renewable energy

Wind turbine in Lithuania

In 2016 Renewable energy in Lithuania constituted 27.9% of the country's overall electricity generation.[13] [14] Previously, the Lithuanian government aimed to generate 23% of total power from renewable resources by 2020, a goal was achieved in 2014 (23.9).

With new installed wind capacity of 178 MW in 2016, and an average power consumption of 1.1 GW, Lithuania is the EU Member State with the highest level of installed wind capacity relative to its power consumption (ratio of 16%).[15]

Kruonis Pumped Storage Plant, its main purpose is to provide a spinning reserve of the power system, to regulate the load curve of the power system 24 hours a day. Installed capacity of the pumped storage plant: 900 MW (4 units, 225 MW each). Kaunas Hydroelectric Power Plant, it supplies about 3% of the electrical demand in Lithuania.[16]

See also

References

  1. ↑ IEA Key energy statistics 2010 Page: Country specific indicator numbers from page 48
  2. ↑ "Lithuania's Energy Sector Development Trends" (PDF). www.lsta.lt. p. 2. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  3. ↑ "National Energy Independence Strategy" (PDF). gamyba.le.lt. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  4. ↑ "Questions and answers on the synchronisation of the Baltic States' electricity networks with the continental European network (CEN)". 28 June 2018. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
  5. ↑ IEA Key World Energy Statistics Statistics 2015, 2014 (2012R as in November 2015 + 2012 as in March 2014 is comparable to previous years statistical calculation criteria, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2006 IEA October, crude oil p.11, coal p. 13 gas p. 15
  6. ↑ "Lithuania becomes first ex-Soviet state to buy US natural gas". FT.COM (in Lithuanian). Retrieved 26 March 2018.
  7. ↑ "Lithuania breaks Gazprom's monopoly by signing first LNG deal". www.euractiv.com (in Lithuanian). Retrieved 26 March 2018.
  8. ↑ "Klaipėda LNG terminal Factsheet" (PDF). Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Lithuania. October 27, 2014. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
  9. ↑ "Klaipėda LNG Terminal one year on – independence or responsibility?". LRT.LT. November 11, 2015. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
  10. ↑ Electricity and natural gas price statistics EuroStat, May 2015.
  11. ↑ Current electricity flows Archived 2015-12-18 at the Wayback Machine.
  12. ↑ http://www.institutdelors.eu/media/balticstateseu-energypolicy-grigas-ne-jdi-july13.pdf?pdf=ok
  13. ↑
  14. ↑
  15. ↑ "Wind in power - 2016 European statistics" (PDF). Wind Europe. p. 18. Retrieved 21 March 2018.
  16. ↑ "Kauno HE modernizavimas" (in Lithuanian). Lietuvos Energija. Retrieved 2008-01-09.
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