Departments of Haiti

In the administrative divisions of Haiti, the department (French: département, pronounced [depaʁt(ə)mɑ̃]) is the first of four levels of government. Haiti is divided administratively into ten departments, which are further subdivided into 42 arrondissements, 145 communes, and 571 communal sections.[1][2][3]

In 2014, there was a proposal by the Chamber of Deputies to increase the number of departments from 10 to 14 —perhaps as high as 16.[4]

Departments of Haiti

Administration

Each departement has a departmental council (conseil départemental) compound of three members elected by the departmental assembly for a 4-year term. The departmental council is led by a president (président). The council is the executive organ of the department.

Each department has a departmental assembly who assists the council in its work. The departmental assembly is the deliberative organ of the department. The members of the departmental assembly are also elected for 4 years. The departmental assembly is led by a president.

History

Three Departments have roots in the former French colony of Saint-Domingue, namely: the Nord, Sud, and Ouest. In 1801, under Governor-General Toussaint Louverture, the "provinces," became known as departments.[5][6] In 1821, Artibonite was created and in 1844, Nord-Ouest, both derived out of the Nord and Ouest departments.[7][8] In 1962 during the reign of Duvalier, four new departments were created out of a territorial redistribution. These departments were: Centre, Grand'Anse, Nord-Ouest and Sud-Est. In 2003, a tenth department was created out of Grand'Anse, called Nippes.[8]

In the 1990s, before the creation of Nippes, the "10th Department" was a phrase commonly used in regards to the Haitian diaspora. As of the 21st century, it became known as the "11th."[8]

Demographics

Data based on 2015 estimates from the Haitian government.[9]

Map Department Capital Area (km²)PopulationDensity (Pop./km²)Map
1 Artibonite Gonaïves 4,9871,727,5243501
2 Centre Hinche 3,487746,2362102
3 Grand'Anse Jérémie 1,912468,301240 3
4 Nippes Miragoâne 1,268342,525270 4
5 Nord Cap-Haïtien 2,1151,067,177500 5
6 Nord-Est Fort-Liberté 1,623393,967240 6
7 Nord-Ouest Port-de-Paix 2,103728,807350 7
8 Ouest Port-au-Prince 4,9834,029,705810 8
9 Sud-Est Jacmel 2,034632,601310 9
10 Sud Les Cayes 2,654774,976290 10

See also

References

  1. ↑ Olivier, Louis-Joseph, ed. (14 August 2015). "Création de cinq nouvelles communes par décret présidentiel". Le Nouvelliste. Retrieved 17 March 2016. (in French)
  2. ↑ Press, ed. (16 August 2015). "Haïti - Politique : 5 nouvelles communes en Haïti". Haiti Libre. Retrieved 17 March 2016.
  3. ↑ "7300.- Divisions territoriales". Haiti-Référence. 17 August 2015. Retrieved 17 March 2016. (in French)
  4. ↑ Duval, Frantz (29 September 2014). "Le nouvel ordre géographique et administratif d'Haïti" (in French). Le Nouvelliste. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
  5. ↑ Press, ed. (1950). "Estadística, Volume 8, Issues 26-29". p. 207. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
  6. ↑ Kersuze, Simeon-Jones, ed. (2010). "Literary and Sociopolitical Writings of the Black Diaspora in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries". p. 16. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
  7. ↑ Press, ed. (March 2002). "Organisation Territoriale des Collectivités" (PDF). Commission nationale a la reforme administrative (CNRA). Retrieved 6 June 2017. (in French)
  8. 1 2 3 Hall, Michael R., ed. (2012). "Historical Dictionary of Haiti". p. 78. ISBN 9780810878105. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
  9. ↑ "Population totale de 18 ans et plus" (PDF) (in French). Institut Haitien de statistque et d'informatique (IHSI). March 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-11-06. Retrieved 12 January 2016.
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