Family tree of Confucius in the main line of descent

This is a family tree of the main line of descent of Confucius (Chinese: 孔子世家大宗).

Family tree

叔梁纥
Shu liang He
孟皮
Meng Pi		孔子
Confucius
551BC–479BC
孔鲤
Kong Li
532BC－483BC
孔伋
Kong Ji
483BC－402BC
孔白
Kong Bai
孔求
Kong Qiu
孔箕
Kong Ji
孔穿
Kong Chuan
孔谦
Kong Qian
孔鲋
Kong Fu		孔腾
Kong Teng
孔随
Kong Sui		孔忠
Kong Zhong
□孔武
Kong Wu
□孔延年
Kong Yannian
□孔霸
Kong Ba
孔吉
Kong Ji		孔福
Kong Fu
孔何齐
Kong Heqi		孔房
Kong Fang
孔弘
Kong Hong		孔均
Kong Jun
孔安
Kong An		孔志
Kong Zhi
孔损
Kong Sun
孔曜
Kong Yao
孔完
Kong Wan		孔赞
Kong Zan
孔羡
Kong Xian
孔震
Kong Zhen
孔嶷
Kong Ni
孔抚
Kong Fu
孔懿
Kong Yi
孔鲜
Kong Xian
孔乘
Kong Cheng
孔灵珍
Kong Lingzhen
孔文泰
Kong Wentai
孔渠
Kong Qu
孔长孙
Kong
Zhangsun
孔英悊
Kong Yingzhe		孔嗣悊
Kong Sizhe
孔德伦
Kong Delun
孔崇基
Kong Chongji
孔璲之
Kong Suizhi
孔萱
Kong Xuan
孔齐卿
Kong Qiqing
孔惟晊
Kong Weizhi
孔策
Kong Ce
孔振
Kong Zhen
孔昭俭
Kong Zhaojian
孔光嗣
Kong Guangsi
孔仁玉
Kong Renyu
912－956
孔宜
Kong Yi
941－986
孔延世
Kong Yanshi
969－1006		孔延泽
Kong Yanze
孔圣佑
Kong Shengyou
998－1032		孔宗愿
Kong
Zongyuan
孔若蒙
Kong Ruomeng		孔若虚
Kong Ruoxu
?－1104		孔若愚
Kong Ruoyu
孔端友
Kong Duanyou
1078－1132		孔端操
Kong Duancao
?－1133		孔端立
Kong Duanli
孔玠
Kong Jie
1122－1154		孔瑄
Kong Xuan		孔璠
Kong Fan
1106－1143		孔瑱
Kong Tian		孔琥
Kong Hu
孔搢
Kong Jin
1145－1193		孔拯
Kong Zheng
1136－1161		孔摠
Kong Zong
1138－1190		孔拂
Kong Fu
孔文远
Kong Wenyuan
1185－1226		孔元措
Kong Yuancuo
1182－1251		孔元綋
Kong Yuanhong		孔元孝
Kong Yuanxiao		孔元用
Kong Yuanyong
?－1227
孔万春
Kong Wanchun
?－1241		Dashed lines
denote adoption		孔之固
Kong Zhigu		孔之厚
Kong Zhihou		孔之全
Kong Zhiquan
孔洙
Kong Zhu
1228－1287		孔浈
Kong Zhen		孔浣
Kong Huan
?－1283		孔治
Kong Zhi
1237－1307
孔思晦
Kong Sihui
1267－1333		孔思诚
Kong Sicheng
孔克坚
Kong Kejian
1316－1370
孔希学
Kong Xixue
孔讷
Kong Ne
1356?－1400
孔公鑑
Kong Gongjian
1380－1402
孔彦缙
Kong Yanjin
1401－1455
孔承庆
Kong Chengqing
1420－1450
孔宏绪
Kong Hongxu
1448－1503		孔宏泰
Kong Hongtai
1450－1503
孔闻韶
Kong Wenshao
1482－1546
孔贞宁
Kong Zhenning		孔贞幹
Kong Zhengan
1519－1556
孔尚坦
Kong Shangtan		孔尚贤
Kong Shangxian
1544－1621
孔衍植
Kong Yanzhi
1592－1647		孔衍桂
Kong Yangui		孔衍椿
Kong Yanchun
1571－1619
孔兴燮
Kong Xingxie
1636－1667
孔毓圻
Kong Yuqi
1657－1723
孔传铎
Kong Chuanduo
1673－1732
孔继濩
Kong Jihuo
1687－1719
孔广棨
Kong Guangqi
1713－1743
孔昭焕
Kong Zhaohuan
1735－1783
孔宪培
Kong Xianpei
1756－1793		孔宪增
Kong Xianzeng
孔庆镕
Kong Qingrong
1787－1841
孔繁灏
Kong Fanhao
1804－1860
孔祥珂
Kong Xiangke
1848－1876
孔令贻
Kong Lingyi
1872－1919
孔德成
Kung Te-cheng
1920–2008
孔维益
Kong Weiyi
1939–1989
孔垂長
Kong Tsui
-chang
1975–
孔佑仁
Kong Youren
2006–

List of prominent members of the family not shown on the tree

The title of Duke of Song and "Duke Who Continues and Honours the Yin" (殷紹嘉公) were bestowed upon Kong An (孔安 (東漢) by the Eastern Han dynasty because he was part of the Shang dynasty's legacy.[1][2] This branch of the Confucius family is a separate branch from the line that held the title of Marquis of Fengsheng village and later Duke Yansheng.

  • Kong Anguo 12th generation descendant, son of Kong Zhong (孔忠)
  • Kong Jie 孔捷、Kong Xi 孔喜、Kong Guang 孔光, sons of Kong Ba 孔霸, younger brothers of Kong Fu 孔福. 14th generation descendants.
  • Kong Zhou (Eastern Han) 20th generation descendant
  • Kong Rong 20th generation descendant
  • The Southern Branch of the Confucius family at Quzhou. During the Southern Song dynasty the descendant of Confucius at Qufu, the Duke Yansheng Kong Duanyou fled south with the Song Emperor to Quzhou, while the newly established Jin dynasty (1115–1234) in the north appointed Kong Duanyou's brother Kong Duancao who remained in Qufu as Duke Yansheng. From that time up until the Yuan dynasty, there were two Duke Yanshengs, one in the north in Qufu and the other in the south at Quzhou. An invitation to come back to Qufu was extended to the southern Duke Yansheng Kong Zhu by the Yuan dynasty Emperor Kublai Khan. The title was taken away from the southern branch after Kong Zhu rejected the invitation,[3][4][5] so the northern branch of the family kept the title of Duke Yansheng. The southern branch still remained in Quzhou where they lived to this day. Confucius's descendants in Quzhou alone number 30,000.[6][7] The Hanlin Academy rank of Wujing boshi 五經博士 was awarded to the southern branch at Quzhou by a Ming Emperor while the northern branch at Qufu held the title Duke Yansheng.[4][8][9]
    • Kong Ruogu 孔若古 Kong Chuan(孔傳)[4] 47th generation[10][11][12] Claimed to be the ancestor of the Southern branch after Kong Zhu died by Northern branch member Kong Guanghuang.[3][13][14] The leader of the southern branch is 孔祥楷 Kong Xiangkai.[15]
  • Kong Daofu 孔道輔 45th generation, Grand Master of Remonstrance of the Right under Emperor Renzong of Song[16][17][18]
  • Kong Zonghan 孔宗翰 46th generation, Song dynasty official[19]
  • Kong Zongyuan 孔宗願 46th generation
  • Kong Ruozhuo 孔若拙 47th generation
  • Kong Yu 孔瑀, 49th generation [20]
  • Kong Zongshou 孔宗壽 46th generation[21][22][23]
  • Kong Jian 孔僉[24][25]
  • Kong Shuxuan 孔淑玄
  • Kong Yingda 32nd generation descendant, son of Kong An (孔安) 31st generation, son of Kong Shuo (孔碩) 30st generation, son of Kong Linggui (孔靈龜 29th generation, descendant of Kong Yang 孔扬 22nd generation, son of Kong Yu 孔郁 21st generation, 7th generation descendant of Kong Fu 孔福) (The Kong An here was a 31st generation descendant who lived during the Northern Qi and was not the same as the Kong An (孔安) shown on the tree who was a 17th generation descendant who lived during the Eastern Han dynasty)
  • Kong Xiuyuan 孔休源 32nd generation
  • Kong Zongfan 孔宗笵 33rd generation
  • Kong Yuntong 孔雲童 33rd generation
  • Kong Keren 孔克仁 55th generation descendant.[26]
  • Kong Gongxun 孔公恂 58th generation
  • Kong Wenji 孔聞籍 62nd generation
  • Kong Zhenkan 孔貞堪, 63rd generation, Magistrate of Qufu, surrendered to Li Zicheng.[27]
  • Kong Shangze 孔尚則[28] 64th generation.
  • Kong Youde
  • Kong Shangren 64th generation descendant
  • Kong Xianglin (K'ung Hsiang-lin)孔祥霖[29] 75th generation descendant
  • H. H. Kung (Kong Xiangxi) 75th generation descendant, son of Kong Fanci (孔繁慈)
  • Kong Xianglin 孔祥林, philosopher, Deputy Dean of the Research Institute of Confucianism, Director of the Qufu Committee for the Preservation of Cultural Relics.[31]
  • Kong Fanqi (孔繁琪) 74th generation descendant, mother of Li Fengshan (李鳳山) and grandmother of Ann Li (李怜宜)
  • Kong Zhaoshou 71st generation descendant
  • Kong Zhaowei 孔昭巍 71st generation descendant[32]
  • Kong Deyong, 77th generation descendant[33]
  • Kong Xiangxian, Chinese Muslims, 75th generation descendant[34]
  • Kong Dejun (孔德軍) Chinese Muslim Islamic scholar, 77th generation descendant[35][36][37][38][39] specializes in Arabic language[40][41][42] translator of Quran[43]
  • Kong Lingyu 孔令玉, Chinese Muslim, 76th generation descendant[44][45]
  • Kong Lingkui 孔令奎, Chinese Muslim, 76th generation descendant[46]
  • Kong Lingzhen 孔令貞, Chinese Muslim, 76th generation descendant[47][48]
  • Kong Lingjun 孔令儁,[49][50] 76th generation descendant[51]
  • Kong Qingdong 孔慶東 73rd generation descendant
  • William Hung 孔慶翔 (Kǒng Qìngxiáng) 73rd generation descendant.[52]
  • 曲阜孔氏 (곡부 공씨 in Korean): During the Yuan dynasty, Gong So (孔紹/공소, 1304-1381), who claimed to be one of the Duke Yansheng Kong Huan's 孔浣 sons, moved from China to Goryeo era Korea, wedding a Korean woman (Jo Jin-gyeong's [曹晉慶] daughter) during Toghon Temür's rule. Gong So's descendants have established numerous cadet branches to the modern era.[53][54][55][56][57][58]

Generation name

Along with the descendants of the other Four Sages (Confucius, Mencius, Zengzi, and Yan Hui), the descendants of Confucius still determine part of their children's given names using this generation poem given to them by the Ming dynasty Jianwen Emperor and extended by later emperors:[59]

希言公彥承，宏聞貞尚衍；
興毓傳繼廣，昭憲慶繁祥；
令德維垂佑，欽紹念顯揚；
建道敦安定，懋修肇彝常；
裕文煥景瑞，永錫世緒昌。

See also

Bibliography

  • Records of the Grand Historian: Annals of the Shang Dynasty 《史记·殷本纪》
  • Wang Guowei, Guantang Jilin 王国维《观堂集林》
  • Records of the Grand Historian: House of Song Weizi《史记·宋微子世家》
  • Records of the Grand Historian: House of Kongzi《史记·孔子世家》
  • Chunqiu Zuozhuan zhengyi 《春秋左传正义·昭公七年》
  • Book of Han: Annals of Emperor Cheng 《汉书·成帝纪》
  • Book of Han: Table of nobles from families of the imperial consorts《汉书·外戚恩泽表》
  • Book of Han: Biographies of Kuang, Zhang, Kong and Ma《汉书·匡张孔马传》
  • Book of the Later Han: Biographies of Confucians 《后汉书·儒林传上·孔僖传》
  • Annotation of Book of the Later Han: Biographies of Confucians 《后汉书注·儒林传上·孔僖传》
  • New Book of Tang: Table of genealogy of Chancellors V 《新唐书·宰相世系表五》
  • History of Song: Biographies of Confucians I 《宋史·儒林一·孔宜传》
  • History of Song: Rites 22《宋史•志第七十二》
  • History of Jin: Biography of Kong Fan 《金史·孔璠传》
  • History of Yuan: Biography of Kong Sihui 《元史·孔思晦传》
  • History of Ming: Biographies of Confucians Ⅲ 《明史·儒林三·孔希学传》
  • Draft History of Qing: Biographies of Confucians IV《清史稿·儒林四》
  • Liancongzi《连从子·叙书》
  • Genealogy book of House of Kongzi《孔子世家谱》 山东友谊出版社 ISBN 7-80551-265-5
  • Family Sayings of Confucius 《孔子家語》

References

  1. ↑ Rafe de Crespigny (28 December 2006). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23–220 AD). BRILL. pp. 389–. ISBN 978-90-474-1184-0.
  2. ↑ 《汉书·杨胡朱梅云传》：初，武帝时，始封周后姬嘉为周子南君，至元帝时，尊周子南君为周承休侯，位次诸侯王。使诸大夫博士求殷后，分散为十余姓，郡国往往得其大家，推求子孙，绝不能纪。时，匡衡议，以为“王者存二王后，所以尊其先王而通三统也。其犯诛绝之罪者绝，而更封他亲为始封君，上承其王者之始祖。《春秋》之义，诸侯不能守其社稷者绝。今宋国已不守其统而失国矣，则宜更立殷后为始封君，而上承汤统，非当继宋之绝侯也，宜明得殷后而已。今之故宋，推求其嫡，久远不可得；虽得其嫡，嫡之先已绝，不当得立。《礼记》孔子曰：‘丘，殷人也。’先师所共传，宜以孔子世为汤后。”上以其语不经，遂见寝。
  3. 1 2 B. Paul Banning. "AAS Abstracts: China Session 45". Aas2.asian-studies.org. Archived from the original on 2016-10-06. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
  4. 1 2 3 "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-05-03.
  5. ↑ Thomas Jansen; Thoralf Klein; Christian Meyer (21 March 2014). Globalization and the Making of Religious Modernity in China: Transnational Religions, Local Agents, and the Study of Religion, 1800–Present. BRILL. pp. 187–188. ISBN 978-90-04-27151-7.
    "The Ritual Formation of Confucian Orthodoxy and the Descendants of the Sage (PDF Download Available)". Researchgate.net. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
  6. ↑ "Nation observes Confucius anniversary". China Daily. 2006-09-29. Archived from the original on 2016-01-08.
  7. ↑ "Confucius Anniversary Celebrated". China Daily. September 29, 2006. Archived from the original on September 14, 2015.
  8. ↑ Thomas A. Wilson (2002). On Sacred Grounds: Culture, Society, Politics, and the Formation of the Cult of Confucius. Harvard University Asia Center. pp. 69, 315. ISBN 978-0-674-00961-5.
  9. ↑ Thomas Jansen; Thoralf Klein; Christian Meyer (21 March 2014). Globalization and the Making of Religious Modernity in China: Transnational Religions, Local Agents, and the Study of Religion, 1800–Present. BRILL. pp. 188–. ISBN 978-90-04-27151-7.
  10. ↑ "磐安发现一处宋墓 墓主是孔子47代裔孙（图）_江苏频道_凤凰网". Js.ifeng.com. Archived from the original on 2016-06-05. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
    "磐安孔氏家庙-浙江省非物质文化遗产网/浙江非遗网". Zjfeiyi.cn. 2014-04-23. Archived from the original on 2016-06-03. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
    "金华磐安发现一处宋代古墓 墓主疑是孔子47代裔孙-浙江省殡葬协会". Zjbzxh.org. 2015-03-27. Archived from the original on 2016-10-06. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
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  12. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-06-05. Retrieved 2016-05-21.
  13. ↑ "The Ritual Formation of Confucian Orthodoxy and the Descendants of the Sage". Researchgate.net. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
  14. ↑ Wilson, Thomas A. (1996). "The Ritual Formation of Confucian Orthodoxy and the Descendants of the Sage". The Journal of Asian Studies. Cambridge University Press. 55: 559–84. doi:10.2307/2646446. JSTOR 2646446.
  15. ↑ Thomas Jansen; Thoralf Klein; Christian Meyer (21 March 2014). Globalization and the Making of Religious Modernity in China: Transnational Religions, Local Agents, and the Study of Religion, 1800–Present. BRILL. pp. 189–. ISBN 978-90-04-27151-7. Archived from the original on 23 February 2017.
  16. ↑ 畢沅 (1 September 2014). 續資治通鑑. 朔雪寒. pp. 540–. GGKEY:4JFC8P77U5Z.
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    四庫全書補正: 子部. 臺灣商務印書館. 1999. pp. 606–. ISBN 978-957-05-1627-2.
    "孔 舜亮 四十六代嫡孫 道輔長子 – I112 – 個人資料 – PhpGedView". Us.dazupu.net. Archived from the original on 2016-06-01. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
    "孔 道輔夫人 – I111 – 個人資料 – PhpGedView". Us.dazupu.net. Archived from the original on 2016-06-01. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
    Qin ding da Qing hui dian (Jiaqing chao). 1818. pp. 762–.
  18. ↑ 薛應旂; 33 Hefte in 4 Umschlägen ZALT; Bibliothek Arthur von Rosthorn ZALT (1626). Song Yuan tongjian. pp. 676–.
  19. ↑ "孔氏宗亲网-孔子后裔的网上家园-孔宗翰". Kong.org.cn. Archived from the original on 2016-03-13. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
  20. ↑ Modern Chinese Religion I (2 vol.set): Song-Liao-Jin-Yuan (960–1368 AD). BRILL. 8 December 2014. pp. 812–813. ISBN 978-90-04-27164-7.
    "Project MUSE – Heirloom and Exemplar: Family and School Portraits of Confucius in the Song and Yuan Periods". Muse.jhu.edu. doi:10.1353/sys.2011.0021. Archived from the original on 2016-06-29. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
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    "孔 宗壽 四十六代嫡孫 + 孔 宗寿夫人 – PhpGedView". Us.dazupu.net. Archived from the original on 2016-05-31. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
    Modern Chinese Religion I (2 vol.set): Song-Liao-Jin-Yuan (960–1368 AD). BRILL. 8 December 2014. pp. 816–. ISBN 978-90-04-27164-7.
    Guangxi tong zhi. 1802. pp. 2–.
  22. ↑ 关戈 高峰 (11 December 2014). 千年圣地——孔府孔庙孔林. 青苹果数据中心. pp. 35–. GGKEY:P9GU680L6X9.
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    "Infobase". Sdsqw.cn. Archived from the original on 2016-06-04. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
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  25. ↑ "ÁºÊé". Guoxue.com. Archived from the original on 2016-10-06. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
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  27. ↑ Zhang, Yimin (June 2006). The Role of Literati in Military Action during the Ming-Qing Transition Period (PDF) (Doctor of Philosophy). Montreal, Quebec: McGill University. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-494-27860-4. Retrieved 2017-08-14.
  28. ↑ Qinyuan Xinchuan Quanbian. Archived from the original on 2016-08-13.
  29. ↑ Great Britain. Legation (China) (1907). List of the Higher Metropolitan and Provincial Authorities of China (with Genealogical Table of the Imperial Family). Kelly and Walsh, Limited. pp. 20, 46.
  30. ↑ Bacon, James (April 21, 1962). "Debra Paget Weds Oilman, Nephew of Madame Chiang". Independent. p. 11. Archived from the original on June 13, 2015. Retrieved June 11, 2015 – via Newspapers.com.
  31. ↑ Xinzhong Yao (2003). RoutledgeCurzon Encyclopedia of Confucianism. RoutledgeCurzon. pp. ix–. ISBN 978-0-415-30652-2.
    Yingjie Guo (1 March 2004). Cultural Nationalism in Contemporary China. Routledge. pp. 112–. ISBN 978-1-134-35227-2.
    Jesús Solé-Farràs (20 November 2013). New Confucianism in Twenty-First Century China: The Construction of a Discourse. Routledge. pp. 86–. ISBN 978-1-134-73908-0.
    Janette Ai (19 September 2014). Politics and Traditional Culture: The Political Use of Traditions in Contemporary China. World Scientific. pp. 51–. ISBN 978-981-4596-77-0.
    Beijing Review. Beijing Review. 2006. p. 54.
    Xinhua News Bulletin. Xinhua News Agency, Hongkong Branch. 12 October 1985. p. 63.
  32. ↑ "孔子其实是个作曲家 在他倡议下文人弹琴成风——新华网江西频道". Jx.xinhuanet.com. Archived from the original on 2016-10-06. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
  33. ↑ Foster, Peter (2009-09-25). "Confucius family tree unveiled". Telegraph. Archived from the original on 2016-04-10. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
  34. ↑ "New Confucius Genealogy out next year". China.org.cn. 2008-10-31. Archived from the original on 2016-10-10. Retrieved 2016-07-24.
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Further reading

  • Chapin, David (2012). Long Lines: Ten of the World's Longest Continuous CHART Lineages. College Station, Texas: VirtualBookWorm.com. ISBN 978-1-60264-933-0.
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