Billy Mitchell (volcano)

Billy Mitchell volcano
The dark-colored caldera lake of Billy Mitchell is at right, above an ash plume originating from Bagana.
Highest point
Elevation 1,544 m (5,066 ft)
Coordinates 6°06′S 155°13′E / 6.100°S 155.217°E / -6.100; 155.217Coordinates: 6°06′S 155°13′E / 6.100°S 155.217°E / -6.100; 155.217 
Geography
Billy Mitchell volcano
Parent range Emperor Range
Geology
Mountain type Pyroclastic shield
Volcanic arc/belt Bougainville & Solomon Is.
Last eruption 1580 ± 20 years
Billy Mitchell
Location Bougainville Island
Coordinates 6°06′00″S 155°13′00″E / 6.1°S 155.21667°E / -6.1; 155.21667 (Billy Mitchel (crater lake))
Type crater lake
Basin countries Papua New Guinea
Surface area ~3 square kilometres (1.2 sq mi)[1]
Max. depth ~90 metres (300 ft)[1]

Billy Mitchell is a volcano in the central part of the island of Bougainville, just north-east of the Bagana Volcano in Papua New Guinea. It is a small pyroclastic shield truncated by a 2 km wide caldera filled by a crater lake.[2] It is named after Billy Mitchell, a 20th-century United States Army general who is regarded as the father of the United States Air Force.

The last two major eruptions were in 1580 AD ± 20 years and about 1030 AD. They were among the largest Holocene eruptions in Papua New Guinea. Both were explosive eruptions with a Volcanic Explosivity Index of at least 5. The 1580 AD ± 20 years eruption produced pyroclastic flows and probably formed its caldera.[3] The ignimbrite deposit from that eruption, which had a VEI of 6, extends 22 kilometres (14 mi) from the caldera to the coast, and its volume is around 10 cubic kilometres (2.4 cu mi).[1]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 The Billy Mitchell volcano at VolcanoLive.com
  2. ↑ The Billy Mitchell at the Global Volcanism Program website
  3. ↑ The Billy Mitchell erupts at the Global Volcanism Program website
  • Photo of the Billy Mitchell Crater Lake
  • "Billy Mitchell". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2011-11-08.


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