22nd century
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The 22nd century will be a century of the Anno Domini or Common Era in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. It will be the century following the current 21st century, beginning on January 1, 2101 and ending on December 31, 2200.
Technological predictions
- Work on cleaning up the site of the Oldbury Nuclear Power Station near Thornbury, South Gloucestershire, England, which was decommissioned on 29 February 2012, is scheduled to be complete between 2092 and 2101.[1]
- According to the Discovery Channel documentary, Extreme Engineering, the Japanese proposed Shimizu Mega-City Pyramid could be complete by 2110.[2][3]
- The One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100) initiated by Stanford University will be concluded in 2115.[4][5][6]
- 2162 or later: The satellite Envisat, declared "dead" in 2012, is expected to deorbit and burn up in the atmosphere no earlier than 2162.[7]
- By 2200, it is predicted that Earth will become a Type I civilization on the Kardashev scale, according to Nikolai Kardashev's extrapolation of 1% energy usage growth per year.[8]
Social predictions
- According to the UN Population Bureau, life expectancy in 2200 will be around 100 for developed countries and the world population will be about 11 billion. However, the UN has warned that these projections could be invalidated by any change and progress in future life extension technology and discoveries, as well as changes in future birthrates.[9]
Biological predictions
- By 2100, 12% (about 1,250) of the bird species existing at the beginning of the twenty-first century are expected to be extinct or threatened with extinction.[10]
- By 2100, emperor penguins could be pushed to the brink of extinction due to global climate change, according to a Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution study from January 2009. The study applied mathematical models to predict how the loss of sea ice from climate warming would affect an Antarctica colony of emperor penguins, they forecast a decline of 50% by the end of the century.[11]
Calendric predictions
- On March 14, 2100 (which will be February 29, 2100 in the Julian calendar), the difference between the Julian calendar and the Gregorian calendar reaches 14 days. Since 14 is divisible by 7, this will be the first time in history since its inception that the Gregorian calendar will have the same day of the week for each day of the month for the whole year as the Julian calendar. This will last until February 28, 2200 of the Gregorian Calendar.
- FAT file systems theoretically support dates up to December 31, 2107 (though officially only up to December 31, 2099).
- The Year type in MySQL supports dates up to December 31, 2155.
- March 17, 2160 – Unless changes are made as to when Easter can be observed, this particular March 17 will fall within Holy Week for the first time since 2008 and fall on the same day (Monday) as it did in that year, likely requiring the movement of the Feast of Saint Patrick's Day to another date.[12]
Time capsules
- April 27, 2109 – A time capsule placed under the floor boards of the Old Queens Building at Rutgers University, in New Jersey, buried on April 27, 2009 is scheduled to be opened.[13]
- September 19, 2110 – A time capsule at the Plaza de Armas in Santiago, Chile is intended to be opened on that date. It was buried in 2010.
- November 18, 2112 – The City of Beaumont, California in the United States will open their time capsule in honor of its Bi-Centennial.
- 2112 – A time capsule buried in Weavers Academy, Wellingborough, UK, will be opened after 100 years of being buried.
- November 18, 2115 – Robert Rodriguez and John Malkovich teamed up with Louis XIII de Rémy Martin (cognac) to create a film called 100 Years which will be put in a time capsule and released 100 years later.
- 2132 – A time capsule on Rideau Street in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada is intended to be opened that year. It was buried in 1982.
- 2193 – A time capsule at the York Civic Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada is intended to be opened that year.[14] It was buried in 1997.
Astronomical predictions
Solar eclipses
- December 8, 2113: Annular solar eclipse,[15] (9 min 35 s), Solar Saros 134.
- June 3, 2114: Total solar eclipse[16] of 6 min 32 s, Solar Saros 139.
- December 19, 2131: Annular solar eclipse,[17] (10 min 14 s), saros 134.
- June 13, 2132: Total solar eclipse[18] of 6 min 55 s, saros 139.
- December 30, 2149: Annular solar eclipse,[19] (10 min 42 s), saros 134.
- June 25, 2150: Solar eclipse[20] of 7 min 14 s, Solar Saros 139.
Exceeding 7 minutes of totality, this will be the first time this has happened in 177 years; the last one occurred on June 30, 1973,[21] when the Concorde prototype followed the totality spot for 73 minutes. - January 10, 2168: Annular solar eclipse,[22] (10 min 55 s), saros 134.
- July 5, 2168: Total solar eclipse[23] of 7 min 26 s, saros 139.
- January 20, 2186: Annular solar eclipse,[24] (10 min 53 s), saros 134.
- Total solar eclipse of July 16, 2186[25] of 7 min 29 s (very close to the theoretical maximum), Saros 139, "crowning" this series.
This is predicted to be the longest eclipse during the current 10,000 year period, from 4000 BC to 6000 AD (eclipse predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA/GSFC.DEPP).[26]
Lunar eclipses
- June 9, 2123: Long-duration lunar eclipse of approximately 106.1 minutes.[27]
- June 19, 2141: Long-duration lunar eclipse of about 106.1 minutes. This lunar eclipse is in the same Saros series (132) as the long lunar eclipse in 2123, and has an almost identical duration.[28]
Triple conjunctions
Transits and occultations
- December 11, 2117: Transit of Venus.[31]
- September 14, 2123: At 15:28 UTC, Venus will occult Jupiter.[32]
- December 8, 2125: Transit of Venus.[33]
- July 29, 2126: At 16:08 UTC, Mercury will occult Mars.[34]
- December 3, 2133: At 14:14 UTC, Mercury will occult Venus.
- September 2, 2197: Venus occults Spica.
Last occultation of Spica by Venus was on November 10, 1783.[35] - December 24, 2197: Earth's Moon will occult Neptune.
Other phenomena
- August, 2113: First time Pluto reaches aphelion since its discovery.[36]
- March 10, 2130: At 07:32 UTC, Sun passes through the solar system barycenter.[37]
- 2134: Comet Halley will return to the inner solar system.[38]
- 2135–2136: Halley's comet will be at perihelion.[38]
- August 5, 2150: Main-belt asteroid 78 Diana (~125 km in diameter) will pass about 0.003 AU (450,000 km; 280,000 mi) from Earth threatening asteroid (29075) 1950 DA and perturb 1950 DA's long-term trajectory.[39]
- May 19, 2161: All eight planets are predicted to be on the same side of the sun, within 69 degrees.[40]
- 2174: The second full orbit of Neptune around the Sun since its discovery in 1846.
- 2177: "First Plutonian anniversary" of the dwarf planet's discovery, given that Pluto's orbit is just under 248 Earth years.
- 2182: With an estimated probability of 0.07%, Apollo asteroid 1999 RQ36 could hit the Earth.
See also
References
- ↑ Enoch, Nick (February 29, 2012). "World's oldest nuclear power station closes... but it will take 90 more years and £954m to clear it completely". Daily Mail. London. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
- ↑ New Mega-City Challenge – Concept. Geekwidget (2010-03-29). Retrieved on 2014-01-19.
- ↑ city in pyramid on YouTube
- ↑ "Stanford to host 100-year study on artificial intelligence". Stanford University. 16 December 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
- ↑ "Study to Examine Effects of Artificial Intelligence". The New York Times. 15 December 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
- ↑ "One-Hundred Year Study of Artificial Intelligence: Reflections and Framing". Eric Horvitz. 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
- ↑ Wall, Mike (2012-05-11). "Dead Satellite Envisat May Be Space Junk for 150 Years". Huffington Post. Huffington Post. Retrieved 2012-05-13.
- ↑ Kaku, Michio (April 26, 2004). "How Advanced Could They Be?". Astrobiology Magazine. Retrieved January 7, 2010.
- ↑ World population in 2300. (PDF) . Retrieved on 2014-01-19.
- ↑ Pimm, Stuart; et al. (2006). "Human impacts on the rates of recent, present, and future bird extinctions". PNAS. 103 (29): 10941–10946. Bibcode:2006PNAS..10310941P. doi:10.1073/pnas.0604181103. PMC 1544153. PMID 16829570.
- ↑ Dunham, Will. "Melting Sea Ice May Doom Emperor Penguins, Study Finds". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 26, 2008.
- ↑ Nevans-Pederson, Mary (2008-03-13). "No St. Pat's Day Mass allowed in Holy Week". Dubuque Telegraph Herald. Woodward Communications, Inc. Archived from the original on October 16, 2008. Retrieved 2008-03-13.
- ↑ Diduch, Mary (April 27, 2009). "U. celebrates Old Queens bicentennial". The Daily Targum. Rutgers University: College Media Network. Archived from the original on January 1, 2010. Retrieved June 16, 2009.
At the ceremony, a time capsule was revealed containing several items from today to leave for the University in 2109, at the building’s tricentennial commemoration.
- ↑ York Civic Centre. Archived 2010-05-28 at the Wayback Machine. Freebase (2006-10-23). Retrieved on 2014-01-19.
- ↑ Eclipse of December 8, 2113. NASA solar eclipse web page.
- ↑ Eclipse of June 3, 2114. NASA solar eclipse web page.
- ↑ Eclipse of December 19, 2131. NASA solar eclipse web page.
- ↑ Eclipse of June 13, 2132. NASA solar eclipse web page.
- ↑ Eclipse of December 30, 2149. NASA solar eclipse web page.
- ↑ Eclipse of June 25, 2150. NASA solar eclipse web page.
- ↑ Solar eclipse of June 30, 1973 Archived March 7, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. NASA solar eclipse web page.
- ↑ Eclipse of January 10, 2168. NASA solar eclipse web page.
- ↑ Eclipse of July 5, 2168 Archived March 7, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.. NASA solar eclipse web page.
- ↑ Eclipse of January 20, 2186. NASA solar eclipse web page.
- ↑ Eclipse of July 16, 2186 Archived March 7, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.. NASA solar eclipse web page.
- ↑ Ten Millennium Catalog of Long Solar Eclipses. NASA solar eclipse web page.
- ↑ NASA Lunar Eclipse web site. Retrieved on 2014-01-19.
- ↑ Catalog of Lunar Eclipses: 2101 to 2200. Retrieved on 2014-01-19.
- ↑ Triple Conjunction. Wn.com. Retrieved on 2014-01-19.
- 1 2 "Triple Conjunction". Archived from the original on 2012-03-20. Retrieved 2012-03-20. . Science Fair Project Encyclopedia
- ↑ HM Nautical Almanac Office: 2117 Transit of Venus. Astro.ukho.gov.uk (2011-05-03). Retrieved on 2014-01-19.
- ↑ Articles – Occultation – OPT Telescopes Archived March 31, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.. Optcorp.com. Retrieved on 2014-01-19.
- ↑ HM Nautical Almanac Office: 2125 Transit of Venus. Astro.ukho.gov.uk (2011-05-03). Retrieved on 2014-01-19.
- ↑ "Occultation - Mutual planetary transits and occultations - Encyclopedia II". Archived from the original on 2013-12-13. Retrieved 2013-12-13.
- ↑ Earth-Sky Tonight, March 26, 2010 Archived July 7, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ A New Peek at Pluto. Astrobio.net (2002-12-18). Retrieved on 2014-01-19.
- ↑ The Barycentre of the solar system Archived March 23, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.. Bautforum.com. Retrieved on 2014-01-19.
- 1 2 "A Special Issue on Halley's Comet". The Universe in the Classroom. Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 1985. Archived from the original on August 25, 2012. Retrieved 27 July 2017.
- ↑ Giorgini, J. D.; Ostro, S. J; Benner, L. A. M.; Chodas, P.W.; et al. (2002). "Asteroid 1950 DA's Encounter With Earth in 2880: Physical Limits of Collision Probability Prediction" (PDF). Science. 296 (5565): 132–136. Bibcode:2002Sci...296..132G. doi:10.1126/science.1068191. PMID 11935024.
- ↑ "Ideas & Trends in Summary; It's All Right To Come Out Now". The New York Times. March 14, 1982. Retrieved October 1, 2014.
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