2008
| Millennium: | 3rd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 2008 by topic: |
| Arts |
| Architecture – Comics – Film – Home video – Literature (Poetry) – Music (Country, Metal, UK) – Radio – Television – Video gaming |
| Politics |
| Elections – International leaders – Sovereign states Sovereign state leaders – Territorial governors |
| Science and technology |
| Archaeology – Aviation – Birding/Ornithology – Meteorology – Palaeontology – Rail transport – Spaceflight |
| Sports |
| Association football (soccer) – Athletics (track and field) – Badminton – Baseball – Basketball – Boxing – Cricket – Golf – Horse racing – Ice hockey – Motorsport – Road cycling – Rugby league – Rugby union – Table tennis – Tennis – Volleyball |
| By place |
| Afghanistan – Albania – Algeria – Antarctica – Argentina – Armenia – Australia – Austria – Azerbaijan – Bangladesh – Belgium – Bhutan – Bosnia and Herzegovina – Brazil – Canada – Cape Verde – Chile – China – Colombia – Costa Rica – Croatia – Cuba – Denmark – El Salvador – Egypt – Estonia – Ethiopia – European Union – Finland – France – Georgia – Germany – Ghana – Greece – Guatemala – Hungary – Iceland – India – Indonesia – Iraq – Iran – Ireland – Israel – Italy – Japan – Kenya – Kuwait – Laos – Latvia – Libya – Lithuania – Luxembourg – Macau – Malaysia – Mexico – Moldova – Myanmar – Nepal – Netherlands – New Zealand – Nigeria – North Korea – Norway – Pakistan – Palestinian territories – Philippines – Poland – Romania – Russia – Rwanda – Serbia – Singapore – South Africa – South Korea – Spain – Sri Lanka – Sweden – Taiwan – Tanzania – Thailand – Turkey – Ukraine – United Arab Emirates – United Kingdom – United States – Venezuela – Vietnam – Yemen – Zimbabwe |
| Other topics |
| Awards – Law – Religious leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Works and introductions categories |
| Works – Introductions Works entering the public domain |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2008. |
2008 (MMVIII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2008th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 8th year of the 3rd millennium, the 8th year of the 21st century, and the 9th year of the 2000s decade.
2008 was designated as:
Events
January
- January 1 – Cyprus and Malta adopt the euro.[2][3]
- January 14 – At 19:04:39 UTC, the unmanned MESSENGER space probe is at its closest approach during its first flyby of the planet Mercury.[4]
- January 21 – Stock markets around the world plunge amid growing fears of a U.S. recession, fueled by the 2007 subprime mortgage crisis.[5]
- January 24 – A peace deal is signed in Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo, ending the Kivu conflict.[6]
February
- February 4 – Iran opens its first space center and launches a rocket into space.[7]
- February 13 – Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd delivers a formal apology to the Stolen Generations.[8]
- February 17 – Kosovo formally declares independence from Serbia, with a mixed response from the international community.[9][10]
March
- March–April – Rising food and fuel prices trigger riots and unrest in the Third World.
- March 2 – Venezuela and Ecuador move troops to the Colombian border, following a Colombian raid against FARC guerrillas inside Ecuadorian territory, in which senior commander Raúl Reyes is killed.[11][12]
- March 9 – The first European Space Agency Automated Transfer Vehicle, a cargo spacecraft for the International Space Station, launches from Guiana Space Centre in French Guiana.[13]
- March 24 – Bhutan holds its first-ever general elections following the adoption of a new Constitution which changed the country from an absolute monarchy to a multiparty democracy.[14]
- March 25 – African Union and Comoros forces invade the rebel-held island of Anjouan, returning the island to Comorian control.[15]
April
- April 22 – Surgeons at London's Moorfields Eye Hospital perform the first successful operations using bionic eyes, implanting them into two blind patients.
May
- May 2 – The Chaitén volcano in Chile enters a new eruptive phase for the first time since around 1640.
- May 3 – Cyclone Nargis passes through Myanmar, killing more than 138,000 people.[16]
- May 12 – An earthquake measuring 7.9 on the moment magnitude scale strikes Sichuan, China, killing an estimated 87,000 people.[17]
- May 23
- The Union of South American Nations, an intergovernmental organization between states in South America, is founded.[18]
- The International Court of Justice awards Middle Rocks to Malaysia and Pedra Branca to Singapore, ending a 29-year territorial dispute between the two countries.[19]
- May 25 – NASA's unmanned Phoenix spacecraft becomes the first to land on the northern polar region of Mars.[20]
- May 28 – The Legislature Parliament of Nepal votes overwhelmingly in favor of abolishing the country's 240-year-old monarchy, turning the country into a republic.[21]
- May 30 – The Convention on Cluster Munitions is adopted in Dublin.[22]
June
- June 7–29 – Austria and Switzerland jointly host the UEFA Euro 2008 football tournament, which is won by Spain.
- June 11
- The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is launched.[23]
- Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper formally apologizes, on behalf of the Canadian government, to the country's First Nations for the Canadian Indian residential school system.[24]
- June 14 – Expo 2008 opens in Zaragoza, Spain, lasting to September 14, with the topic "Water and sustainable development".[25]
July
- July 2 – Íngrid Betancourt and 14 other hostages are rescued from FARC rebels by Colombian security forces.[26]
- July 21 – Radovan Karadžić, the first president of the Republika Srpska, is arrested in Belgrade, Serbia, on allegations of war crimes, following a 12-year-long manhunt.[27]
August
- August 1 – Eleven mountaineers from international expeditions die on K2, the second-highest mountain on Earth in the worst single accident in the history of K2 mountaineering.
- August 6 – President Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi of Mauritania is deposed in a military coup d'état.[28]
- August 7 – Georgia invades the breakaway state of South Ossetia, sparking a war with Russia as the latter intervenes in support of the separatists in both South Ossetia and Abkhazia.[29]
- August 20 – Spanair Flight 5022 crashes at Madrid–Barajas Airport, killing 154 people on board.
- August 8–24 – The 2008 Summer Olympics take place in Beijing, China.[30]
September
- September 10 – The proton beam is circulated for the first time in the Large Hadron Collider, the world's largest and highest-energy particle accelerator, located at CERN, near Geneva, under the Franco-Swiss border.[31][32]
- September 20 – A suicide truck bomb explosion destroys the Marriott Hotel in Islamabad, Pakistan, killing at least 54 and injuring 266.[33][34][35]
- September 28 – SpaceX Falcon 1 becomes the world's first privately developed space launch vehicle to successfully make orbit.[36][37]
- September 29 – Following the bankruptcies of Lehman Brothers and Washington Mutual, The Dow Jones Industrial Average falls 777.68 points, hitherto the largest single-day point loss in its history.
October
- October 3 – Global financial crisis: U.S. President George W. Bush signs the revised Emergency Economic Stabilization Act into law, creating a 700 billion dollar Treasury fund to purchase failing bank assets.[38]
- October 7 – Spotify music streaming service is launched in Sweden.
- October 21 – The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is officially inaugurated at Geneva.[39][40][41][42]
- October 22 – The Indian Space Research Organisation successfully launches the Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft on a lunar exploration mission.[43][44]
November
- November 1 – Satoshi Nakamoto published "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System".[45]
- November 4 – Democratic U.S. Senator Barack Obama is elected the 44th President of the United States, becoming the first black President of the United States.[46][47][48]
- November 19 – Claudia Castillo of Spain becomes the first person to have a successful trachea transplant using a tissue-engineered organ.[49]
- November 26–29 – Members of Lashkar-e-Taiba carry out four days of coordinated bombing and shooting attacks across Mumbai, killing 164 people.[50]
December
- December 5 – Human remains found in 1991 are identified as Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, using DNA analysis.[51]
- December 10 – The Channel Island of Sark, a British Crown dependency, holds its first fully democratic elections under a new constitutional arrangement, becoming the last European territory to abolish feudalism.[52]
- December 18 – The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda finds Théoneste Bagosora and two other senior Rwandan army officers guilty of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes and sentences them to life imprisonment for their role in the Rwandan genocide.[53]
- December 23 – A military coup d'état deposes the government of Guinea shortly after the death of longtime President Lansana Conté.[54]
- December 27 – Israel invades the Gaza Strip in response to rockets being fired into Israeli territory by Hamas and due to weapons being smuggled into the area.[55][56][57]
- December 31 – An extra leap second (23:59:60) is added to end the year. The last time this occurred was in 2005.
Births
- April 16 – Princess Eléonore of Belgium
- June 3 – Harshaali Malhotra, Indian actress
- July 15 – Iain Armitage, American actor
- August 18 – Gordey Kolesov, Russian-Chinese chess player
Deaths
January
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- January 2 – Galyani Vadhana, Princess of Naradhiwas, Princess of Thailand (b. 1923)
- January 3 – Choi Yo-sam, Korean boxer (b. 1972)
- January 10 – Maila Nurmi, Finnish-American actress and television personality (b. 1922)
- January 11 – Edmund Hillary, New Zealand mountaineer, explorer, and philanthropist (b. 1919)
- January 15 – Brad Renfro, American actor (b. 1982)
- January 16 – Nikola Kljusev, 1st Prime Minister of Macedonia (b. 1927)
- January 17 – Bobby Fischer, American chess grandmaster and former World Chess Champion (b. 1943)
- January 19 – Suzanne Pleshette, American actress (b. 1937)
- January 22
- Heath Ledger, Australian actor (b. 1979)
- Claude Piron, Swiss linguist and psychologist (b. 1931)
- January 25 – Aziz Sedky, 36th Prime Minister of Egypt (b. 1920)
- January 26 – George Habash, Palestinian politician (b. 1926)
- January 27
- Gordon B. Hinckley, American Mormon leader (b. 1910)
- Suharto, 2nd President of Indonesia (b. 1921)
- January 28 – Archbishop Christodoulos of Athens (b. 1939)
- January 29 – Margaret Truman, American singer and writer (b. 1924)
February
- February 2 – Joshua Lederberg, American Nobel molecular biologist (b. 1925)
- February 5 – Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, Indian spiritual leader (b. 1917)
- February 7 – Andrew Bertie, 78th Grand Master of the Order of Malta (b. 1929)
- February 9 – Baba Amte, Indian social activist (b. 1914)
- February 10 – Roy Scheider, American actor (b. 1932)
- February 11
- Tom Lantos, American politician (b. 1928)
- Alfredo Reinado, East Timorese rebel (b. 1967)
- February 12
- Imad Mughniyah, Lebanese militant (b. 1962)
- Badri Patarkatsishvili, Georgian businessman and politician (b. 1955)
- February 13
- Kon Ichikawa, Japanese film director (b. 1915)
- Henri Salvador, French singer (b. 1917)
- February 18 – Alain Robbe-Grillet, French writer and filmmaker (b. 1922)
- February 19
- Natalia Bessmertnova, Russian ballerina (b. 1941)
- Yegor Letov, Russian singer (b. 1964)
- February 23
- Janez Drnovšek, 2-Time Prime Minister and 2nd President of Slovenia (b. 1950)
- Paul Frère, Belgian racing driver (b. 1917)
- February 27
- William F. Buckley Jr., American author and conservative commentator (b. 1925)
- Ivan Rebroff, German singer (b. 1931)
- February 29 – Tommy Glencross, Scottish boxer (b. 1947)
March
- March 1 – Raúl Reyes, Colombian guerrilla (b. 1948)
- March 2 – Jeff Healey, Canadian musician (b. 1966)
- March 3
- Giuseppe Di Stefano, Italian operatic tenor (b. 1921)
- Norman Smith, English singer and record producer (b. 1923)
- March 4 – Gary Gygax, American writer and game designer (b. 1938)
- March 5 – Joseph Weizenbaum, German-American author and computer scientist (b. 1923)
- March 6 – Peter Poreku Dery, Ghanaian cardinal (b. 1918)
- March 12 – Howard Metzenbaum, American politician (b. 1917)
- March 14 – Chiara Lubich, Italian Catholic activist (b. 1920)
- March 18 – Anthony Minghella, English film director and screenwriter (b. 1954)
- March 19
- Arthur C. Clarke, English author, inventor, and futurist (b. 1917)
- Hugo Claus, Flemish writer, painter and film director (b. 1929)
- Paul Scofield, English actor (b. 1922)
- March 22 – Adolfo Suárez Rivera, Mexican cardinal (b. 1927)
- March 24
- Neil Aspinall, British record producer and business executive (b. 1942)
- Richard Widmark, American actor (b. 1914)
- March 26 – Manuel Marulanda, Colombian guerrilla (b. 1930)
- March 27 – Jean-Marie Balestre, French sports executive (b. 1921)
- March 30 – Dith Pran, Cambodian-American photojournalist (b. 1942)
- March 31 – Jules Dassin, American film director (b. 1911)
April
- April 3 – Hrvoje Ćustić, Croatian footballer (b. 1983)
- April 5 – Charlton Heston, American actor (b. 1923)
- April 8 – Stanley Kamel, American actor (b. 1943)
- April 10 – Ernesto Corripio y Ahumada, Mexican cardinal (b. 1919)
- April 12 – Patrick Hillery, 6th President of Ireland (b. 1923)
- April 13 – John Archibald Wheeler, American theoretical physicist (b. 1911)
- April 14 – Ollie Johnston, American animator (b. 1912)
- April 15 – Benoît Lamy, Belgian motion picture writer-director (b. 1945)
- April 16 – Edward Norton Lorenz, American mathematician and meteorologist (b. 1917)
- April 17 – Aimé Césaire, French Martinican poet and politician (b. 1913)
- April 29 – Albert Hofmann, Swiss chemist and writer (b. 1906)
May
- May 1 – Anthony Mamo, 1st President of Malta (b. 1909)
- May 2 – Philipp von Boeselager, German military officer (b. 1917)
- May 3 – Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo, Spanish Prime Minister (b. 1926)
- May 8 – François Sterchele, Belgian footballer (b. 1982)
- May 10
- Leyla Gencer, Turkish soprano (b. 1928)
- Jessica Jacobs, Australian actress and singer (b. 1990)
- May 12
- Robert Rauschenberg, American pop artist (b. 1925)
- Irena Sendler, Polish humanitarian (b. 1910)
- May 13
- Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah, 4th Emir of Kuwait (b. 1930)
- Bernardin Gantin, Beninese cardinal (b. 1922)
- May 15 – Willis Lamb, American Nobel physicist (b. 1913)
- May 17 – Roberto García-Calvo Montiel, Spanish judge (b. 1942)
- May 23 – Cornell Capa, Hungarian-American photographer (b. 1918)
- May 26
- Sydney Pollack, American actor, director and producer (b. 1934)
- Koloa Talake, 7th Prime Minister of Tuvalu (b. 1934)
- May 28 – Sven Davidson, Swedish tennis player (b. 1928)
- May 29 – Harvey Korman, American actor and comedian (b. 1927)
June
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- June 1
- Tommy Lapid, Israeli television presenter, journalist, and politician (b. 1931)
- Yves Saint Laurent, French fashion designer (b. 1936)
- June 2
- Bo Diddley, American musician (b. 1928)
- Mel Ferrer, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1917)
- June 5 – Jameson Mbilini Dlamini, 7th Prime Minister of Swaziland (b. 1921)
- June 4 – Agata Mróz-Olszewska, Polish volleyball player (b. 1982)
- June 7
- Mustafa Khalil, 40th Prime Minister of Egypt (b. 1920)
- Dino Risi, Italian director (b. 1916)
- June 8 – Šaban Bajramović, Serbian musician (b. 1936)
- June 9
- Karen Asrian, Armenian chess grandmaster (b. 1980)
- Algis Budrys, Lithuanian-American science fiction writer (b. 1931)
- June 10 – Chinghiz Aitmatov, Kyrgyzstani writer (b. 1928)
- June 11
- Ove Andersson, Swedish rally driver (b. 1939)
- Võ Văn Kiệt, 5th Prime Minister of Vietnam (b. 1922)
- June 13 – Tim Russert, American journalist (b. 1950)
- June 15 – Stan Winston, American special effects and makeup artist (b. 1946)
- June 17 – Cyd Charisse, American actress and dancer (b. 1922)
- June 18 – Jean Delannoy, French film director (b. 1908)
- June 22 – George Carlin, American author, actor, and comedian (b. 1937)
- June 23 – Arthur Chung, 1st President of Guyana (b. 1918)
- June 24 – Leonid Hurwicz, American Nobel economist and mathematician (b. 1917)
- June 27 – Sam Manekshaw, Indian Field Marshal (b. 1914)
- June 28 – Ruslana Korshunova, Kazakhstani model (b. 1987)
- June 29 – Don S. Davis, American actor (b. 1942)
July
- July 4
- Jesse Helms, American politician (b. 1921)
- Evelyn Keyes, American actress (b. 1916)
- July 5 – René Harris, 4-Time President of Nauru (b. 1947)
- July 11 – Michael E. DeBakey, American surgeon and inventor (b. 1908)
- July 12 – Tony Snow, American political commentator (b. 1955)
- July 13 – Bronisław Geremek, Polish social historian and politician (b. 1932)
- July 15 – György Kolonics, Hungarian canoeist (b. 1972)
- July 16 – Jo Stafford, American singer (b. 1917)
- July 22 – Estelle Getty, American actress (b. 1923)
- July 25
- Johnny Griffin, American saxophonist (b. 1928)
- Randy Pausch, American author and computer scientist (b. 1960)
- July 27 – Youssef Chahine, Egyptian film director (b. 1926)
- July 29 – Mate Parlov, Croatian boxer (b. 1948)
August
- August 1 – Harkishan Singh Surjeet, Indian politician (b. 1916)
- August 3 – Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Russian Nobel writer (b. 1918)
- August 4 – Anita Farra, Italian actress (b. 1905)
- August 9
- Mahmoud Darwish, Palestinian poet (b. 1941)
- Bernie Mac, American actor and comedian (b. 1957)
- August 10 – Isaac Hayes, American musician (b. 1942)
- August 11 – Fred Sinowatz, Austrian politician (b. 1929)
- August 13 – Henri Cartan, French mathematician (b. 1904)
- August 15 – Jerry Wexler, American music producer (b. 1917)
- August 16
- Ronnie Drew, Irish singer (b. 1934)
- Masanobu Fukuoka, Japanese microbiologist (b. 1913)
- August 19
- Levy Mwanawasa, 3rd President of Zambia (b. 1948)
- LeRoi Moore, American saxophonist (b. 1961)
- August 20 – Hua Guofeng, Chairman of the Communist Party and Chinese premier (b. 1921)
- August 23 – Thomas Huckle Weller, American Nobel virologist (b. 1915)
- August 28 – Phil Hill, American race car driver (b. 1927)
September
- September 1
- Don LaFontaine, American voice actor (b. 1940)
- Jerry Reed, American country singer (b. 1937)
- September 6
- Antonio Innocenti, Italian cardinal (b. 1915)
- Anita Page, American actress (b. 1910)
- September 9 – Nouhak Phoumsavanh, 3rd President of Laos (b. 1910)
- September 12 – David Foster Wallace, American writer (b. 1962)
- September 15 – Richard Wright, English keyboardist (b. 1943)
- September 18 – Mauricio Kagel, Argentine composer (b. 1931)
- September 21 – Dingiri Banda Wijetunga, 9th Prime Minister and 4th President of Sri Lanka (b. 1916)
- September 26 – Paul Newman, American actor (b. 1925)
October
- October 1 – Boris Yefimov, Russian political cartoonist (b. 1900)
- October 6 – Paavo Haavikko, Finnish poet (b. 1931)
- October 8 – George Emil Palade, Romanian Nobel cell biologist (b. 1912)
- October 10 – Alexey Prokurorov, Russian cross-country skier (b. 1964)
- October 11 – Jörg Haider, Austrian politician (b. 1950)
- October 13
- Alexei Cherepanov, Russian Hockey Player (b. 1989)
- Guillaume Depardieu, French actor (b. 1971)
- Antonio José González Zumárraga, Ecuadorian cardinal (b. 1925)
- October 20 – Sœur Emmanuelle, Belgian-born French nun (b. 1908)
- October 25 – Muslim Magomayev, Azerbaijani singer (b. 1942)
- October 26 – Tony Hillerman, American writer (b. 1925)
- October 29 – William Wharton, American author (b. 1925)
- October 31 – Studs Terkel, American author and liberal commentator (b. 1912)
November
- November 1
- Jacques Piccard, Swiss explorer and engineer (b. 1922)
- Yma Sumac, Peruvian soprano (b. 1923)
- November 2 – Joseph Alliluyev, Russian cardiologist (b. 1945)
- November 4
- Michael Crichton, American author and producer (b. 1942)
- Juan Camilo Mouriño, Mexican politician (b. 1971)
- November 9 – Miriam Makeba, South African singer (b. 1932)
- November 10 – Kiyoshi Itō, Japanese mathematician (b. 1915)
- November 12 – Mitch Mitchell, English drummer (b. 1946)
- November 14 – Tsvetanka Khristova, Bulgarian athlete (b. 1962)
- November 22 – Ibrahim Nasir, 2nd President of the Maldives (b. 1926)
- November 27 – V. P. Singh, 7th Prime Minister of India (b. 1931)
- November 29 – Jørn Utzon, Danish architect (b. 1918)
December
- December 1 – Mikel Laboa, Basque singer and songwriter (b. 1934)
- December 2
- Frank Crean, Australian politician (b. 1916)
- Odetta, American singer (b. 1930)
- December 4 – Forrest J Ackerman, American magazine editor, science fiction writer, and literary agent (b. 1916)
- December 5
- Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow, Patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church (b. 1928)
- Nina Foch, Dutch-born American actress (b. 1924)
- December 8 – Robert Prosky, American actor (b. 1930)
- December 9
- Yury Glazkov, Russian cosmonaut (b. 1939)
- Dražan Jerković, Croatian football player and manager (b. 1936)
- December 11
- Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, American Nobel physician (b. 1923)
- Bettie Page, American pin-up model (b. 1923)
- December 12
- Avery Dulles, American cardinal (b. 1918)
- Van Johnson, American actor (b. 1916)
- Tassos Papadopoulos, 5th President of Cyprus (b. 1934)
- December 13 – Horst Tappert, German actor (b. 1923)
- December 15 – León Febres Cordero, 35th President of Ecuador (b. 1931)
- December 18
- Majel Barrett, American actress (b. 1932)
- Mark Felt, American FBI agent (b. 1913)
- December 20
- Joseph Conombo, 3rd Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (b. 1917)
- Olga Lepeshinskaya, Russian ballerina (b. 1916)
- Robert Mulligan, American director (b. 1925)
- December 22 – Lansana Conté, 2nd President of Guinea (b. 1934)
- December 24
- Samuel P. Huntington, American political scientist (b. 1927)
- Harold Pinter, English playwright (b. 1930)
- December 25 – Eartha Kitt, American singer and actress (b. 1927)
- December 29 – Freddie Hubbard, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1938)
Nobel Prizes
- Chemistry – Martin Chalfie, Osamu Shimomura, and Roger Y. Tsien
- Economics – Paul Krugman
- Literature – Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio
- Peace – Martti Ahtisaari
- Physics – Makoto Kobayashi, Toshihide Maskawa, and Yoichiro Nambu
- Physiology or Medicine – Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, Harald zur Hausen, and Luc Montagnier
New English words
- Bitcoin
- burner phone
- dumpster fire
- exome
- hate-watch
- mansplain
- photobomb[58]
References
- ↑ "General Assembly Proclaims 2008 International Year of Languages, in Effort to Promote Unity in Diversity, Global Understanding". United Nations. Archived from the original on November 1, 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-02.
- ↑ Cyprus and Malta set to join eurozone in 2008 Archived January 30, 2009, at the Wayback Machine., EurActiv
- ↑ Akrotiri and Dhekelia adopt the euro, EUbusiness (ISO 4217 code: VEF). Archived July 6, 2009, at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ "Mercury Flyby 1". Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. Archived from the original on May 16, 2008. Retrieved 2008-01-12.
- ↑ Landler, Mark; Timmons, Heather (January 21, 2008). "Stocks Plunge Worldwide on Fears of a U.S. Recession". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 11, 2008. Retrieved November 21, 2008.
- ↑ "Eastern Congo peace deal signed". BBC. January 23, 2008. Archived from the original on December 17, 2008. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
- ↑ "Iran Opens Space Center, Launches Rocket", Associated Press
- ↑ "Kevin Rudd says sorry". The Sydney Morning Herald. February 13, 2008. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
- ↑ "BU.S., Europeans at Security Council Back Kosovo's Independence". Bloomberg L.P. February 17, 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-05.
- ↑ "Il Kosovo proclama l'indipendenza Serbia: "Non lo riconosceremo mai"". repubblica.it (in Italian). February 17, 2008.
- ↑ James, Ian (March 3, 2008). "Venezuela, Ecuador sending troops to border with Colombia after rebel leader killed". The Seattle Times. Archived from the original on March 10, 2008. Retrieved March 15, 2009.
- ↑ Goodman, Joshua (March 1, 2008). "Colombian Rebel Leader Raul Reyes Killed By Army, Minister Says". Bloomberg L.P. Archived from the original on June 26, 2009. Retrieved March 15, 2009.
- ↑ "Europe launches its first resupply ship to the ISS". European Space Agency. March 9, 2008. Archived from the original on May 22, 2009. Retrieved March 15, 2009.
- ↑ Sengupta, Somini (2008-03-25). "Heavy Turnout in First Bhutan Election". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-01-13.
- ↑ "BBC NEWS | Africa | 'Deadly clashes' in the Comoros". news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2017-01-13.
- ↑ "BBC NEWS | UK | UK Politics | Cameron urges aid drops for Burma". news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2017-01-13.
- ↑ "Sichuan 2008: A disaster on an immense scale". BBC News. 2013-05-09. Retrieved 2017-01-13.
- ↑ "BBC NEWS | Americas | South America nations found union". news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2017-01-13.
- ↑ migration (2015-06-10). "The Asian way to settle disputes". The Straits Times. Retrieved 2017-01-13.
- ↑ "Phoenix Mars Mission". Archived from the original on March 4, 2008.
- ↑ "BBC NEWS | South Asia | Nepal votes to abolish monarchy". news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2017-01-13.
- ↑ United Nations Treaty Collection: Convention on Cluster Munitions. Retrieved on 28 March 2009.
- ↑ MSFC, Jennifer Wall : (2015-05-21). "What Is the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope?". NASA. Retrieved 2017-01-13.
- ↑ "Harper apologizes for residential school abuse". CTV. June 11, 2008. Archived from the original on July 9, 2008. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
- ↑ "Spain's Expo 2008 on world water opens". Reuters. 2017-06-14. Retrieved 2017-01-13.
- ↑ Kraul, Chris (2008-07-04). "The ultimate fake-out". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved 2017-01-13.
- ↑ "BBC News: Serbia captures fugitive Karadzic". 2008-07-22. Retrieved 2010-01-01.
- ↑ "BBC NEWS | Africa | Troops stage coup in Mauritania". news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2017-01-13.
- ↑ Finn, Peter (August 17, 2008). "A Two-Sided Descent Into Full-Scale War". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
- ↑ "Beijing 2008 – It's a wrap". The Boston Globe. August 25, 2008. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
- ↑ "First beam in the LHC – accelerating science".
- ↑ "Large Hadron Collider fired up in 'God particle' hunt". CNN. September 10, 2008. Retrieved April 14, 2010.
- ↑ "At Least 40 Killed in Huge Explosion at Pakistan Hotel". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
- ↑ "Deadly blast targets Marriott Hotel in Islamabad". CNN. September 21, 2008. Retrieved April 14, 2010.
- ↑ "Dozens killed in Pakistan attack". BBC News. 2008-09-20. Retrieved 2010-01-01.
- ↑ "Space Exploration Technologies Corporation – Falcon 1 Flight 4". Archived from the original on July 25, 2011. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
- ↑ "Falcon rocket success for SpaceX". BBC News. 2008-09-29. Retrieved 2010-01-01.
- ↑ Raum, Tom (October 3, 2008) Bush signs $700 billion bailout bill Archived October 28, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. Associated Press. Retrieved October 3, 2008.
- ↑ "CERN inaugurates the LHC". CERN. October 21, 2008. Retrieved 2016-11-20.
- ↑ "LHC to be inaugurated on 21 October 2008". Retrieved 2016-11-20.
- ↑ "Final LHC Synchronization Test a Success". Retrieved 8 July 2011.
- ↑ Lynn, Jonathan (October 21, 2008). "Big Bang experiment inaugurated despite glitch". Reuters.
- ↑ "India launches first Moon mission". BBC News. 22 October 2008. Archived from the original on October 22, 2008. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
- ↑ "Chandrayaan-1". Archived from the original on June 28, 2011. Retrieved 8 July 2011.
- ↑ Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer Electronic Cash System http://themonetaryfuture.blogspot.hu/2010/03/bitcoin-peer-to-peer-electronic-cash.html 20171223
- ↑ Nagourney, Adam (November 4, 2008). "Obama Elected President as Racial Barrier Falls". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 9, 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-05.
- ↑ "Obama wins historic US election". BBC News. November 5, 2008. Archived from the original on November 6, 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-05.
- ↑ "Obama inspires historic victory". CNN. November 5, 2008. Archived from the original on December 17, 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-05.
- ↑ Roberts, Michelle (2008-11-19). "FWindpipe transplant breakthrough". BBC News. Archived from the original on January 15, 2010. Retrieved 2010-01-01.
- ↑ "Mumbai Terror Attacks Fast Facts". CNN. 24 November 2016. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
- ↑ "Boffins confirm authenticity of Last Tsar's remains". RT. 2008-12-05. Archived from the original on 2009-02-26. Retrieved 2017-02-14.
- ↑ "Sark Election: the candidates". BBC Guernsey. 9 December 2008. Archived from the original on December 12, 2008. Retrieved 11 December 2008.
- ↑ "Trio found guilty of Rwandan genocide". CNN. 18 December 2008. Archived from the original on December 19, 2008. Retrieved 18 December 2008.
- ↑ "Coup fear as Guinea president dies". CNN. 24 December 2008. Archived from the original on December 24, 2008. Retrieved 24 December 2008.
- ↑ "Ilene R. Prusher, 'Hamas remains defiant despite pounding' Christian Science Monitor 13 January 2009". Csmonitor.com. 2009-01-13. Retrieved 2010-06-05.
- ↑ Bright, Arthur. Israel set to launch ‘limited operation’ in Gaza, Christian Science Monitor, December 26, 2008.
- ↑ Rory McCarthy in Jerusalem (September 16, 2009). "Israel rejects war crimes findings of UN Gaza inquiry | World news | guardian.co.uk". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 2010-05-08.
- ↑ "Time Traveler by Merriam-Webster: Words from 2008". merriam-webster.com. Retrieved May 6, 2018.
External links
- 2008 Calendar at Internet Accuracy Project
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