12 Rules for Life

12 Rules for Life: An Antidote to Chaos
Author Jordan Peterson
Illustrator Ethan Van Sciver
Country Canada
Language English
Subject Self-help, personal growth, ethics, applied psychology, social philosophy
Genre Non-fiction
Publisher Penguin Random House
Penguin Allen Lane (U.K.)
Publication date
January 23, 2018 (Canada)
January 16, 2018 (U.K.)
Media type Print, digital, audible
Pages 448 (hardcover)
320 (ebook)
ISBN 978-0-345-81602-3 (Canada), ISBN 978-0-241-35163-5 (U.K.)
Preceded by Maps of Meaning: The Architecture of Belief (1999)

12 Rules for Life: An Antidote to Chaos is a 2018 self-help book by Canadian clinical psychologist and psychology professor Jordan Peterson. The book includes abstract ethical principles about life influenced by and based on biology, literature, religion, myths, clinical experience and scientific research.

Peterson went on a world tour to promote the book, with a Channel 4 News interview receiving much attention. The book topped bestseller lists in Canada, the U.S. and the UK, and sold over million copies. The book received mostly positive reviews, with critics praising the book's good advice for men and atypical style. Peterson's perspective on God received mixed reception and his writing style was criticized by some reviewers.

Description

The book grew out of Peterson's hobby of answering questions posted on Quora, the one being "What are the most valuable things everyone should know?" and his answer included 40 rules.[1][2][3] Peterson stated it "isn't only written for other people. It's a warning to me".[4] The book is written in a more accessible style than his previous academic book, Maps of Meaning: The Architecture of Belief (1999).[8]

The book is divided into chapters with each title representing a specific rule for life explained in an essay. The founding idea is that "suffering is built into the structure of being," but although it can be unbearable, people have a choice either to withdraw, which is a "suicidal gesture", or to face and transcend it.[5] However, living in a world of chaos and order,[9] each human being has "darkness" which can "turn them into the monsters they're capable of being" to satisfy their dark impulses in right situations. The scientific experiments like Invisible Gorilla Test show that perception is adjusted to aims, and it is better to seek meaning rather than happiness. Peterson noted that "it's all very well to think the meaning of life is happiness, but what happens when you're unhappy? Happiness is a great side effect. When it comes, accept it gratefully. But it's fleeting and unpredictable. It's not something to aim at – because it's not an aim. And if happiness is the purpose of life, what happens when you're unhappy? Then you're a failure".[4]

The book advances the idea that people are born with the instinct for ethics and meaning and should take responsibility to search for meaning above their own interests (chapter eight, rule seven, "Pursue what is meaningful, not what is expedient"). Such thinking is reflected in contemporary stories such as Pinocchio, The Lion King and Harry Potter, or ancient stories from the Bible.[4] To "Stand up straight with your shoulders back" (title of first chapter) is to "accept the terrible responsibility of life", to make self-sacrifice,[10] because the individual must rise above victimization and "conduct his or her life in a manner that requires the rejection of immediate gratification, of natural and perverse desires alike".[9] The comparison to neurological structures and behavior of lobsters is used as a natural example to the formation of social hierarchies.[6][7][11] The other parts of the work explore and criticize the state of young men, the upbringing which ignores sex differences between boys and girls (criticism of overprotection and tabula rasa model in social sciences), male-female interpersonal relationships, school shootings, religion and moral nihilism, relativism and lack of respect to the values that build Western society.[6][9][12][13][14][15][16] In the last chapter, Peterson outlines ways one can cope with the most tragic events in a person's life, events that are often out of that individual's control. In it, he describes his own personal struggle when it was discovered that his daughter, Mikhaila, had a rare bone disease.[4] The chapter is a meditation on how to maintain a watchful eye and cherish life's small redeemable qualities (i.e., to "pet a cat when you encounter one"). It also outlines a practical way to deal with hardship: to shorten one's temporal scope of responsibility (e.g., focusing on the next minute rather than the next three months).[17]

Outline of the book:[4]

  1. Stand up straight with your shoulders back
  2. Treat yourself like someone you are responsible for helping
  3. Make friends with people who want the best for you
  4. Compare yourself to who you were yesterday, not to who someone else is today
  5. Do not let your children do anything that makes you dislike them
  6. Set your house in perfect order before you criticize the world
  7. Pursue what is meaningful (not what is expedient)
  8. Tell the truth – or, at least, don't lie
  9. Assume that the person you are listening to might know something you don't
  10. Be precise in your speech
  11. Do not bother children when they are skateboarding
  12. Pet a cat when you encounter one on the street

Marketing

To promote the book, Peterson went on a world tour, initially from January 14, 2018 to February 17, 2018, including events in England, Canada, and the United States.[18] The sold-out venues included 1,000-seat conference hall Emmanuel Centre in London,[19][12][20] and 2,000-seat Orpheum Theatre in Los Angeles.[21] The February 11 event at Citadel Theatre in Edmonton was canceled by the theatre's board of directors and management for which they later apologized, and instead was held at a sold-out Hyatt Place.[22][23] The second part includes three sold-out events in March in Australia,[24] continuing at Beacon Theatre in New York, and the third part held between early May and June numbering ten events in the U.S. and Canada, and one in the UK.[25]

As part of the tour, Peterson had an interview on Channel 4 News which went viral, receiving significant attention and over ten million views on YouTube.[9][24][26] He also appeared on BBC Radio 5 Live, Fox & Friends and Tucker Carlson Tonight,[16][27] ABC's 7.30,[28] Sky News Australia's Outsiders,[29] and HBO's Real Time with Bill Maher among others.[30]

Release

The book was published by Penguin Random House on January 23, 2018, in Canada,[31] while by Penguin Allen Lane on January 16 in the United Kingdom.[32] It was released as Tólf lífsreglur – Mótefni við glundroða for the Icelandic version,[33] and it was announced a deal with publisher Beijing Cheers for the release of Mandarin version in China,[34] and Goldmann Verlag for the release rights in Germany.[35]

The 12 Rules for Life audiobook was number one on Canadian Audible, and number three on U.S. Audible.[36] In Canada, since debut it topped the non-fiction category of The Globe and Mail and Toronto Star bestsellers lists.[37][38][39][40] In the United Kingdom for five weeks topped The Sunday Times bestsellers list for general hardcover between February 18 and March 25,[41][42][43][44][45] and again on April 15,[46] selling over 113,000 copies until August 26, 2018.[47] According to The Guardian, the Nielsen BookScan reported sales of over 10,000 copies until March 12 in Australia.[48]

In the U.S., the book became the No. 1 nonfiction book and ebook on The Wall Street Journal's Best-Selling Books list,[49][50] it also topped The Washington Post,[51][52] and Reuters U.S. bestsellers list,[53] reached No. 2 on USA Today's overall list,[54] as well as topping hardcover nonfiction and top 10 overall category for Publishers Weekly,[55][56][57] selling over 559,000 copies until September 24, 2018.[58] In the category it replaced Michael Wolff's Fire and Fury.[59] Penguin Random House's CEO Markus Dohle in late March stated that the book has already sold over 700,000 copies in the U.S.[60] On August 6th, Jordan Peterson announced that the book had sold over 2 million copies.[61] On September 17th, NPD reported that it was 7th top-selling print book for the first half of 2018.[62]

However, books editor Deborah Dundas from Toronto Star found the book did not chart on The New York Times, Los Angeles Times and IndieBound bestsellers list, without reliable answers from NYT. The NYT stated it was not counted because it was published by a Canadian company.[63] According to Random House Canada, the book was handled properly for the U.S. market.[36][64] American conservative commentator Dennis Prager contends that the issue is its conservative context, and its lack of inclusion in the lists is the mainstream American media's manipulation.[65]

Reception

Melanie Reid, in her review of 12 Rules for Life for The Times, says the book is "aimed at teenagers, millennials and young parents". Summarising it, she states: "If you peel back the verbiage, the cerebral preening, you are left with a hardline self-help manual of self-reliance, good behaviour, self-betterment and individualism that probably reflects [Peterson's] childhood in rural Canada in the 1960s."[66] Bryan Appleyard, also writing for The Times, describes the book as "a less dense and more practical version of Maps of Meaning." He says it is "a baggy, aggressive, in-your-face, get-real book that, ultimately, is an attempt to lead us back to what Peterson sees as the true, the beautiful and the good – i.e., God."[67]

Hari Kunzru of The Guardian said the book collates advice from Peterson's clinical practice with personal anecdotes, accounts of his academic work as a psychologist and "a lot of intellectual history of the 'great books' variety".[68] Tim Lott, also writing for The Guardian, did not consider it as a typical self-help book because of its influences, non-positive message, commercial appeal and intellectual weight compared to The Secret or How to Win Friends and Influence People.[4] Similar opinion for being an atypical self-help book was considered by Barbara Danza of Epoch Times.[69]

Bill Jamieson, in a joint review with Steven Pinker's Enlightenment Now for The Scotsman, praised the essays for being "richly illustrated and packed with excellent advice on how we can restore meaning and a sense of progression to our everyday lives", describing both books as "verbal waterboarding for supporters of big government".[70] David Brooks of The New York Times argued that "The Peterson way is a harsh way, but it is an idealistic way – and for millions of young men, it turns out to be the perfect antidote to the cocktail of coddling and accusation in which they are raised".[9] David A. French of National Review considered it as a "beacon of light" for current time, with a simple but profound purpose "to help a person look in the mirror and respect the person he or she sees".[71] Joe Humphreys of The Irish Times argued that people shouldn't be stopped "from reading what is a veritable powerhouse of a book: wise, provocative, humorous and also maddeningly contradictory (as all deep and truthful studies of human nature must be)".[72]

Dorothy Cummings McLean, writing for the online magazine The Catholic World Report, considered it as "the most thought-provoking self-help book I have read in years", the rules for life reminding her of those by Bernard Lonergan, and content "serving as a bridge between Christians and non-Christians interested in the truths of human life and in resisting the lies of ideological totalitarianism".[73] Bishop Robert Barron in a review for the same magazine praised the archetypal reading of the story about Adam and Eve and the Garden of Eden with Jesus representing "gardener", exploration of psyche of Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and his experience written in The Gulag Archipelago, but although not supportive of its "gnosticizing tendency to read Biblical religion purely psychologically and philosophically and not at all historically" or that "God ... [is] simply a principle or an abstraction", it is "valuable for the beleaguered young men in our society, who need a mentor to tell them to stand up straight and act like heroes".[74] Adam A. J. DeVille took a very different view, describing the 12 Rules for Life as "unbearably banal, superficial, and insidious", claiming that "the real danger in this book is its apologia for social Darwinism and bourgeois individualism covered over with a theological patina" and that "in a just world, this book would never have been published".[75]

Ron Dart, in a review for The Ormsby Review, considered the book "an attempt to articulate a more meaningful order for freedom as an antidote to the erratic ... chaos of our age", but although "necessary" with exemplary advice for men and women it is "hardly a sufficient text for the tougher questions that beset us on our all too human journey and should be read as such".[76][77] Julian Baggini, in a review of the book for the Financial Times, writes: "In headline form, most of his rules are simply timeless good sense. ... The problem is that when Peterson fleshes them out, they carry more flab than meat".[78] Peter Hitchens for The Spectator stated that he did not like the "conversational and accessible" writing style and amount of "recapitulation", but noted it had "moving moments", "good advice" with a message "aimed at people who have grown up in the post-Christian West" with special appeal to young men.[79] Park MacDougald of New York shared a similar view, stating that on paper Peterson lacks "coherence, emotional depth" compared to lectures, but "still, he produces nuggets of real insight".[6] Pankaj Mishra's review in The New York Review of Books accused Peterson of having "membership" in a "right-wing sect", that his influences including Carl Jung and Mircea Eliade had "fascist aspirations", that Peterson claims that he has been inducted into "the coastal Pacific Kwakwaka'wakw tribe" and is "romancing the noble savage".[80] Peterson reacted angrily to Mishra's words on Twitter, calling him out for saying "half-truths" and said, "If you were in my room at the moment, I'd slap you happily".[81][82][83][84] Philosopher Paul Thagard described the work as flimsy in a review for Psychology Today.[85]

Kelefa Sanneh of The New Yorker noted that "some of his critics might be surprised to find much of the advice he offers unobjectionable, if old-fashioned: he wants young men to be better fathers, better husbands, better community members. In this way, he might be seen as an heir to older gurus of manhood like Elbert Hubbard, who in 1899 published a stern and wildly popular homily called A Message to Garcia".[16] Some critics such as Heather Wilhelm for National Review,[86][87] and James Grainger for the Toronto Star were critical of initial reviews misinterpreting Peterson.[7] Peterson threatened to sue Cornell University assistant professor Kate Manne for defamation after she wrote a critical review of Peterson's book 12 Rules for Life where she said the work was misogynistic.[88]

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