부족하다

Korean

Etymology

From 부족 (不足, bujok, “insufficiency”) and the native Korean adjective 하다 (hada, “to be a certain way”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key)[pud͡ʑo̞kʰa̠da̠]
Phonetic Hangul[부조카다]

Revised Romanization^?	bujokhada
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	bujog-hada
McCune–Reischauer^?	pujokhada
Yale Romanization^?	pucok.hata

Adjective

부족하다 • (bujokhada) (infinitive 부족해 or 부족하여, sequential 부족하니)

To be insufficient; not enough.

Conjugation

Selected forms of the adjective 부족하다 (bujokhada)

Stems
Stem 1	부족하 (bujokha)
Stem 2	부족해 (bujokhae)
Stem 2a	부족하여 (bujokhayeo)
Stem 3	부족하 (bujokha)
Conjugation type	Vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	부족하다 bujokhada	부족해 bujokhae	부족해요 bujokhaeyo	부족합니다 bujokhamnida
Indicative	Past	부족했다 bujokhaetda	부족했어 bujokhaesseo	부족했어요 bujokhaesseoyo	부족했습니다 bujokhaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	부족하냐 bujokhanya	부족해 bujokhae	부족해요 bujokhaeyo	부족합니까 bujokhamnikka
Interrogative	Past	부족했냐 bujokhaennya	부족했어 bujokhaesseo	부족했어요 bujokhaesseoyo	부족했습니까 bujokhaetseumnikka
Assertive		부족하겠다 bujokhagetda	부족하겠어 bujokhagesseo	부족하겠어요 bujokhagesseoyo	부족하겠습니다 bujokhagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		부족해 bujokhae	부족해서, 부족하여서 bujokhaeseo, bujokhayeoseo	부족하니 bujokhani	부족하니까 bujokhanikka
Contrast		부족하지만 bujokhajiman	부족한데 bujokhande	부족하더니 bujokhadeoni
Conjunction		부족하고 bujokhago
Condition		부족하면 bujokhamyeon	부족해야, 부족하여야 bujokhaeya, bujokhayeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		부족함 bujokham	부족하기 bujokhagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		부족했음, 부족하였음 bujokhaesseum, bujokhayeosseum	부족했기, 부족하였기 bujokhaetgi, bujokhayeotgi
Determiners	Present		부족한 bujokhan
Determiners	Future		부족할 bujokhal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	부족하시다 bujokhasida	부족하셔 bujokhasyeo	부족하세요, 부족하셔요 bujokhaseyo, bujokhasyeoyo	부족하십니다 bujokhasimnida
Indicative	Past	부족하셨다 bujokhasyeotda	부족하셨어 bujokhasyeosseo	부족하셨어요 bujokhasyeosseoyo	부족하셨습니다 bujokhasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	부족하시냐 bujokhasinya	부족하셔 bujokhasyeo	부족하세요, 부족하셔요 bujokhaseyo, bujokhasyeoyo	부족하십니까 bujokhasimnikka
Interrogative	Past	부족하셨냐 bujokhasyeonnya	부족하셨어 bujokhasyeosseo	부족하셨어요 bujokhasyeosseoyo	부족하셨습니까 bujokhasyeotseumnikka
Assertive		부족하시겠다 bujokhasigetda	부족하시겠어 bujokhasigesseo	부족하시겠어요 bujokhasigesseoyo	부족하시겠습니다 bujokhasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		부족하셔 bujokhasyeo	부족하셔서 bujokhasyeoseo	부족하시니 bujokhasini	부족하시니까 bujokhasinikka
Contrast		부족하시지만 bujokhasijiman	부족하신데 bujokhasinde	부족하시더니 bujokhasideoni
Conjunction		부족하시고 bujokhasigo
Condition		부족하시면 bujokhasimyeon	부족하셔야 bujokhasyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		부족하심 bujokhasim	부족하시기 bujokhasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		부족하셨음 bujokhasyeosseum	부족하셨기 bujokhasyeotgi
Determiners	Present		부족하신 bujokhasin
Determiners	Future		부족하실 bujokhasil

Antonyms

충분하다 (chungbunhada, “to be enough”)
족하다 (jokhada, “to be sufficient”) (rare)

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