가지다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 가지다 (Yale: kacita). Possibly borrowed from Manchu ᡤᠠᠵᡳᠮᠪᡳ (gajimbi, “to bring”).
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
- IPA(key)[ka̠d͡ʑida̠]
- Phonetic Hangul[가지다]
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Verb
가지다 • (gajida) (infinitive 가져 or 가지어, sequential 가지니)
- to have, to possess
- 왜 세계지도를 가지고 있지?
- Wae segyejidoreul gajigo itji?
- Why do you have a map of the world?
- Original English texts from 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)
- to hold or bear a specific attitude or idea
- to bear or conceive a child
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 가지다 (gajida)
| Stems | |
|---|---|
| Stem 1 | 가지 (gaji) |
| Stem 2 | 가져 (gajyeo) |
| Stem 2a | 가지어 (gajieo) |
| Stem 3 | 가지 (gaji) |
| Conjugation type | Vowel-stem, regular |
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 가진다 gajinda |
가져 gajyeo |
가져요, 가지어요 gajyeoyo, gajieoyo |
가집니다 gajimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 가졌다 gajyeotda |
가졌어 gajyeosseo |
가졌어요 gajyeosseoyo |
가졌습니다 gajyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 가지느냐 gajineunya |
가져 gajyeo |
가져요, 가지어요 gajyeoyo, gajieoyo |
가집니까 gajimnikka |
| Past | 가졌느냐 gajyeonneunya |
가졌어 gajyeosseo |
가졌어요 gajyeosseoyo |
가졌습니까 gajyeotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 가지자 gajija | 가져 gajyeo | 가져요, 가지어요 gajyeoyo, gajieoyo | 가집시다 gajipsida | |
| Imperative | 가져라, 가지어라 gajyeora, gajieora | 가져 gajyeo | 가져요, 가지어요 gajyeoyo, gajieoyo | 가집시오 gajipsio | |
| Assertive | 가지겠다 gajigetda | 가지겠어 gajigesseo | 가지겠어요 gajigesseoyo | 가지겠습니다 gajigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 가져 gajyeo | 가져서, 가지어서 gajyeoseo, gajieoseo | 가지니 gajini | 가지니까 gajinikka | |
| Contrast | 가지지만 gajijiman | 가지는데 gajineunde | 가지더니 gajideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 가지고 gajigo | ||||
| Condition | 가지면 gajimyeon | 가져야, 가지어야 gajyeoya, gajieoya | |||
| Motive | 가지려고 gajiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 가짐 gajim | 가지기 gajigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 가졌음, 가지었음 gajyeosseum, gajieosseum | 가졌기, 가지었기 gajyeotgi, gajieotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 가진 gajin | |||
| Present | 가지는 gajineun | ||||
| Future | 가질 gajil | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 가지신다 gajisinda |
가지셔 gajisyeo |
가지세요, 가지셔요 gajiseyo, gajisyeoyo |
가지십니다 gajisimnida |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past | 가지셨다 gajisyeotda |
가지셨어 gajisyeosseo |
가지셨어요 gajisyeosseoyo |
가지셨습니다 gajisyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 가지시느냐 gajisineunya |
가지셔 gajisyeo |
가지세요, 가지셔요 gajiseyo, gajisyeoyo |
가지십니까 gajisimnikka |
| Past | 가지셨느냐 gajisyeonneunya |
가지셨어 gajisyeosseo |
가지셨어요 gajisyeosseoyo |
가지셨습니까 gajisyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 가지시라 gajisira | 가지셔 gajisyeo | 가지세요 gajiseyo | 가지십시오 gajisipsio | |
| Assertive | 가지시겠다 gajisigetda | 가지시겠어 gajisigesseo | 가지시겠어요 gajisigesseoyo | 가지시겠습니다 gajisigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 가지셔 gajisyeo | 가지셔서 gajisyeoseo | 가지시니 gajisini | 가지시니까 gajisinikka | |
| Contrast | 가지시지만 gajisijiman | 가지시는데 gajisineunde | 가지시더니 gajisideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 가지시고 gajisigo | ||||
| Condition | 가지시면 gajisimyeon | 가지셔야 gajisyeoya | |||
| Motive | 가지시려고 gajisiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 가지심 gajisim | 가지시기 gajisigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 가지셨음 gajisyeosseum | 가지셨기 gajisyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 가지신 gajisin | |||
| Present | 가지시는 gajisineun | ||||
| Future | 가지실 gajisil | ||||
Derived terms
See also
- 있다 (itda, “to be, to have”)
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