造る

Japanese

Kanji in this term
造
つく Grade: 5
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) つくる [tsùkúꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [2])[1][2]
- IPA^(key): [t͡sɨᵝkɯ̟ᵝɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

造る (transitive, godan conjugation, hiragana つくる, rōmaji tsukuru)

Alternative form of 作る

Usage notes

This form often refers to making or producing things on a large scale.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "造る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	造ら	つくら	tsukura
Continuative (連用形)	造り	つくり	tsukuri
Terminal (終止形)	造る	つくる	tsukuru
Attributive (連体形)	造る	つくる	tsukuru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	造れ	つくれ	tsukure
Imperative (命令形)	造れ	つくれ	tsukure
Key constructions
Passive	造られる	つくられる	tsukurareru
Causative	造らせる造らす	つくらせるつくらす	tsukuraseru tsukurasu
Potential	造れる	つくれる	tsukureru
Volitional	造ろう	つくろう	tsukurō
Negative	造らない	つくらない	tsukuranai
Negative continuative	造らず	つくらず	tsukurazu
Formal	造ります	つくります	tsukurimasu
Perfective	造った	つくった	tsukutta
Conjunctive	造って	つくって	tsukutte
Hypothetical conditional	造れば	つくれば	tsukureba

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

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