武士

武士

1. warrior; fighter
2. soldier
3. (historical) member of a powerful military caste (in medieval Europe or Japan); samurai
4. (historical) palace guard

• (warrior):

• (soldier):

From 伏 (bushi), found in terms such as 山伏 (yamabushi, “mountain hermit”) and 野伏 (nobushi, “hermit; brigand”). Fushi is the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of 伏す (fusu, “to bow down, to prostrate”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

The kanji are ateji (当て字), first coined by Shinobu Orikuchi. However, 武士 itself is first attested in the Nara period.

• On’yomi: Kan’on
  • (Tokyo) ぶ​し [búꜜshì] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA^(key): [bɯ̟ᵝɕi]

武士 (hiragana ぶし, rōmaji bushi)

1. a person who serves a lord or a master
   1. samurai

      武 (ぶ)士 (し)は食 (く)わねど高楊 (たかよう)枝 (じ)

      bushi wa kuwanedo takayōji

      a samurai, even when he has not eaten, uses a toothpick like a lord

   2. warrior

• 武 (ぶ)士 (し)に二 (に)言 (ごん)なし (bushi ni nigon nashi)
• 武 (ぶ)士 (し)は相 (あい)身 (み)互 (たが)い (bushi wa aimitagai)
• 花 (はな)は桜 (さくら)木 (ぎ)人 (ひと)は武 (ぶ)士 (し) (hana wa sakuragi hito wa bushi)

武士 (hiragana ぶし, rōmaji Bushi)

1. a place name
2. a surname​.

/mo₂no₂no₂be₁/ → */mo₂no₂no₂bu/ → */mo₂no₂no₂pu/ → /mononopu/ → /mononofu/

From Old Japanese.

From the 物部氏 (Mononobe-uji, “Mononobe clan”), by re-interpretation of the kun-reading of 部 (be) to the kanyōon reading of fu. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓).

• (Irregular reading)
  • (Tokyo) ものの​ふ [mònónóꜜfù] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [mo̞no̞no̞ɸɯ̟ᵝ]

武士 (hiragana もののふ, rōmaji mononofu)

1. a person who serves a lord or a master
   1. samurai
   2. warrior
   • 1987 March 20 [Feb 20 1987], Fujiko Fujio, “超兵器ガ壱號 [Super-Weapon Guh Mk. Ⅰ]”, in カンビュセスの籤くじ [Cambyses’s Drawing] (藤子不二雄 ＳＦ全短編; 1), volume 1 (fiction), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第一章, page 99:

     「忠臣ハ二君ニ仕エズ」ト海堂サン教エタデショ　今デハ日本ガ私ノ祖国　不名誉ナ追放ヨリ名誉アル死ヲ選ビマス　武士モノノフノ死ニザマヲ見トドケテクダサイ

     “Chūshin ni wa nikun tsukaezu” to Kaidō-san oshieta desho Ima de wa Nippon ga watashi no sokoku Fumeiyo na seihō yori meiyo aru shi o ebimasu Mononofu no shi ni zama o mitodokete kudasai

     Kaidō-san taught me that “royal servants do not serve two masters”, right? Japan is now my motherland. I would rather choose honored death over dishonored exile. Please watch me die like a samurai.

2. (historical) an official who served in the upper court in the pre-Heian period (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

• 武士 (もののふ)の道 (みち) (mononofu no michi)

• 物 (ものの)部 (べ) (Mononobe)

Various nanori readings.

武士 (hiragana たけし, rōmaji Takeshi)

1. a place name
2. a surname​.
3. a male given name (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

武士 (hiragana たけひと, rōmaji Takehito)

1. a male given name (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

武士 • (musa) (hangeul 무사)

1. Hanja form^? of 무사 (“warrior”).

武士

1. Hán tự form of võ sĩ (“combat sport contender; warrior; samurai”).

• 武士道 (võ sĩ đạo)