拍拚

The following etymology was provided by Taiwanese language expert, Professor Dang Hong-Zing (董峰政, Táng Hong-chèng):

When Taiwan was under Japanese rule, Kodama Gentarō, then Governor-General of Taiwan, became concerned about the spread of infectious diseases. He tasked his head of civilian affairs, Gotō Shimpei, to instruct the public to air their bedding and clean their kitchens at least once a week. After the bedding was aired in the sun, one had to beat it with a stick 拍 (phah). The verb for cleaning the kitchen was 摒 (piàⁿ). It became common practice to ask people if they had carried out these two tasks by asking, "Have you phah-piàⁿ (lit. beat out your bedding and clean your kitchen) this week?" Since 拼 (pīn) and 摒 (bìng) are pronounced the same in Min Nan, 拼 (pīn) came to be used instead. Eventually, the word came to mean to strive, or to work diligently. Since the equivalent of 拍 (pāi) is 打 (dǎ) in Mandarin, this word is often written as 打拼 (dǎpīn). It is likely that the Mandarin word dǎpīn came from the Min Nan phah-piàⁿ.

拍拚

1. (Min Nan) to work diligently; to strive; to work hard

   • 伊的骨力拍拚，佇後來得著富貴。 [Min Nan, trad.]
     伊的骨力拍拚，伫后来得着富贵。 [Min Nan, simp.]

     From: 2006: Min Nan Wikipedia, Tân Kah-kiⁿ (Tan Kah Kee)

     I ê kut-la̍t phah-piàⁿ, tī āu--lâi tit-tio̍h hù-kùi. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

     He later amassed a fortune as a result of his hard work and persistence.

• 骨力 (kut-la̍t)

• The story behind phah-piàⁿ (in Mandarin)
• “Entry #4051”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
• Governor-General of Taiwan (1931–1932), “拍拚”, in 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor, 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (in Japanese and Min Nan), volume 2, Taihoku: 同府 (Dōfu), OCLC 25747241, page 572