寶馬

See also: 宝马

Chinese

		a jewel or gem; a treasure; precious	horse; surname
trad. (寶馬)		寶	馬
simp. (宝马)		宝	马

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bǎomǎ

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄠˇ ㄇㄚˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bou² maa⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: bǎomǎ [Phonetic: báomǎ]
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ ㄇㄚˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baomaa
  - IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: bou² maa⁵
  - Yale: bóu máh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bou² maa⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: bou² ma⁵
  - IPA ^(key): /pou̯³⁵ mäː¹³/

Middle Chinese: /pɑu^X mˠa^X/▼

Rime
Character	寶	馬
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	博抱切	莫下切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɑu^X/	/mˠa^X/
Pan Wuyun	/pɑu^X/	/mᵚa^X/
Shao Rongfen	/pɑu^X/	/ma^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/paw^X/	/maɨ^X/
Li Rong	/pɑu^X/	/ma^X/
Wang Li	/pɑu^X/	/ma^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/pɑu^X/	/ma^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bǎo	mǎ

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤuʔ mˤraʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*puːʔ mraːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	寶	馬
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bǎo	mǎ
Middle Chinese	‹ paw^X ›	‹ mæ^X ›
Old Chinese	/*pˁuʔ/	/*mˁraʔ/
English	precious thing	horse
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	寶	馬
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	3264	8715
Phonetic component	缶	馬
Rime group	幽	魚
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	寶	馬
Old Chinese	/*puːʔ/	/*mraːʔ/

Etymology 1

Noun

寶馬

precious horse; treasure horse
貳師馬，宛寶馬也。 [MSC, trad.]
贰师马，宛宝马也。 [MSC, simp.]
From: 《史記•大宛列傳》
Èrshī mǎ, Wǎn bǎomǎ yě. [Pinyin]
(please add an English translation of this example)

Derived terms

寶馬香車／宝马香车

香車寶馬／香车宝马

Etymology 2

Phono-semantic matching of German BMW.

Proper noun

寶馬

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) BMW (brand and car)

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