家族

Chinese
 
home; family; ‑ist; ‑er; ‑ian; measure word for stores and schools
 
race; nationality; ethnicity; clan
simp. and trad.
(家族)		 家 族

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 家 族
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 麻 (98) 屋 (3)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) II I
Fanqie 古牙切 昨木切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kˠa/ /d͡zuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kᵚa/ /d͡zuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ka/ /d͡zuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kaɨ/ /d͡zəwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /ka/ /d͡zuk̚/
Wang
Li		 /ka/ /d͡zuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ka/ /d͡zʱuk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jiā zú

Noun

家族

  1. family; household; clan
    家族世襲 / 家族世袭  ―  jiāzú shìxí  ―  hereditary succession

Synonyms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (家族):

Japanese
Kanji in this term
家 族
か
Grade: 2		 ぞく
Grade: 3
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 家族 (kˠa d͡zuk̚).

Pronunciation

Noun

家族 (hiragana かぞく, rōmaji kazoku)

  1. a family; a household
    • 2007 October 20, Izawa, Hiroshi; Yamada, Kotaro, “第だい43話わ　母ははの願ねがい [Chapter 43: Mother’s Wish]”, in ファイアーエムブレム 覇者の剣 [Fire Emblem: Sword of Champions], volume 5 (fiction), Jump Remix edition, Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 276:
      そして…オレはお前 (まえ)を連 (つ)れてリキアの山 (やま)奥 (おく)へとたどりついたのだ　家 (か)族 (ぞく)を持 (も)たぬ俺 (おれ)に…光 (ひかり)をくれた…アル…お前 (まえ)達 (たち)には感 (かん)謝 (しゃ)している…
      Soshite… ore wa o-mae o tsurete Rikia no yamaoku e to tadoritsuita no da Kazoku o motanu ore ni… hikari o kureta… Aru… o-mae-tachi ni wa kansha shite iru…
      After that… I took you to the mountains of Lycia and settled there. You brought light to me… a man who had known no family… Alle… thank you both for that…
    • 2015 July 27, Ekström, Åsa, “第１話　ようこそ、ここへ [Chapter 1: welcome]”, in さよならセプテンバー [Goodbye September], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Creek & River:
      ぼくらは幸 (しあわ)せな家 (か)族 (ぞく)になるよぜったい！
      Bokura wa shiawase na kazoku ni naru yo zettai!
      We’ll definitely make a happy family!

Usage notes

家族 refers to one’s own family, particularly immediate family – parents, children, and siblings. To refer to another’s family, one uses the honorific form ご家族 (go-kazoku, “another’s family”, honorific). To refer to one’s relatives generally, one uses 親戚 (shinseki, “relative”), which includes even distant relatives. For close relatives – say, aunts, uncles, and close cousins – one may use 近親 (kinshin, “close relative”). For close people, not necessarily family, one may use 身内 (miuchi, “close family, close friends”).

Synonyms
  • 御家族, ご家族 (かぞく) (go-kazoku) (honorific)

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  • 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean
Hanja in this term
家族

Noun

家族 • (gajok) (hangeul 가족)

  1. Hanja form? of 가족 (“family, household”).

Vietnamese
Hán tự in this word
家族

Noun

家族

  1. Hán tự form of gia tộc (“family”).
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