如來

See also: 如来

Chinese

		as (if); such as	to come
trad. (如來)		如	來
simp. (如来)		如	来

Etymology

Semantic translation of Sanskrit तथागत (tathāgata).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): rúlái

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄨˊ ㄌㄞˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁴ loi⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yì-lòi
Min Dong (BUC): ṳ̀-lài / ṳ̀-lì
Min Nan (POJ): jû-lâi / lû-lâi / jî-lâi / lî-lâi
Wu (Wiktionary): zr le (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: rúlái
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˊ ㄌㄞˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rulai
  - IPA ^(key): /ʐu³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jyu⁴ loi⁴
  - Yale: yùh lòih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴ loi⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴ loi⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹ lɔːy̯²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì-lòi
  - Hakka Romanization System: iˇ loiˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi² loi²
  - IPA: /i¹¹ loi̯¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì-lòi
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iˇ loiˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi² loi²
  - IPA: /(j)i¹¹ loi̯¹¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̀-lài / ṳ̀-lì
  - IPA ^(key): /y⁵³⁻³³ l̃ai⁵³/, /y⁵³⁻³³ l̃i⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jû-lâi
  - Tâi-lô: jû-lâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: julaai
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /zu²³⁻³³ laɪ²³/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lû-lâi
  - Tâi-lô: lû-lâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lulaai
  - IPA (Taipei): /lu²⁴⁻¹¹ laɪ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jî-lâi
  - Tâi-lô: jî-lâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jilaai
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ʑi²³⁻³³ laɪ²³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lî-lâi
  - Tâi-lô: lî-lâi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lilaai
  - IPA (Taipei): /li²⁴⁻¹¹ laɪ²⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: zr le (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /z̻z̩²² le̞⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: /ȵɨʌ lʌi/▼

Rime
Character	如	來
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	人諸切	洛哀切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨʌ/	/lʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiɔ/	/ləi/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑiɔ/	/lɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵɨə̆/	/ləj/
Li Rong	/ȵiɔ/	/lᴀi/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭo/	/lɒi/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯wo/	/lɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rú	lái

Noun

如來

(Buddhism) Tathāgata

Derived terms

不空成就如來／不空成就如来 (bùkōngchéngjiùrúlái)

如來藏／如来藏

Japanese

Kanji in this term
如	來
にょ Grade: S	らい Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi
- IPA^(key): [ɲ̟o̞ɾa̠i]

Proper noun

如來 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 如来, hiragana にょらい, rōmaji Nyorai)

Kyūjitai form of 如来:(Buddhism) Tathāgata

Korean

Hanja in this term
如	來

Noun

如來 • (yeorae) (hangeul 여래)

Hanja form^? of 여래 (“(Buddhism) Tathāgata”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this word
如	來

Noun

如來

Hán tự form of Như Lai (“(Buddhism) Tathāgata”).

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