境
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
境 (radical 32, 土+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 土卜廿山 (GYTU), four-corner 40116, composition ⿰土竟)
References
- KangXi: page 237, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5409
- Dae Jaweon: page 475, character 23
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 482, character 6
- Unihan data for U+5883
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
境 | |
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variant forms | 㘫 second round simplified |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 境 | |
---|---|
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Characters in the same phonetic series (竟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
---|---|
Old Chinese | |
滰 | *ɡaŋʔ |
境 | *kraŋʔ |
竟 | *kraŋs |
鏡 | *kraŋs |
獍 | *kraŋs |
樈 | *ɡraŋ |
璄 | *qraŋʔ |
摬 | *qraŋʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kraŋʔ) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 竟 (OC *kraŋs).
Pronunciation
Compounds
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Japanese
Compounds
- 難境 (nankyō): difficult situation, difficult circumstances
- 越境 (ekkyō): crossing a border (of a country or territory)
- 環境 (kankyō): The environment, an environment
Noun
境 (hiragana きょう, rōmaji kyō, historical hiragana きやう)
- region, environment
- mental state
- (Buddhism) something that can be perceived with the mind or senses
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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境 |
さかい Grade: 5 |
kun’yomi |
/sakapi/ → /sakaɸi/ → /sakahi/ → /sakai/
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of obsolete verb 境う (sakau, “to divide, to form a boundary between things”).[2][1]
Some sources[2] further derive the verb as Old Japanese element 境 (saka, “division, border, boundary”) + auxiliary verb ふ (fu) indicating repetition or ongoing state. However, given the semantics, this could also be analyzed as the repetitive or ongoing aspect of Old Japanese-derived verb saku with an underlying meaning of “to split apart, to separate, to put distance between”, spelled variously as 割く, 裂く, 離く, or 放く, and cognate with 咲く (saku, “to bloom”, from the idea of the blooms splitting open), 栄える (sakaeru, “to prosper”, extended from the bloom sense), 盛ん (sakan, “prospering, fluorishing”).
Alternative forms
- 界 (less common)
References
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
Korean
Hanja
境 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng)
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Vietnamese
Han character
境 (cảnh)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.