喋る
Japanese
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 喋 |
| しゃべ Jinmeiyō |
| kun’yomi |
Etymology
Unknown.
Possible analyses include:
- Related to しゃぶしゃぶ (shabushabu), itself apparently an onomatopoeia.
- Derived as intensifying prefix しゃ (sha) attaching to a root form related to べりべり (beriberi, “talkatively; a talkative person”), べらべら (berabera, “bubblingly; talkatively”), べろ (bero, “tongue”).
Listed in the Nippo Jisho of 1603.[1] Earliest appearance may be in the early 1300s during the Kamakura period.[2]
Verb
喋る (godan conjugation, hiragana しゃべる, rōmaji shaberu)
- to talk, to speak, to chat, to chatter
- 私は日本語を喋ることができる。
- Watashi wa nihongo o shaberu koto ga dekiru.
- I can speak Japanese.
- 彼は２時間立て続けに喋った。
- Kare wa ni jikan tate tsuzuke ni shabetta.
- He rattled on for two hours on end.
- 私は日本語を喋ることができる。
- to let secrets out
- このことはめったに喋ってもらっては困るよ。
- Kono koto wa metta ni shabette moratte wa komaru yo.
- Be sure to keep your mouth shut about this.
- このことはめったに喋ってもらっては困るよ。
Conjugation
Conjugation of "喋る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 喋ら | しゃべら | shabera |
| Continuative (連用形) | 喋り | しゃべり | shaberi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 喋る | しゃべる | shaberu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 喋る | しゃべる | shaberu |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 喋れ | しゃべれ | shabere |
| Imperative (命令形) | 喋れ | しゃべれ | shabere |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 喋られる | しゃべられる | shaberareru |
| Causative | 喋らせる 喋らす |
しゃべらせる しゃべらす |
shaberaseru shaberasu |
| Potential | 喋れる | しゃべれる | shabereru |
| Volitional | 喋ろう | しゃべろう | shaberō |
| Negative | 喋らない | しゃべらない | shaberanai |
| Negative continuative | 喋らず | しゃべらず | shaberazu |
| Formal | 喋ります | しゃべります | shaberimasu |
| Perfective | 喋った | しゃべった | shabetta |
| Conjunctive | 喋って | しゃべって | shabette |
| Hypothetical conditional | 喋れば | しゃべれば | shabereba |
Synonyms
- (speak, talk): 話す (hanasu)
Derived terms
- お喋り (oshaberi)
References
- 1603, 日葡辞書: パリ本 / Vocabulario da Lingoa Iapam (Nippo Jisho: Paris edition / Vocabulary of the Language of Japan) (in Japanese and Portuguese), 1976 reprint, Tōkyō: Bensei Publishing, text here, right-hand column.
- 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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