前後

See also: 前后

Chinese

		front, forepart; in front; past front, forepart; in front; past; former; previous; last; before; preceding; earlier; ago; future; time ahead; first; top; battlefront; to move forward	back; behind; rear back; behind; rear; afterwards; after; later
trad. (前後)		前	後
simp. (前后)		前	后

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiánhòu

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄡˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cin⁴ hau⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhièn-heu
Min Nan (POJ): chêng-āu / chûiⁿ-ǎu / chiân-hō͘ / chiân-hiǒ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: qiánhòu
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄡˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyanhow
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: cin⁴ hau⁶
  - Yale: chìhn hauh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsin⁴ hau⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: qin⁴ heo⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːn²¹ hɐu̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhièn-heu
  - Hakka Romanization System: qienˇ heu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qian² heu⁴
  - IPA: /t͡ɕʰi̯en¹¹ heu̯⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chêng-āu
  - Tâi-lô: tsîng-āu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zeng'au
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiɪŋ¹³⁻²² aʊ²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɪŋ²³⁻³³ aʊ³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ aʊ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² aʊ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chûiⁿ-ǎu
  - Tâi-lô: tsuînn-ǎu
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡suĩ²⁴⁻²² aʊ²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiân-hō͘
  - Tâi-lô: tsiân-hōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cienho
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɛn²³⁻³³ hɔ³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕiɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiɛn¹³⁻²² hɔ²²/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕiɛn²⁴⁻²² hɔ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiân-hiǒ
  - Tâi-lô: tsiân-hiǒ
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiɛn²⁴⁻²² hio²²/

Note:

chêng-āu/chûiⁿ-ǎu - vernacular;
chiân-hō͘/chiân-hiǒ - literary.

Noun

前後

front and rear; before and after

Adverb

前後

around; about
from beginning to end

Derived terms

前後矛盾／前后矛盾 (qiánhòumáodùn)
前後腳兒／前后脚儿

前後院／前后院

Japanese

Kanji in this term
前	後
ぜん Grade: 2	ご Grade: 2
on’yomi

Noun

前後 (hiragana ぜんご, rōmaji zengo)

Compounds

前 (ぜん)後 (ご)関 (かん)係 (けい) (zengokankei)

Suffix

前後 (hiragana ぜんご, rōmaji -zengo)

about, around

Synonyms

ぐらい (gurai)

Verb

前後する (hiragana ぜんごする, rōmaji zengo suru)

to invert the order

Conjugation

Conjugation of "前後する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	前後し	ぜんごし	zengo shi
Continuative (連用形)	前後し	ぜんごし	zengo shi
Terminal (終止形)	前後する	ぜんごする	zengo suru
Attributive (連体形)	前後する	ぜんごする	zengo suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	前後すれ	ぜんごすれ	zengo sure
Imperative (命令形)	前後せよ¹ 前後しろ²	ぜんごせよ¹ ぜんごしろ²	zengo seyo¹ zengo shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	前後される	ぜんごされる	zengo sareru
Causative	前後させる前後さす	ぜんごさせるぜんごさす	zengo saseru zengo sasu
Potential	前後できる	ぜんごできる	zengo dekiru
Volitional	前後しよう	ぜんごしよう	zengo shiyō
Negative	前後しない	ぜんごしない	zengo shinai
Negative continuative	前後せず	ぜんごせず	zengo sezu
Formal	前後します	ぜんごします	zengo shimasu
Perfective	前後した	ぜんごした	zengo shita
Conjunctive	前後して	ぜんごして	zengo shite
Hypothetical conditional	前後すれば	ぜんごすれば	zengo sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

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