倡

倡	U+5021, 倡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5021

← 倠
[U+5020]

CJK Unified Ideographs

倢 →
[U+5022]

Translingual

Han character

倡 (radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人日日 (OAA), four-corner 2626₀, composition ⿰亻昌)

References

KangXi: page 108, character 12

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 783

Dae Jaweon: page 231, character 2

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 177, character 5

Unihan data for U+5021

Chinese

simp. and trad.		倡

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 倡

Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)

Liushutong (compiled in Ming)

Small seal script

Transcribed ancient scripts

**Small seal script**
s05852

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L24011	L24012	L24013	L24010

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (昌) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
昌	*tʰjaŋ
倡	tʰjaŋ, tʰjaŋs
猖	*tʰjaŋ
菖	*tʰjaŋ
閶	*tʰjaŋ
鯧	*tʰjaŋ
裮	*tʰjaŋ
琩	*tʰjaŋ
唱	*tʰjaŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tʰjaŋ, *tʰjaŋs) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 昌 (OC *tʰjaŋ).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chàng (chang⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng³, coeng¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhong
Min Dong (BUC): chióng
Min Nan (POJ): chhiòng / chhiàng
Wu (Wiktionary): tshaan (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: chàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˋ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'ang⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chanq
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: coeng³, coeng¹
  - Yale: cheung, chēung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng³, tsoeng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêng³, cêng¹
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃʰœ̽ːŋ³³/, /t͡ʃʰœ̽ːŋ⁵⁵/

Note: coeng1 - common variant.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhong
  - Hakka Romanization System: cong
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cong⁴
  - IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chióng
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuɔŋ²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiòng
  - Tâi-lô: tshiòng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chioxng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰiɔŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰiɔŋ¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiàng
  - Tâi-lô: tshiàng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chiaxng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰiaŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰiaŋ¹¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁴¹/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tshaan (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑ̃³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕʰɨɐŋ^H/▼

Rime
Character	倡
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	昌 (24)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	尺亮切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕʰɨɐŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʰiɐŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕʰiɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cʰɨaŋ^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕʰiaŋ^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕʰĭaŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕʰi̯aŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chàng

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*mə-tʰaŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*tʰjaŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	倡
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chàng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyhang^H ›
Old Chinese	/*mə-tʰaŋ-s/
English	to lead (in singing)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	倡
Reading #	2/2
No.	1258
Phonetic component	昌
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	唱
Old Chinese	/*tʰjaŋs/

Definitions

倡

to lead (a chorus); to introduce
to sing
to advocate; to recommend; to encourage; to promote; to propagate

Compounds

一倡三歎／一倡三叹
一倡百和
倡優／倡优
倡和
倡始
倡導／倡导 (chàngdǎo)
倡導者／倡导者

倡廉
倡義／倡义
倡言
倡議／倡议 (chàngyì)
倡議書／倡议书
倡隨／倡随
倡首 (chàngshǒu)

反腐倡廉
夫倡婦隨／夫倡妇随
彼倡此和
提倡 (tíchàng)
為主作倡／为主作倡
首倡 (shǒuchàng)
首倡義舉／首倡义举

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chāng (chang¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄤ
Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng¹
Min Dong (BUC): chiŏng
Min Nan (POJ): chhiong

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: chāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄤ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'ang¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chang
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: coeng¹
  - Yale: chēung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: cêng¹
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ʃʰœ̽ːŋ⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chiŏng
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuoŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiong
  - Tâi-lô: tshiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chiofng
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕʰɨɐŋ/▼

Rime
Character	倡
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	昌 (24)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	尺良切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕʰɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʰiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕʰiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cʰɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕʰiaŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕʰĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕʰi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chāng

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*tʰjaŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	倡
Reading #	1/2
No.	1250
Phonetic component	昌
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	昌
Old Chinese	/*tʰjaŋ/

Definitions

倡

^† professional singer
^† musician; actor; entertainer
^† Alternative form of 娼 (chāng, “prostitute”).

Compounds

俳倡
倡優／倡优
倡女
倡家

倡寮
倡揚／倡扬
倡條／倡条
倡條冶葉／倡条冶叶

冶葉倡條／冶叶倡条
妍倡
幸倡

Japanese

Kanji

倡

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: しょう (shō)
Kan-on: しょう (shō)
Kun: となえる (tonaeru, 倡える); わざおぎ (wazaogi, 倡)

Korean

Hanja

倡 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang)

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Vietnamese

Han character

倡 (xướng)

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