ぴかぴか

Japanese

Etymology

/fikafika/ → /pikapika/

Reduplication of the hika root of Old Japanese-derived 光る (hikaru, “to shine, to gleam”). Listed as fikafika in the 1603 Nippo Jisho.[1]

Pronunciation 1

Adverb

ぴかぴか (rōmaji pikapika)

  1. (onomatopoeia) glitteringly, sparklingly
Usage notes

Generally used without a particle:

  • ぴかぴか光 (ひか)る宝石 (ほうせき)
    pikapika hikaru hōseki
    a sparklingly shining jewel

Sometimes encountered with the adverbial particle と (to):

  • ぴかぴかと光 (ひか)る宝石 (ほうせき)
    pikapika to hikaru hōseki
    a sparklingly shining jewel

Pronunciation 2

Adjective

ぴかぴか (-na inflection, rōmaji pikapika)

  1. shiny, glossy
    ぴかぴかなグラス
    pikapika na gurasu
    a shiny drinking glass
Inflection
Inflection of ぴかぴか
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) ぴかぴかだろ pikapika daro
Continuative (連用形) ぴかぴかで pikapika de
Terminal (終止形) ぴかぴかだ pikapika da
Attributive (連体形) ぴかぴかな pikapika na
Hypothetical (仮定形) ぴかぴかなら pikapika nara
Imperative (命令形) ぴかぴかであれ pikapika de are
Key constructions
Informal negative ぴかぴかではない
ぴかぴかじゃない		 pikapika de wa nai
pikapika ja nai
Informal past ぴかぴかだった pikapika datta
Informal negative past ぴかぴかではなかった
ぴかぴかじゃなかった		 pikapika de wa nakatta
pikapika ja nakatta
Formal ぴかぴかです pikapika desu
Formal negative ぴかぴかではありません
ぴかぴかじゃありません		 pikapika de wa arimasen
pikapika ja arimasen
Formal past ぴかぴかでした pikapika deshita
Formal negative past ぴかぴかではありませんでした
ぴかぴかじゃありませんでした		 pikapika de wa arimasen deshita
pikapika ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive ぴかぴかで pikapika de
Conditional ぴかぴかなら（ば） pikapika nara (ba)
Provisional ぴかぴかだったら pikapika dattara
Volitional ぴかぴかだろう pikapika darō
Adverbial ぴかぴかに pikapika ni
Degree ぴかぴかさ pikapikasa

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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