ἄρχων

See also: άρχων and αρχών

Ancient Greek

Etymology

A noun use of the present participle of ἄρχω (árkhō, “to rule”).

Pronunciation
 

Noun

ᾰ̓́ρχων • (árkhōn) m (genitive ᾰ̓́ρχοντος); third declension

  1. ruler

Inflection
Third declension of ὁ ᾰ̓́ρχων; τοῦ ᾰ̓́ρχοντος (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ ᾰ̓́ρχων
ho árkhōn		 τὼ ᾰ̓́ρχοντε
tṑ árkhonte		 οἱ ᾰ̓́ρχοντες
hoi árkhontes
Genitive τοῦ ᾰ̓́ρχοντος
toû árkhontos		 τοῖν ᾰ̓ρχόντοιν
toîn arkhóntoin		 τῶν ᾰ̓ρχόντων
tôn arkhóntōn
Dative τῷ ᾰ̓́ρχοντῐ
tôi árkhonti		 τοῖν ᾰ̓ρχόντοιν
toîn arkhóntoin		 τοῖς ᾰ̓́ρχουσῐ / ᾰ̓́ρχουσῐν
toîs árkhousi(n)
Accusative τὸν ᾰ̓́ρχοντᾰ
tòn árkhonta		 τὼ ᾰ̓́ρχοντε
tṑ árkhonte		 τοὺς ᾰ̓́ρχοντᾰς
toùs árkhontas
Vocative ᾰ̓́ρχον
árkhon		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντε
árkhonte		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντες
árkhontes
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Participle

ᾰ̓́ρχων • (árkhōn) m (feminine ᾰ̓́ρχουσᾰ, neuter ᾰ̓́ρχον); first/third declension

  1. present active participle of ᾰ̓́ρχω (árkhō)

Inflection
First and third declension of ᾰ̓́ρχων; ᾰ̓́ρχουσᾰ; ᾰ̓́ρχον (Attic)
Number Singular Dual Plural
Case/Gender MasculineFeminine Neuter MasculineFeminine Neuter MasculineFeminine Neuter
Nominative ᾰ̓́ρχων
árkhōn		 ᾰ̓́ρχουσᾰ
árkhousa		 ᾰ̓́ρχον
árkhon		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντε
árkhonte		 ᾰ̓ρχούσᾱ
arkhoúsā		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντε
árkhonte		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντες
árkhontes		 ᾰ̓́ρχουσαι
árkhousai		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντᾰ
árkhonta
Genitive ᾰ̓́ρχοντος
árkhontos		 ᾰ̓ρχούσης
arkhoúsēs		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντος
árkhontos		 ᾰ̓ρχόντοιν
arkhóntoin		 ᾰ̓ρχούσαιν
arkhoúsain		 ᾰ̓ρχόντοιν
arkhóntoin		 ᾰ̓ρχόντων
arkhóntōn		 ᾰ̓ρχουσῶν
arkhousôn		 ᾰ̓ρχόντων
arkhóntōn
Dative ᾰ̓́ρχοντῐ
árkhonti		 ᾰ̓ρχούσῃ
arkhoúsēi		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντῐ
árkhonti		 ᾰ̓ρχόντοιν
arkhóntoin		 ᾰ̓ρχούσαιν
arkhoúsain		 ᾰ̓ρχόντοιν
arkhóntoin		 ᾰ̓́ρχουσῐ / ᾰ̓́ρχουσῐν
árkhousi(n)		 ᾰ̓ρχούσαις
arkhoúsais		 ᾰ̓́ρχουσῐ / ᾰ̓́ρχουσῐν
árkhousi(n)
Accusative ᾰ̓́ρχοντᾰ
árkhonta		 ᾰ̓́ρχουσᾰν
árkhousan		 ᾰ̓́ρχον
árkhon		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντε
árkhonte		 ᾰ̓ρχούσᾱ
arkhoúsā		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντε
árkhonte		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντᾰς
árkhontas		 ᾰ̓ρχούσᾱς
arkhoúsās		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντᾰ
árkhonta
Vocative ᾰ̓́ρχων
árkhōn		 ᾰ̓́ρχουσᾰ
árkhousa		 ᾰ̓́ρχον
árkhon		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντε
árkhonte		 ᾰ̓ρχούσᾱ
arkhoúsā		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντε
árkhonte		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντες
árkhontes		 ᾰ̓́ρχουσαι
árkhousai		 ᾰ̓́ρχοντᾰ
árkhonta
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants
  • Greek: άρχοντας (árchontas), άρχων (árchon)
  • → Arabic: أَرْخُون‎ (ʾarḵūn), أَرْكُونٌ‎ (ʾarkūnun)
  • → Aramaic: ארכון‎ (ʾrkwn /ʾarkōn/), [script needed] (ʾrkwnʾ /ʾarkōnā/)
  • → Classical Syriac: ܐܪܟܘܢ‎ (ʾrkwn /ʾarkōn/), ܐܪܟܘܢܐ‎ (ʾrkwnʾ /ʾarkōnā/)
    • → Old Armenian: *արքոյն (*arkʿoyn), արքայ (arkʿay)
  • → Coptic: ⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ (arkhōn)
  • → Latin: archōn
  • → English: archon

Further reading
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