تبر

See also: تثر‎, بتر‎, پتر‎, ثبر‎, تتر‎, ببر‎, and بثر‎

Arabic

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Aramaic הֵּבְרָא‎ / ܬܷܒܪܐ‎ (təḇrā, “fragment”), absolute state תְּבַר‎ /‎ ܬܒܱܪ‎ (tḇar), from תְּבַר‎ / ܬܒܱܪ‎ (tḇar, “to break, to fract”), the Aramaic equivalent to Arabic ثَبَرَ‎ (ṯabara, “to destroy”).

Noun

تِبْر • (tibr) m (collective, singulative تِبْرَة‎ (tibra))

pure, unalloyed ore of gold or silver
- 7th century CE, Sunan Abī Dāwud, 23:24:
  
  ‏الذَّهَبُ بِٱلذَّهَبِ تِبْرُهَا وَعَيْنُهَا وَٱلْفِضَّةُ بِٱلْفِضَّةِ تِبْرُهَا وَعَيْنُهَا وَٱلْبُرُّ بِٱلْبُرِّ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَٱلشَّعِيرُ بِٱلشَّعِيرِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَٱلتَّمْرُ بِٱلتَّمْرِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَٱلْمِلْحُ بِٱلْمِلْحِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ‎
  aḏ-ḏahabu bi-ḏ-ḏahabi tibruhā waʿaynuhā wal-fiḍḍatu bi-l-fiḍḍati tibruhā waʿaynuhā wal-burru bi-l-burri mudyun bimudyin waš-šaʿīru bi-š-šaʿīri mudyun bimudyin wat-tamru bi-t-tamri mudyun bimudyin wal-milḥu bi-l-milḥi mudyun bimudyin
  Gold is to be weighed for in gold, raw and coined, silver in silver, raw and coined, wheat in wheat in equal measure, barley in barley in equal measure, dates in dates in equal measure, salt in salt in equal measure.

Declension

Declension of noun تِبْر (tibr)

Collective	basic collective triptote
Collective	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تِبْر tibr	التِّبْر‎ at-tibr	تِبْر tibr
Nominative	تِبْرٌ tibrun	التِّبْرُ‎ at-tibru	تِبْرُ tibru
Accusative	تِبْرًا‎ tibran	التِّبْرَ‎ at-tibra	تِبْرَ tibra
Genitive	تِبْرٍ tibrin	التِّبْرِ‎ at-tibri	تِبْرِ tibri
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
Singulative	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تِبْرَة‎ tibra	التِّبْرَة‎ at-tibra	تِبْرَة‎ tibrat
Nominative	تِبْرَةٌ‎ tibratun	التِّبْرَةُ‎ at-tibratu	تِبْرَةُ‎ tibratu
Accusative	تِبْرَةً‎ tibratan	التِّبْرَةَ‎ at-tibrata	تِبْرَةَ‎ tibrata
Genitive	تِبْرَةٍ‎ tibratin	التِّبْرَةِ‎ at-tibrati	تِبْرَةِ‎ tibrati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تِبْرَتَيْن‎ tibratayn	التِّبْرَتَيْن‎ at-tibratayn	تِبْرَتَيْ‎ tibratay
Nominative	تِبْرَتَانِ‎ tibratāni	التِّبْرَتَانِ‎ at-tibratāni	تِبْرَتَا‎ tibratā
Accusative	تِبْرَتَيْنِ‎ tibratayni	التِّبْرَتَيْنِ‎ at-tibratayni	تِبْرَتَيْ‎ tibratay
Genitive	تِبْرَتَيْنِ‎ tibratayni	التِّبْرَتَيْنِ‎ at-tibratayni	تِبْرَتَيْ‎ tibratay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
Paucal (3-10)	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تِبْرَات‎ tibrāt	التِّبْرَات‎ at-tibrāt	تِبْرَات‎ tibrāt
Nominative	تِبْرَاتٌ‎ tibrātun	التِّبْرَاتُ‎ at-tibrātu	تِبْرَاتُ‎ tibrātu
Accusative	تِبْرَاتٍ‎ tibrātin	التِّبْرَاتِ‎ at-tibrāti	تِبْرَاتِ‎ tibrāti
Genitive	تِبْرَاتٍ‎ tibrātin	التِّبْرَاتِ‎ at-tibrāti	تِبْرَاتِ‎ tibrāti

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

تَبُرْ • (tabur) (form I)

second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of بَارَ‎ (bāra)
third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive of بَارَ‎ (bāra)

References

“tbr²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Fraenkel, Siegmund (1880) De vocabulis in antiquis Arabum carminibus et in Corano peregrinis‎ (in Latin), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 25
Freytag, Georg (1830), “تبر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 183
Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “تبر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 133

Persian

Etymology

Compare Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian տապար (tapar), Russian топо́р (topór).

Pronunciation

audio (file)

Noun

تبر • (tabar)

a hatchet, axe, or mattock

References

Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “تبر+tabar”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul

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