год

Belarusian

Pronunciation

IPA(key): [ɣot]

Etymology

From Old East Slavic годъ (godŭ, time, period), from Proto-Slavic *godъ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- (to unite, be associated, be suitable).

Noun

год (hod) m inanimate, gen. sg. го́да, го́ду (hóda, hódu), nom. & acc. pl. гады́ (hadý)

  1. year (time it takes for the Earth to complete one revolution around the Sun)

Declension

Derived terms

  • (periods of years): дзесяціго́ддзе (dzjesjacihóddzje), дваццаціго́ддзе (dvaccacihóddzje), трыццаціго́ддзе (tryccacihóddzje), саракаго́ддзе (sarakahóddzje), пяцідзесяціго́ддзе (pjacidzjesjacihóddzje), шасцідзесяціго́ддзе (šascidzjesjacihóddzje), сямідзесяціго́ддзе (sjamidzjesjacihóddzje), васьмідзесяціго́ддзе (vasʹmidzjesjacihóddzje), дзевяностаго́ддзе (dzjevjanostahóddzje), стаго́ддзе (stahóddzje)

Russian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old East Slavic годъ (godŭ, time, period, year, age), from Proto-Slavic *godъ (suitable time), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰodʰo-, from *gʰedʰ- (to unite, be associated, be suitable)

Cognates include Ukrainian годi (hodi, enough), Bulgarian годе (gode, ever) (as in кой-годе (koj-gode) = whoever), Czech hod, Polish gody (yearly feast), Upper Sorbian hody (Christmas), Lower Sorbian gódy (Christmas), Latvian gadigs, German Gatte (husband), gätlich (convenient), Dutch gegade, gade, gading, as well as English gather, good, Dutch gader, goed, and German gut

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɡot]
  • (file)
  • Homophone: гот (got)
  • Rhymes: -ot

Noun

год (god) m inan (genitive го́да, nominative plural го́ды or года́ or лета́, genitive plural годо́в or лет)

  1. year
    из го́да в годiz góda v godyear in and year out, from year to year
    в э́том году́v étom godúthis year
    года́миgodámifor years; for years on end
    девяно́стые го́дыdevjanóstyje gódythe '90s
    уче́бный годučébnyj godschool year; academic year
    Но́вый годNóvyj godNew Year’s Day
    Ему́ два́дцать оди́н год.Jemú dvádcatʹ odín god.He is 21 years old.
    Ему́ два́дцать три го́да.Jemú dvádcatʹ tri góda.He is 23 years old.
    Ему́ два́дцать пять лет.Jemú dvádcatʹ pjatʹ let.He is 25 years old.
    ты́сяча девятьсо́т девяно́сто второ́й годtýsjača devjatʹsót devjanósto vtorój god(year) 1992 (in words)
    две ты́сячи оди́ннадцатый годdve týsjači odínnadcatyj god(year) 2011 (in words)
    с ка́ждым го́домs káždym gódomfrom year to year, year by year, year after year
    по сравне́нию с те́м же пери́одом про́шлого го́да
    po sravnéniju s tém že períodom próšlovo góda
    as compared to the corresponding period last year, from the same time last year

Usage notes

  • Use the appropriate case of год after simple or compound numbers ending in оди́н (odín) (1), два (dva) (2), три (tri) (3), or четы́ре (četýre) (4), except for 11, 12, 13 and 14 (and 111 - 114, 211 - 214 etc.) - for these and all other numbers, and with adverbs of quantity (мно́го (mnógo), ско́лько (skólʹko), etc.), use the appropriate case of ле́то (léto).
  • After numbers that must be followed by a nominative or genitive singular, the appropriate form of год (god) is used. After numbers that must be followed by a genitive plural, the form лет (let) is used. When the number is in the dative, instrumental, or prepositional case, the appropriate form of год (god) must be used. Examples: оди́н год (nominative singular), два го́да (genitive singular), три го́да (genitive singular), пять лет (genitive plural); but бо́льше трёх лет (genitive plural), бо́льше пяти́ лет (genitive plural); and пяти́ года́м (dative plural), пятью́ года́ми (instrumental plural), o пяти́ года́х (prepositional plural).

Declension

Derived terms

See also

References

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), год”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv O. N., Moscow: Progress
  • Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), год”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 198
  • Sreznevskij, I. I. (1893), годъ”, in Materialy dlja slovarja drevne-russkago jazyka po pisʹmennym pamjatnikam [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old Russian Language According to Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 537

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *godъ. Cognate with Slovene god, Old Church Slavonic годъ (godŭ), Russian год (god).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɡôːd/

Noun

го̑д m (Latin spelling gȏd)

  1. name day
  2. anniversary, holiday
  3. ring (on a tree)

Declension

Particle

год (Latin spelling god)

  1. generalization particle
    (т)ко год — whoever
    што год — whatever
    шта год — whatever
    какав год — of whatever kind
    колики год — of whatever size
    који год — whichever
    кад год — whenever
    чији год — whosoever
    како год хоћеш — however you want it, however you wish
    колико год (да) кошта, желим га — whatever it costs, I want it
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