τιμωρέω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From τῑμωρός (tīmōrós, “avenging, avenger”) +‎ -έω (-éō, denominative verbal suffix), a contraction of τῑμάορος (tīmáoros), from τῑμή (tīmḗ, “honour”) +‎ ὁράω (horáō, “to see”)

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tiː.mɔː.ré.ɔː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ti.moˈrɛ.o/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ti.moˈre.o/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ti.moˈre.o/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ti.moˈre.o/

Verb

τῑμωρέω • (tīmōréō)

to avenge, exact vengeance
to succour, help one retaliate
to relieve, render medical aid

Inflection

Present: τῑμωρέω, τῑμωρέομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	τῑμωρέω	τῑμωρέεις	τῑμωρέει	τῑμωρέετον	τῑμωρέετον	τῑμωρέομεν	τῑμωρέετε	τῑμωρέουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	τῑμωρέω	τῑμωρέῃς	τῑμωρέῃ	τῑμωρέητον	τῑμωρέητον	τῑμωρέωμεν	τῑμωρέητε	τῑμωρέωσῐ(ν)
	optative	τῑμωρέοιμῐ	τῑμωρέοις	τῑμωρέοι	τῑμωρέοιτον	τῑμωρεοίτην	τῑμωρέοιμεν	τῑμωρέοιτε	τῑμωρέοιεν
	imperative		τῑμώρεε	τῑμωρεέτω	τῑμωρέετον	τῑμωρεέτων		τῑμωρέετε	τῑμωρεόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	τῑμωρέομαι	τῑμωρέῃ, τῑμωρέει	τῑμωρέεται	τῑμωρέεσθον	τῑμωρέεσθον	τῑμωρεόμεθᾰ	τῑμωρέεσθε	τῑμωρέονται
	subjunctive	τῑμωρέωμαι	τῑμωρέῃ	τῑμωρέηται	τῑμωρέησθον	τῑμωρέησθον	τῑμωρεώμεθᾰ	τῑμωρέησθε	τῑμωρέωνται
	optative	τῑμωρεοίμην	τῑμωρέοιο	τῑμωρέοιτο	τῑμωρέοισθον	τῑμωρεοίσθην	τῑμωρεοίμεθᾰ	τῑμωρέοισθε	τῑμωρέοιντο
	imperative		τῑμωρέου	τῑμωρεέσθω	τῑμωρέεσθον	τῑμωρεέσθων		τῑμωρέεσθε	τῑμωρεέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		τῑμωρέειν				τῑμωρέεσθαι
participle	m	τῑμωρέων				τῑμωρεόμενος
	f	τῑμωρέουσᾰ				τῑμωρεομένη
	n	τῑμωρέον				τῑμωρεόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Present: τῑμωρῶ, τῑμωροῦμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	τῑμωρῶ	τῑμωρεῖς	τῑμωρεῖ	τῑμωρεῖτον	τῑμωρεῖτον	τῑμωροῦμεν	τῑμωρεῖτε	τῑμωροῦσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	τῑμωρῶ	τῑμωρῇς	τῑμωρῇ	τῑμωρῆτον	τῑμωρῆτον	τῑμωρῶμεν	τῑμωρῆτε	τῑμωρῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	τῑμωροίην, τῑμωροῖμῐ	τῑμωροίης, τῑμωροῖς	τῑμωροίη, τῑμωροῖ	τῑμωροῖτον, τῑμωροίητον	τῑμωροίτην, τῑμωροιήτην	τῑμωροῖμεν, τῑμωροίημεν	τῑμωροῖτε, τῑμωροίητε	τῑμωροῖεν, τῑμωροίησᾰν
	imperative		τῑμώρει	τῑμωρείτω	τῑμωρεῖτον	τῑμωρείτων		τῑμωρεῖτε	τῑμωρούντων
middle/ passive	indicative	τῑμωροῦμαι	τῑμωρεῖ, τῑμωρῇ	τῑμωρεῖται	τῑμωρεῖσθον	τῑμωρεῖσθον	τῑμωρούμεθᾰ	τῑμωρεῖσθε	τῑμωροῦνται
	subjunctive	τῑμωρῶμαι	τῑμωρῇ	τῑμωρῆται	τῑμωρῆσθον	τῑμωρῆσθον	τῑμωρώμεθᾰ	τῑμωρῆσθε	τῑμωρῶνται
	optative	τῑμωροίμην	τῑμωροῖο	τῑμωροῖτο	τῑμωροῖσθον	τῑμωροίσθην	τῑμωροίμεθᾰ	τῑμωροῖσθε	τῑμωροῖντο
	imperative		τῑμωροῦ	τῑμωρείσθω	τῑμωρεῖσθον	τῑμωρείσθων		τῑμωρεῖσθε	τῑμωρείσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		τῑμωρεῖν				τῑμωρεῖσθαι
participle	m	τῑμωρῶν				τῑμωρούμενος
	f	τῑμωροῦσᾰ				τῑμωρουμένη
	n	τῑμωροῦν				τῑμωρούμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἐτῑμώρεον, ἐτῑμωρεόμην (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐτῑμώρεον	ἐτῑμώρεες	ἐτῑμώρεε(ν)	ἐτῑμωρέετον	ἐτῑμωρεέτην	ἐτῑμωρέομεν	ἐτῑμωρέετε	ἐτῑμώρεον
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐτῑμωρεόμην	ἐτῑμωρέου	ἐτῑμωρέετο	ἐτῑμωρέεσθον	ἐτῑμωρεέσθην	ἐτῑμωρεόμεθᾰ	ἐτῑμωρέεσθε	ἐτῑμωρέοντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἐτῑμώρουν, ἐτῑμωρούμην (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐτῑμώρουν	ἐτῑμώρεις	ἐτῑμώρει	ἐτῑμωρεῖτον	ἐτῑμωρείτην	ἐτῑμωροῦμεν	ἐτῑμωρεῖτε	ἐτῑμώρουν
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐτῑμωρούμην	ἐτῑμωροῦ	ἐτῑμωρεῖτο	ἐτῑμωρεῖσθον	ἐτῑμωρείσθην	ἐτῑμωρούμεθᾰ	ἐτῑμωρεῖσθε	ἐτῑμωροῦντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: τῑμωρήσω, τῑμωρήσομαι, τῑμωρηθήσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	τῑμωρήσω	τῑμωρήσεις	τῑμωρήσει	τῑμωρήσετον	τῑμωρήσετον	τῑμωρήσομεν	τῑμωρήσετε	τῑμωρήσουσῐ(ν)
active	optative	τῑμωρήσοιμῐ	τῑμωρήσοις	τῑμωρήσοι	τῑμωρήσοιτον	τῑμωρησοίτην	τῑμωρήσοιμεν	τῑμωρήσοιτε	τῑμωρήσοιεν
middle	indicative	τῑμωρήσομαι	τῑμωρήσῃ, τῑμωρήσει	τῑμωρήσεται	τῑμωρήσεσθον	τῑμωρήσεσθον	τῑμωρησόμεθᾰ	τῑμωρήσεσθε	τῑμωρήσονται
middle	optative	τῑμωρησοίμην	τῑμωρήσοιο	τῑμωρήσοιτο	τῑμωρήσοισθον	τῑμωρησοίσθην	τῑμωρησοίμεθᾰ	τῑμωρήσοισθε	τῑμωρήσοιντο
passive	indicative	τῑμωρηθήσομαι	τῑμωρηθήσῃ	τῑμωρηθήσεται	τῑμωρηθήσεσθον	τῑμωρηθήσεσθον	τῑμωρηθησόμεθᾰ	τῑμωρηθήσεσθε	τῑμωρηθήσονται
passive	optative	τῑμωρηθησοίμην	τῑμωρηθήσοιο	τῑμωρηθήσοιτο	τῑμωρηθήσοισθον	τῑμωρηθησοίσθην	τῑμωρηθησοίμεθᾰ	τῑμωρηθήσοισθε	τῑμωρηθήσοιντο
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		τῑμωρήσειν			τῑμωρήσεσθαι		τῑμωρηθήσεσθαι
participle	m	τῑμωρήσων			τῑμωρησόμενος		τῑμωρηθησόμενος
	f	τῑμωρήσουσᾰ			τῑμωρησομένη		τῑμωρηθησομένη
	n	τῑμωρῆσον			τῑμωρησόμενον		τῑμωρηθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: ἐτῑμώρησᾰ, ἐτῑμωρησᾰ́μην, ἐτῑμωρήθην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐτῑμώρησᾰ	ἐτῑμώρησᾰς	ἐτῑμώρησε(ν)	ἐτῑμωρήσᾰτον	ἐτῑμωρησᾰ́την	ἐτῑμωρήσᾰμεν	ἐτῑμωρήσᾰτε	ἐτῑμώρησᾰν
	subjunctive	τῑμωρήσω	τῑμωρήσῃς	τῑμωρήσῃ	τῑμωρήσητον	τῑμωρήσητον	τῑμωρήσωμεν	τῑμωρήσητε	τῑμωρήσωσῐ(ν)
	optative	τῑμωρήσαιμῐ	τῑμωρήσειᾰς, τῑμωρήσαις	τῑμωρήσειε(ν), τῑμωρήσαι	τῑμωρήσαιτον	τῑμωρησαίτην	τῑμωρήσαιμεν	τῑμωρήσαιτε	τῑμωρήσειᾰν, τῑμωρήσαιεν
	imperative		τῑμώρησον	τῑμωρησᾰ́τω	τῑμωρήσᾰτον	τῑμωρησᾰ́των		τῑμωρήσᾰτε	τῑμωρησᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἐτῑμωρησᾰ́μην	ἐτῑμωρήσω	ἐτῑμωρήσᾰτο	ἐτῑμωρήσᾰσθον	ἐτῑμωρησᾰ́σθην	ἐτῑμωρησᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἐτῑμωρήσᾰσθε	ἐτῑμωρήσᾰντο
	subjunctive	τῑμωρήσωμαι	τῑμωρήσῃ	τῑμωρήσηται	τῑμωρήσησθον	τῑμωρήσησθον	τῑμωρησώμεθᾰ	τῑμωρήσησθε	τῑμωρήσωνται
	optative	τῑμωρησαίμην	τῑμωρήσαιο	τῑμωρήσαιτο	τῑμωρήσαισθον	τῑμωρησαίσθην	τῑμωρησαίμεθᾰ	τῑμωρήσαισθε	τῑμωρήσαιντο
	imperative		τῑμώρησαι	τῑμωρησᾰ́σθω	τῑμωρήσᾰσθον	τῑμωρησᾰ́σθων		τῑμωρήσᾰσθε	τῑμωρησᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	ἐτῑμωρήθην	ἐτῑμωρήθης	ἐτῑμωρήθη	ἐτῑμωρήθητον	ἐτῑμωρηθήτην	ἐτῑμωρήθημεν	ἐτῑμωρήθητε	ἐτῑμωρήθησᾰν
	subjunctive	τῑμωρηθῶ	τῑμωρηθῇς	τῑμωρηθῇ	τῑμωρηθῆτον	τῑμωρηθῆτον	τῑμωρηθῶμεν	τῑμωρηθῆτε	τῑμωρηθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	τῑμωρηθείην	τῑμωρηθείης	τῑμωρηθείη	τῑμωρηθεῖτον, τῑμωρηθείητον	τῑμωρηθείτην, τῑμωρηθειήτην	τῑμωρηθεῖμεν, τῑμωρηθείημεν	τῑμωρηθεῖτε, τῑμωρηθείητε	τῑμωρηθεῖεν, τῑμωρηθείησᾰν
	imperative		τῑμωρήθητῐ	τῑμωρηθήτω	τῑμωρήθητον	τῑμωρηθήτων		τῑμωρήθητε	τῑμωρηθέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		τῑμωρῆσαι			τῑμωρήσᾰσθαι		τῑμωρηθῆναι
participle	m	τῑμωρήσᾱς			τῑμωρησᾰ́μενος		τῑμωρηθείς
	f	τῑμωρήσᾱσᾰ			τῑμωρησᾰμένη		τῑμωρηθεῖσᾰ
	n	τῑμωρῆσᾰν			τῑμωρησᾰ́μενον		τῑμωρηθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Perfect: τετῑμώρημαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	τετῑμώρημαι	τετῑμώρησαι	τετῑμώρηται	τετῑμώρησθον	τετῑμώρησθον	τετῑμωρήμεθᾰ	τετῑμώρησθε	τετῑμώρηνται
	subjunctive	τετῑμωρημένος ὦ	τετῑμωρημένος ᾖς	τετῑμωρημένος ᾖ	τετῑμωρημένω ἦτον	τετῑμωρημένω ἦτον	τετῑμωρημένοι ὦμεν	τετῑμωρημένοι ἦτε	τετῑμωρημένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	τετῑμωρημένος εἴην	τετῑμωρημένος εἴης	τετῑμωρημένος εἴη	τετῑμωρημένοι εἴητον/εἶτον	τετῑμωρημένω εἰήτην/εἴτην	τετῑμωρημένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν	τετῑμωρημένοι εἴητε/εἶτε	τετῑμωρημένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
	imperative		τετῑμώρησο	τετῑμωρήσθω	τετῑμώρησθον	τετῑμωρήσθων		τετῑμώρησθε	τετῑμωρήσθων
						middle/passive
infinitive						τετῑμωρῆσθαι
participle	m					τετῑμωρημένος
	f					τετῑμωρημένη
	n					τετῑμωρημένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Pluperfect: ἐτετῑμωρήμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐτετῑμωρήμην	ἐτετῑμώρησο	ἐτετῑμώρητο	ἐτετῑμώρησθον	ἐτετῑμωρήσθην	ἐτετῑμωρήμεθᾰ	ἐτετῑμώρησθε	ἐτετῑμώρηντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

τῑμωρία (tīmōría)

References

τιμωρέω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
τιμωρέω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
τιμωρέω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
G5097 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, ISBN 9789004174207

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