μηχανή

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

μᾱχᾰνᾱ́ (mākhanā́) – Doric

Etymology

Unknown. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *megʰ- (“to be able”), with cognates including Old Church Slavonic могѫ (mogǫ) and Old English magan, miht, mæġen (English may, might, main). See also Μάγος (Mágos).

Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /mɛː.kʰa.nɛ̌ː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /me.kʰaˈne/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /mi.xaˈni/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /mi.xaˈni/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /mi.xaˈni/

Noun

μηχᾰνή • (mēkhanḗ) f (genitive μηχᾰνῆς); first declension

(Attic, Ionic, Koine)

contrivance, machine, device, gear
way, means

Inflection

First declension of ἡ μηχᾰνή; τῆς μηχᾰνῆς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ μηχᾰνή hē mēkhanḗ	τὼ μηχᾰνᾱ́ tṑ mēkhanā́	αἱ μηχᾰναί hai mēkhanaí
Genitive	τῆς μηχᾰνῆς tês mēkhanês	τοῖν μηχᾰναῖν toîn mēkhanaîn	τῶν μηχᾰνῶν tôn mēkhanôn
Dative	τῇ μηχᾰνῇ têi mēkhanêi	τοῖν μηχᾰναῖν toîn mēkhanaîn	ταῖς μηχᾰναῖς taîs mēkhanaîs
Accusative	τὴν μηχᾰνήν tḕn mēkhanḗn	τὼ μηχᾰνᾱ́ tṑ mēkhanā́	τᾱ̀ς μηχᾰνᾱ́ς tā̀s mēkhanā́s
Vocative	μηχᾰνή mēkhanḗ	μηχᾰνᾱ́ mēkhanā́	μηχᾰναί mēkhanaí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

μηχᾰνάομαι (mēkhanáomai)
μηχᾰνεύς (mēkhaneús)
μηχᾰ́νημᾰ (mēkhánēma)
μηχᾰ́νησῐς (mēkhánēsis)
μηχᾰνῐκός (mēkhanikós)
μηχᾰ́νωμᾰ (mēkhánōma)

Related terms

μῆχος (mêkhos)

Descendants

from Doric μᾱχᾰνᾱ́ (mākhanā́) → Latin: māchina (see there for further descendants)
→ Old Armenian: մեքենայ (mekʿenay)
→ Classical Syriac: ܡܐܟܢܐ‎
→ Coptic: ⲙⲏⲭⲁⲛⲏ (mēkhanē)

References

μηχανή in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
μηχανή in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
μηχανή in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- apparatus idem, page 34.
- appliance idem, page 35.
- artifice idem, page 42.
- artillery idem, page 42.
- battering-ram idem, page 65.
- contrivance idem, page 170.
- device idem, page 220.
- engine idem, page 274.
- expedient idem, page 293.
- invention idem, page 456.
- machine idem, page 506.
- ram idem, page 670.
- resource idem, page 703.
- scheme idem, page 739.
- weapon idem, page 970.
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek μηχᾰνή (mēkhanḗ).

Noun

μηχανή • (michaní) f (plural μηχανές)

machine, engine
locomotive, the power unit of a train which does not carry passengers or freight itself
(colloquial) motorcycle, motorbike
(figuratively) a way to deceive people

Declension

declension of μηχανή

	singular	plural
nominative	μηχανή •	μηχανές •
genitive	μηχανής •	μηχανών •
accusative	μηχανή •	μηχανές •
vocative	μηχανή •	μηχανές •

Synonyms

(machine): μηχάνημα n (michánima)
(motorcycle): μοτοσυκλέτα f (motosykléta)

Derived terms

ΑΤΜ f (ATM, “ATM”)
αυτόματη ταμειακή μηχανή f (aftómati tameiakí michaní, “automatic cash machine”)
αυτόματη ταμειολογιστική μηχανή f (aftómati tameiologistikí michaní, “automatic cash machine”)
βιομηχανία (viomichanía, “industry”)
βιομήχανος (viomíchanos, “industrialist”)
μηχανάκι (michanáki, “diminutive form”)
μηχανή αναζήτησης f (michaní anazítisis, “search engine”)
μηχανή εσωτερικής καύσης f (michaní esoterikís káfsis, “internal combustion engine”)
μηχανικός (michanikós, “engineer”)
μηχανισμός (michanismós, “mechanism”)
μηχανολόγος (michanológos, “engineer”)
παιχνιδομηχανή f (paichnidomichaní, “video game console”)
αμηχανία (amichanía)
αμήχανος (amíchanos)
μηχανέλαιο (michanélaio)
μηχανεύομαι (michanévomai)
Μηχανικό (Michanikó)
μηχανόβιος (michanóvios)
μηχανογράφηση (michanográfisi)
μηχανογραφώ (michanografó)
μηχανοδηγός (michanodigós)
μηχανοδηγός (michanodigós)
μηχανοκατασκευή (michanokataskeví)
μηχανοκίνητος (michanokínitos)
μηχανοκρατία (michanokratía)
μηχανοκρατούμαι (michanokratoúmai)
μηχανόλαδο (michanólado)
μηχανολογία (michanología)
μηχανοποίητος (michanopoíitos)
μηχανορραφία (michanorrafía)
μηχανορραφία (michanorrafía)
μηχανορράφος (michanorráfos)
μηχανορραφώ (michanorrafó)
μηχανοστάσιο (michanostásio)
μηχανότρατα (michanótrata)
μηχανουργείο (michanourgeío)
μηχανουργικός (michanourgikós)
μηχανουργός (michanourgós)

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