διδάσκω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Causative reduplication of ἐδάην (edáēn, “learned, taught”, aorist; not attested in the present) with inchoative suffix -σκω (-skō), from Proto-Hellenic *di-dəs-skō. Compare Sanskrit दिदेष्टि (dideṣṭi), दीक्षयति (dīkṣayati, “initiate, teach, prepare, make ready”).

Pronunciation
 

Verb

διδάσκω • (didáskō)

  1. I teach, instruct, train
    Synonym: παιδεύω (paideúō)

Inflection
   Present: δῐδᾰ́σκω, δῐδᾰ́σκομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative δῐδᾰ́σκω δῐδᾰ́σκεις δῐδᾰ́σκει δῐδᾰ́σκετον δῐδᾰ́σκετον δῐδᾰ́σκομεν δῐδᾰ́σκετε δῐδᾰ́σκουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive δῐδᾰ́σκω δῐδᾰ́σκῃς δῐδᾰ́σκῃ δῐδᾰ́σκητον δῐδᾰ́σκητον δῐδᾰ́σκωμεν δῐδᾰ́σκητε δῐδᾰ́σκωσῐ(ν)
optative δῐδᾰ́σκοιμῐ δῐδᾰ́σκοις δῐδᾰ́σκοι δῐδᾰ́σκοιτον δῐδᾰσκοίτην δῐδᾰ́σκοιμεν δῐδᾰ́σκοιτε δῐδᾰ́σκοιεν
imperative   δῐ́δᾰσκε δῐδᾰσκέτω δῐδᾰ́σκετον δῐδᾰσκέτων   δῐδᾰ́σκετε δῐδᾰσκόντων
middle/
passive		 indicative δῐδᾰ́σκομαι δῐδᾰ́σκῃ,
δῐδᾰ́σκει		 δῐδᾰ́σκεται δῐδᾰ́σκεσθον δῐδᾰ́σκεσθον δῐδᾰσκόμεθᾰ δῐδᾰ́σκεσθε δῐδᾰ́σκονται
subjunctive δῐδᾰ́σκωμαι δῐδᾰ́σκῃ δῐδᾰ́σκηται δῐδᾰ́σκησθον δῐδᾰ́σκησθον δῐδᾰσκώμεθᾰ δῐδᾰ́σκησθε δῐδᾰ́σκωνται
optative δῐδᾰσκοίμην δῐδᾰ́σκοιο δῐδᾰ́σκοιτο δῐδᾰ́σκοισθον δῐδᾰσκοίσθην δῐδᾰσκοίμεθᾰ δῐδᾰ́σκοισθε δῐδᾰ́σκοιντο
imperative   δῐδᾰ́σκου δῐδᾰσκέσθω δῐδᾰ́σκεσθον δῐδᾰσκέσθων   δῐδᾰ́σκεσθε δῐδᾰσκέσθων
active middle/passive
infinitive δῐδᾰ́σκειν δῐδᾰ́σκεσθαι
participle m δῐδᾰ́σκων δῐδᾰσκόμενος
f δῐδᾰ́σκουσᾰ δῐδᾰσκομένη
n δῐδᾰ́σκον δῐδᾰσκόμενον
Notes: This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ἐδῐ́δᾰσκον, ἐδῐδᾰσκόμην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐδῐ́δᾰσκον ἐδῐ́δᾰσκες ἐδῐ́δᾰσκε(ν) ἐδῐδᾰ́σκετον ἐδῐδᾰσκέτην ἐδῐδᾰ́σκομεν ἐδῐδᾰ́σκετε ἐδῐ́δᾰσκον
middle/
passive		 indicative ἐδῐδᾰσκόμην ἐδῐδᾰ́σκου ἐδῐδᾰ́σκετο ἐδῐδᾰ́σκεσθον ἐδῐδᾰσκέσθην ἐδῐδᾰσκόμεθᾰ ἐδῐδᾰ́σκεσθε ἐδῐδᾰ́σκοντο
Notes: This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: δῐδᾰ́ξω, δῐδᾰ́ξομαι, δῐδᾰχθήσομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative δῐδᾰ́ξω δῐδᾰ́ξεις δῐδᾰ́ξει δῐδᾰ́ξετον δῐδᾰ́ξετον δῐδᾰ́ξομεν δῐδᾰ́ξετε δῐδᾰ́ξουσῐ(ν)
optative δῐδᾰ́ξοιμῐ δῐδᾰ́ξοις δῐδᾰ́ξοι δῐδᾰ́ξοιτον δῐδᾰξοίτην δῐδᾰ́ξοιμεν δῐδᾰ́ξοιτε δῐδᾰ́ξοιεν
middle indicative δῐδᾰ́ξομαι δῐδᾰ́ξῃ,
δῐδᾰ́ξει		 δῐδᾰ́ξεται δῐδᾰ́ξεσθον δῐδᾰ́ξεσθον δῐδᾰξόμεθᾰ δῐδᾰ́ξεσθε δῐδᾰ́ξονται
optative δῐδᾰξοίμην δῐδᾰ́ξοιο δῐδᾰ́ξοιτο δῐδᾰ́ξοισθον δῐδᾰξοίσθην δῐδᾰξοίμεθᾰ δῐδᾰ́ξοισθε δῐδᾰ́ξοιντο
passive indicative δῐδᾰχθήσομαι δῐδᾰχθήσῃ δῐδᾰχθήσεται δῐδᾰχθήσεσθον δῐδᾰχθήσεσθον δῐδᾰχθησόμεθᾰ δῐδᾰχθήσεσθε δῐδᾰχθήσονται
optative δῐδᾰχθησοίμην δῐδᾰχθήσοιο δῐδᾰχθήσοιτο δῐδᾰχθήσοισθον δῐδᾰχθησοίσθην δῐδᾰχθησοίμεθᾰ δῐδᾰχθήσοισθε δῐδᾰχθήσοιντο
active middle passive
infinitive δῐδᾰ́ξειν δῐδᾰ́ξεσθαι δῐδᾰχθήσεσθαι
participle m δῐδᾰ́ξων δῐδᾰξόμενος δῐδᾰχθησόμενος
f δῐδᾰ́ξουσᾰ δῐδᾰξομένη δῐδᾰχθησομένη
n δῐδᾰ́ξον δῐδᾰξόμενον δῐδᾰχθησόμενον
Notes: This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἐδῐ́δᾰξᾰ, ἐδῐδᾰξᾰ́μην, ἐδῐδᾰ́χθην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐδῐ́δᾰξᾰ ἐδῐ́δᾰξᾰς ἐδῐ́δᾰξε(ν) ἐδῐδᾰ́ξᾰτον ἐδῐδᾰξᾰ́την ἐδῐδᾰ́ξᾰμεν ἐδῐδᾰ́ξᾰτε ἐδῐ́δᾰξᾰν
subjunctive δῐδᾰ́ξω δῐδᾰ́ξῃς δῐδᾰ́ξῃ δῐδᾰ́ξητον δῐδᾰ́ξητον δῐδᾰ́ξωμεν δῐδᾰ́ξητε δῐδᾰ́ξωσῐ(ν)
optative δῐδᾰ́ξαιμῐ δῐδᾰ́ξειᾰς,
δῐδᾰ́ξαις		 δῐδᾰ́ξειε(ν),
δῐδᾰ́ξαι		 δῐδᾰ́ξαιτον δῐδᾰξαίτην δῐδᾰ́ξαιμεν δῐδᾰ́ξαιτε δῐδᾰ́ξειᾰν,
δῐδᾰ́ξαιεν
imperative   δῐ́δᾰξον δῐδᾰξᾰ́τω δῐδᾰ́ξᾰτον δῐδᾰξᾰ́των   δῐδᾰ́ξᾰτε δῐδᾰξᾰ́ντων
middle indicative ἐδῐδᾰξᾰ́μην ἐδῐδᾰ́ξω ἐδῐδᾰ́ξᾰτο ἐδῐδᾰ́ξᾰσθον ἐδῐδᾰξᾰ́σθην ἐδῐδᾰξᾰ́μεθᾰ ἐδῐδᾰ́ξᾰσθε ἐδῐδᾰ́ξᾰντο
subjunctive δῐδᾰ́ξωμαι δῐδᾰ́ξῃ δῐδᾰ́ξηται δῐδᾰ́ξησθον δῐδᾰ́ξησθον δῐδᾰξώμεθᾰ δῐδᾰ́ξησθε δῐδᾰ́ξωνται
optative δῐδᾰξαίμην δῐδᾰ́ξαιο δῐδᾰ́ξαιτο δῐδᾰ́ξαισθον δῐδᾰξαίσθην δῐδᾰξαίμεθᾰ δῐδᾰ́ξαισθε δῐδᾰ́ξαιντο
imperative   δῐ́δᾰξαι δῐδᾰξᾰ́σθω δῐδᾰ́ξᾰσθον δῐδᾰξᾰ́σθων   δῐδᾰ́ξᾰσθε δῐδᾰξᾰ́σθων
passive indicative ἐδῐδᾰ́χθην ἐδῐδᾰ́χθης ἐδῐδᾰ́χθη ἐδῐδᾰ́χθητον ἐδῐδᾰχθήτην ἐδῐδᾰ́χθημεν ἐδῐδᾰ́χθητε ἐδῐδᾰ́χθησᾰν
subjunctive δῐδᾰχθῶ δῐδᾰχθῇς δῐδᾰχθῇ δῐδᾰχθῆτον δῐδᾰχθῆτον δῐδᾰχθῶμεν δῐδᾰχθῆτε δῐδᾰχθῶσῐ(ν)
optative δῐδᾰχθείην δῐδᾰχθείης δῐδᾰχθείη δῐδᾰχθεῖτον,
δῐδᾰχθείητον		 δῐδᾰχθείτην,
δῐδᾰχθειήτην		 δῐδᾰχθεῖμεν,
δῐδᾰχθείημεν		 δῐδᾰχθεῖτε,
δῐδᾰχθείητε		 δῐδᾰχθεῖεν,
δῐδᾰχθείησᾰν
imperative   δῐδᾰ́χθητῐ δῐδᾰχθήτω δῐδᾰ́χθητον δῐδᾰχθήτων   δῐδᾰ́χθητε δῐδᾰχθέντων
active middle passive
infinitive δῐδᾰ́ξαι δῐδᾰ́ξᾰσθαι δῐδᾰχθῆναι
participle m δῐδᾰ́ξᾱς δῐδᾰξᾰ́μενος δῐδᾰχθείς
f δῐδᾰ́ξᾱσᾰ δῐδᾰξᾰμένη δῐδᾰχθεῖσᾰ
n δῐδᾰ́ξᾰν δῐδᾰξᾰ́μενον δῐδᾰχθέν
Notes: This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Perfect: δεδῐ́δᾰχᾰ, δεδῐ́δᾰγμαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative δεδῐ́δᾰχᾰ δεδῐ́δᾰχᾰς δεδῐ́δᾰχε(ν) δεδῐδᾰ́χᾰτον δεδῐδᾰ́χᾰτον δεδῐδᾰ́χᾰμεν δεδῐδᾰ́χᾰτε δεδῐδᾰ́χᾱσῐ(ν)
subjunctive δεδῐδᾰ́χω δεδῐδᾰ́χῃς δεδῐδᾰ́χῃ δεδῐδᾰ́χητον δεδῐδᾰ́χητον δεδῐδᾰ́χωμεν δεδῐδᾰ́χητε δεδῐδᾰ́χωσῐ(ν)
optative δεδῐδᾰ́χοιμῐ,
δεδῐδᾰχοίην		 δεδῐδᾰ́χοις,
δεδῐδᾰχοίης		 δεδῐδᾰ́χοι,
δεδῐδᾰχοίη		 δεδῐδᾰ́χοιτον δεδῐδᾰχοίτην δεδῐδᾰ́χοιμεν δεδῐδᾰ́χοιτε δεδῐδᾰ́χοιεν
imperative   δεδῐ́δᾰχε δεδῐδᾰχέτω δεδῐδᾰ́χετον δεδῐδᾰχέτων   δεδῐδᾰ́χετε δεδῐδᾰχόντων
middle/
passive		 indicative δεδῐ́δᾰγμαι δεδῐ́δᾰξαι δεδῐ́δᾰκται δεδῐ́δᾰχθον δεδῐ́δᾰχθον δεδῐδᾰ́γμεθᾰ δεδῐ́δᾰχθε δεδῐδᾰ́χᾰται
subjunctive δεδῐδᾰγμένος ὦ δεδῐδᾰγμένος ᾖς δεδῐδᾰγμένος ᾖ δεδῐδᾰγμένω ἦτον δεδῐδᾰγμένω ἦτον δεδῐδᾰγμένοι ὦμεν δεδῐδᾰγμένοι ἦτε δεδῐδᾰγμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
optative δεδῐδᾰγμένος εἴην δεδῐδᾰγμένος εἴης δεδῐδᾰγμένος εἴη δεδῐδᾰγμένοι εἴητον/εἶτον δεδῐδᾰγμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην δεδῐδᾰγμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν δεδῐδᾰγμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε δεδῐδᾰγμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
imperative   δεδῐ́δᾰξο δεδῐδᾰ́χθω δεδῐ́δᾰχθον δεδῐδᾰ́χθων   δεδῐ́δᾰχθε δεδῐδᾰ́χθων
active middle/passive
infinitive δεδῐδᾰχέναι δεδῐδᾰ́χθαι
participle m δεδῐδᾰχώς δεδῐδᾰγμένος
f δεδῐδᾰχυῖᾰ δεδῐδᾰγμένη
n δεδῐδᾰχός δεδῐδᾰγμένον
Notes: This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Pluperfect: ἐδεδῐδᾰ́χειν, ἐδεδῐδᾰ́γμην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐδεδῐδᾰ́χειν,
ἐδεδῐδᾰ́χη		 ἐδεδῐδᾰ́χεις,
ἐδεδῐδᾰ́χης		 ἐδεδῐδᾰ́χει(ν) ἐδεδῐδᾰ́χετον ἐδεδῐδᾰχέτην ἐδεδῐδᾰ́χεμεν ἐδεδῐδᾰ́χετε ἐδεδῐδᾰ́χεσᾰν
middle/
passive		 indicative ἐδεδῐδᾰ́γμην ἐδεδῐ́δᾰξο ἐδεδῐ́δᾰκτο ἐδεδῐ́δᾰχθον ἐδεδῐδᾰ́χθην ἐδεδῐδᾰ́γμεθᾰ ἐδεδῐ́δᾰχθε ἐδεδῐδᾰ́χᾰτο
Notes: This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Further reading

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ðiˈðas.ko/
  • Hyphenation: δι‧δά‧σκω

Verb

διδάσκω • (didásko) (simple past δίδαξα, passive διδάσκομαι)

  1. (education) teach

Conjugation
διδάσκω   διδάσκομαι
Active voice ➤ Passive voice ➤
Indicative mood ➤ Imperfective aspect ➤ Perfective aspect ➤ Imperfective aspect Perfective aspect
Non-past tenses ➤ Present ➤ Dependent ➤ Present Dependent
1 sg διδάσκω διδάξω διδάσκομαι διδαχτώ
2 sg διδάσκεις διδάξεις διδάσκεσαι διδαχτείς
3 sg διδάσκει διδάξει διδάσκεται διδαχτεί
1 pl διδάσκουμε, [‑ομε] διδάξουμε, [‑ομε] διδασκόμαστε διδαχτούμε
2 pl διδάσκετε διδάξετε διδάσκεστε, διδασκόσαστε διδαχτείτε
3 pl διδάσκουν(ε) διδάξουν(ε) διδάσκονται διδαχτούν(ε)
Past tenses ➤ Imperfect ➤ Simple past ➤ Imperfect Simple past
1 sg δίδασκα δίδαξα διδασκόμουν(α) διδάχτηκα
2 sg δίδασκες δίδαξες διδασκόσουν(α) διδάχτηκες
3 sg δίδασκε δίδαξε διδασκόταν(ε) διδάχτηκε
1 pl διδάσκαμε διδάξαμε διδασκόμασταν, (‑όμαστε) διδαχτήκαμε
2 pl διδάσκατε διδάξατε διδασκόσασταν, (‑όσαστε) διδαχτήκατε
3 pl δίδασκαν, διδάσκαν(ε) δίδαξαν, διδάξαν(ε) διδάσκονταν, (διδασκόντουσαν) διδάχτηκαν, διδαχτήκαν(ε)
Future tenses ➤ Continuous ➤ Simple ➤ Continuous Simple
1 sg θα διδάσκω ➤ θα διδάξω ➤ θα διδάσκομαι ➤ θα διδαχτώ ➤
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl θα διδάσκεις, … θα διδάξεις, … θα διδάσκεσαι, … θα διδαχτείς, …
Perfect aspect ➤ Perfect aspect
Present perfect ➤   έχω, έχεις, … διδάξει
  έχω, έχεις, … διδαγμένο, ‑η, ‑ο ➤		   έχω, έχεις, … διδαχτεί
  είμαι, είσαι, … διδαγμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤
Past perfect ➤   είχα, είχες, … διδάξει
  είχα, είχες, … διδαγμένο, ‑η, ‑ο		   είχα, είχες, … διδαχτεί
  ήμουν, ήσουν, … διδαγμένος, ‑η, ‑ο
Future perfect ➤   θα έχω, θα έχεις, … διδάξει
  θα έχω, θα έχεις, … διδαγμένο, ‑η, ‑ο		   θα έχω, θα έχεις, … διδαχτεί
  θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … διδαγμένος, ‑η, ‑ο
Subjunctive mood ➤ Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας, όταν, …).
Imperative mood ➤ Imperfective aspect Perfective aspect Imperfective aspect Perfective aspect
2 sg δίδασκε δίδαξε — διδάξου
2 pl διδάσκετε διδάξτε διδάσκεστε διδαχτείτε
Other forms Active voice Passive voice
Present participle➤ διδάσκοντας ➤ —
Perfect participle➤ έχοντας διδάξει ➤ διδαγμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤
Nonfinite form➤ διδάξει διδαχτεί
Notes    • (…) optional or informal.   […] rare.   {…} learned, archaic.
 • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency.
 • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive.
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