γάιδαρος

Greek

Alternative forms

More than 40 dialectal/regional variations of root γ-δ-ρ found.

  • γάδαρος m (gádaros) (dialectal modern, also Hellenistic and Medieval)
  • γαΐδαρος m (gaḯdaros) (dated, also Medieval)
  • γαϊδούρι n (gaïdoúri) (frequent variant)
  • Also, see Synonyms for more dialectal words

Etymology

From Hellenistic Koine Greek γάδαρος (gádaros) of 2nd century CE[1]. Medieval γάιδαρος/γάδαρος/γαΐδαρος[2] or γαϊδάριον[3]
Origin theories:

  • Uncertain, obscure: from Arabic غَيْذَار‎ (ḡayḏār) with proposed meaning “harshnerss, oppression”.[4]
  • Or from Hindi ghádar, gadarō or gadaró meaning “gypsy”.[5]
  • Not from γαϊδούρι < (καρ)γαδούρι from cargatore (literally “carrier”) from cargar (“to load onto oneself”)[6]
  • Not from the Ancient Greek γάδος (gádos, “cod”), common name: γαϊδουρόψαρο (gaïdourópsaro).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɣai.ða.ɾos/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: γάι‧δα‧ρος

Noun

γάιδαρος • (gáidaros) m (plural γάιδαροι, feminine γαϊδούρα or γαϊδάρα)

  1. donkey, ass, Equus asinus
  2. (colloquial, derogatory, figuratively) lout, boor, ass, jackass, pig, jerk (an uncultred, ill-bred man)
    Τι γάιδαρος ήταν ο αδελφός της, που δεν μας είπε ούτε ένα «γεια»!
    Ti gáidaros ítan o adelfós tis, pou den mas eípe oúte éna «geia»!
    What a boor her brother was, he didn't even say "hi" to us!

Declension
declension of γάιδαρος
singular plural
nominative γάιδαρος • γάιδαροι •
genitive γαϊδάρου • γαϊδάρων •
accusative γάιδαρο • γαϊδάρους •
vocative γάιδαρε • γάιδαροι •

Synonyms
  • ἀείδαρος m (ἀeídaros) (Medieval, by false etymology)[7]
  • όνος m (ónos) (formal, archaic)
  • dialectal/regional:
    • γομάρι n (gomári) colloquial, regional, from Ancient Greek γόμος (gómos) (14 variations) (see also حِمَار‎ (ḥimār))
    • γάνταρος (15 variations), γάζος (7 variations), γκάφαλος, γκανέτσος
    • γάρος (in Cyprus)
    • with root βαστ- from βαστώ (vastó, “I hold, carry”): βασταγός 9 variations at the Peloponnese
    • ασίνο from Latin asinus
    • μερκέπι from Turkish merkep
    • φορτύκι: φορτ- root from φέρω (I bear, carry), 4 variations in Corfu island.
  • (jocular) κυρ-Μέντιος from Μενδαῖος ὄνος, of the city Μένδη (Méndē)
  • see also Alternatives

Derived terms
From γαϊδαρ-
From γαϊδουρ-
  • γαϊδούρα f (gaïdoúra)
  • γαϊδουράγκαθο n (gaïdourágkatho, “Scotch thistle”)
  • γαϊδουράκι n (gaïdouráki, diminutive)
  • γαϊδουράκος m (gaïdourákos, diminutive)
  • γαϊδουριά f (gaïdouriá, “rudeness, discourtesy”)
  • γαϊδουρινός (gaïdourinós, “loutish”)
  • γαϊδουρίσιος (gaïdourísios, adjective)
  • γαϊδουρόβηχας m (gaïdouróvichas, “extreme coughing”)
  • γαϊδουρογάιδαρος m (gaïdourogáidaros, superlative sense)
  • γαϊδουρογυρεύω (gaïdourogyrévo, “to donkey-search”, literally “search in vain”) (in proverbs)
  • γαϊδουροδένω (gaïdourodéno, “to tie a donkey”) (in proverbs)
  • γαϊδουροκαβαλαρία f (gaïdourokavalaría, “donkey cavalry”)
  • γαϊδουροκαλόκαιρο n (gaïdourokalókairo, “at the summer's hottest”)
  • γαϊδουρολάτης m (gaïdourolátis, “donkey guide”)
  • γαϊδουρομούλαρο n (gaïdouromoúlaro, “mule with donkey mother, horse father”)
  • γαϊδουροτόμαρο n (gaïdourotómaro, “donkey skin”)
  • γαϊδουρότριχα f (gaïdourótricha, “hair of donkey”)
  • γαϊδουροφωνάρα f (gaïdourofonára, “extremely loud voice”)
  • γαϊδουρόψαρο n (gaïdourópsaro, “cod”) (colloquial)

Expressions with both γάιδαρος or γαϊδούρι

Expressions with γάιδαρος

Derived terms
  • γάιδαρος με περικεφαλαία (gáidaros me perikefalaía)
  • δένω τον γάιδαρό μου (déno ton gáidaró mou, “to consolidate one's position”) (literally: "to tie one's donkey")
  • κατά φωνή κι ο γάιδαρος (katá foní ki o gáidaros, “talk of the devil”) (literally: "by voice, here's the donkey")
  • σκάω γάιδαρο (skáo gáidaro, “to try someone's patience, to drive someone mad”) (literally: "to burst a donkey")

Expressions with γαϊδουρ-

Derived terms
  • γαϊδουρινή υπομονή (ypomoní)
  • κάλλιο γαϊδουρόδενε παρά γαϊδουρογύρευε (kállio gaïdouródene pará gaïdourogýreve, “a stitch in time saves nine”) (literally: "better to tie your donkey up than to be looking for it")
  • Κυπραίικο γαϊδούρι n (Kypraíiko gaïdoúri)
  • μακριά γαϊδούρα f (makriá gaïdoúra)
  • πετάει ο γάιδαρος; (petáei o gáidaros?)

Proverbs with γάιδαρος

Derived terms
  • δυο γάιδαροι μαλώνανε σε ξένον αχυρώνα (dyo gáidaroi malónane se xénon achyróna) (about people who quarrel over things they do not own) (literally: "two donkeys were fighting in a stranger's barn")
  • είπε ο γάιδαρος τον πετεινό κεφάλα (eípe o gáidaros ton peteinó kefála, “the pot calling the kettle black”) (literally: "the donkey called the rooster big-headed")
  • ήταν στραβό το κλήμα, τό 'φαγε κι ο γάιδαρος (ítan stravó to klíma, tó 'fage ki o gáidaros, “the final nail in the coffin”) (literally: "the vine was crooked, then the donkey ate it")
  • κάποιου του χαρίζανε γάιδαρο κι αυτός τον κοίταζε στα δόντια (kápoiou tou charízane gáidaro ki aftós ton koítaze sta dóntia, “Don't look a gift horse in the mouth”) (about nitpickers) (literally: "they were gifting someone a donkey and he/she was looking at its teeth")
  • μαντζουράνα στο κατώφλι, γάιδαρος στα κεραμίδια (mantzourána sto katófli, gáidaros sta keramídia) (about illogical things) (literally: "marjoram on the doorstep and donkey on the roof tiles")
  • (σιγά) μη στάξει η ουρά του γαϊδάρου (mi stáxei i ourá tou gaïdárou) (about people who pay attention to lesser details when there are more important things to care about) (literally: "don't make water drip off the donkey's tail")
  • παλιός γάιδαρος καινούρια περπατησιά δε μαθαίνει (paliós gáidaros kainoúria perpatisiá de mathaínei, “you can't teach an old dog new tricks”) (literally: "an old donkey doesn't learn a new way of walking")
  • φάγαμε τον γάιδαρο, στην ουρά θα σταματήσουμε; (fágame ton gáidaro, stin ourá tha stamatísoume?) (about situations in which the better part of the evil has been done and stopping would be illogical) (literally: "we've eaten the donkey, are we going to stop at the tail?")

References
  1. γάδαρος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2018)
  2. γάιδαρος in Kriaras, Emmanuel. (n.d.) Επιτομή του Λεξικού της Μεσαιωνικής Ελληνικής Δημώδους Γραμματείας [Concise Dictionary of Medieval Vulgar Greek Literature (1100‑1669) Vols. I‑XIV.] (in Greek), Online edition
  3. γαϊδάριον is found:
    * at Liddell-Scott and DGE at LOGEION.
    * It is mentioned at many dictionaries of Modern Greek (Institute Triantafyllidis, Babiniotis).
  4. Arabic origin from ga(i)dar, mentioned in:
    *γάιδαρος in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.
    * Babiniotis, Georgios (2002) Λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας [Modern Greek Dictionary] (in Greek), 2nd edition, Athens: Lexicology Centre
    * Liddell-Scott at LOGEION
  5. Hindi origin meaning “gypsy” mentioned at γάιδαρος in Kriaras, Emmanuel. (n.d.) Επιτομή του Λεξικού της Μεσαιωνικής Ελληνικής Δημώδους Γραμματείας [Concise Dictionary of Medieval Vulgar Greek Literature (1100‑1669) Vols. I‑XIV.] (in Greek), Online edition.
    His source: Karapatosoglou, Kostas (1984)Κυπριακά έτυμα [Cypriot etyma]
  6. γάιδαρος at en.academic.com retr:2018.08.03.
  7. αείδαρος in Kriaras, Emmanuel. (n.d.) Επιτομή του Λεξικού της Μεσαιωνικής Ελληνικής Δημώδους Γραμματείας [Concise Dictionary of Medieval Vulgar Greek Literature (1100‑1669) Vols. I‑XIV.] (in Greek), Online edition

Further reading
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.