orthography

English

Etymology

From Anglo-Norman ortografie, Middle French orthographie, and their source, Latin orthographia, from Hellenistic Ancient Greek ὀρθογραφία (orthographía), from ὀρθός (orthós, “correct”) and γράφω (gráphō, “write”).

Pronunciation

(UK) IPA^(key): /ɔːˈθɒɡ.ɹə.fi/
(US) enPR: ôrthäʹgrəfē, IPA^(key): /ɔɹˈθɑɡ.ɹə.fi/
Audio (US) (file)
Hyphenation: or‧thog‧ra‧phy

Noun

orthography (countable and uncountable, plural orthographies)

The study of correct spelling according to established usage.
The aspect of language study concerned with letters and their sequences in words.
Synonym of spelling: the specific method of representing a language or the sounds of language by written symbols.
(architecture) Orthographic projection; especially its use to draw an elevation, vertical projection etc. of a building.

Quotations

For quotations of use of this term, see Citations:orthography.

Synonyms

(study of representing sound in writing): orthoepy (inexact)

Coordinate terms

(study of representing sound in writing): orthoepy

Derived terms

Translations

study of correct spelling

Albanian: ortografi (sq) f
Arabic: عِلْم اَلْإِمْلَاء‎ m (ʿilm al-ʾimlāʾ), هِجَاء‎ m (hijāʾ), تَهْجِئَة‎ f (tahjiʾa), إِمْلَاء‎ m (ʾimlāʾ)
Armenian: ուղղագրություն (hy) (ułłagrutʿyun)
Azerbaijani: orfoqrafiya (az), imla
Belarusian: пра́вапіс m (právapis), арфагра́фія f (arfahráfija)
Bulgarian: правопи́с (bg) m (pravopís), ортогра́фия (bg) f (ortográfija)
Burmese: စာလုံးပေါင်းသတ်ပုံ (my) (calum:paung:satpum)
Catalan: ortografia (ca) f
Cebuano: ortograpiya
Chinese:
Mandarin: 正字法 (zh) (zhèngzìfǎ), 拼字 (zh) (pīnzì), 拼寫法 (zh), 拼写法 (zh) (pīnxiěfǎ), 正詞法, 正词法 (zhèngcífǎ), 拼寫 (zh), 拼写 (zh) (pīnxiě), 寫法 (zh), 写法 (zh) (xiěfǎ)
Czech: pravopis m
Danish: ortografi c, retskrivning c
Dutch: spelling (nl) f
Estonian: ortograafia
Faroese: rættskriving f
Finnish: ortografia (fi), oikeinkirjoitusoppi
French: orthographe (fr) f
Galician: ortografía (gl) f
Georgian: მართლწერა (martlc̣era), ორთოგრაფია (ka) (ortograpia)
German: Orthografie (de) f, Rechtschreibung (de) f
Greek: ορθογραφία (el) f (orthografía)
Hebrew: אוֹרתוֹגְרָפִיָה‎
Hindi: इमला (hi) (imlā)
Hungarian: helyesírás (hu)
Icelandic: réttritun (is) f
Indonesian: ortografi (id)
Irish: ortagrafaíocht f
Japanese: 正字法 (せいじほう, seijihō), 綴り (つづり, tsuzuri), 文字綴り (moji-tsuzuri), 正書法 (ja) (せいしよほう, seishohō), オーソグラフィー (ōsogurafī), スペリング (superingu), スペル (superu), 綴り字 (つづりじ, tsudzuriji)
Kazakh: орфография (orfografïya), емле (emle)
Khmer: អក្ខរាវិរុទ្ធ (ʾakkhaʾraavirut)
Korean: 맞춤법 (ko) (matchumbeop), 철자법 (ko) (cheoljabeop)
Kurdish:
Kurmanji: imla (ku), vekît (ku)
Kyrgyz: орфография (orfografiya)

Lao: ອັກຂະລະວິທີ (’ak kha la wi thī)
Latvian: ortogrāfija f, pareizrakstība f
Lithuanian: ortografija f
Macedonian: правопис m (pravopis), ортографија f (ortografija)
Malay: ejaan, ortografi, eja
Mongolian: зөв бичих зүй (zöv bičih züj)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: ortografi (no) m, rettskriving (no) m or f, rettskrivning m or f

Nynorsk: ortografi m, rettskriving f
Pashto: املا‎ (ps) f (emlã), ليکدود‎ m (likdód)
Persian: املا‎ (fa) (emlâ)
Polish: ortografia (pl) f, pisownia (pl) f
Portuguese: ortografia (pt) f
Romanian: ortografie (ro) f
Russian: орфогра́фия (ru) f (orfográfija), правописа́ние (ru) n (pravopisánije), спе́ллинг m (spɛ́lling) (of English)
Scottish Gaelic: litreachadh m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: пра̏вопӣс m, ортогра̀фија f

Roman: prȁvopīs (sh) m, ortogràfija (sh) f
Slovak: pravopis m
Slovene: pravopís (sl)
Spanish: ortografía (es) f
Swahili: tahajia, otografia
Swedish: rättstavning (sv) c, ortografi (sv) c
Tagalog: palabaybayan
Tajik: имло (imlo)
Thai: อักขรวิธี (th) (àk-kà-rà-wí-tii)
Turkish: ortografi, yazım (tr), imla (tr)
Ukrainian: право́пис (uk) m (pravópys), орфогра́фія (uk) f (orfohráfija)
Urdu: املا‎ (ur) (imlā)
Uyghur: ئىملا‎ (imla), ئورفوگرافىيە‎ (orfografiye)
Uzbek: orfografiya (uz), imlo (uz)
Vietnamese: chính tả (vi), phép chính tả
Yiddish: אָרטאָגראַפֿיע‎ f (ortografye)

aspect of language study

Armenian: ուղղագրություն (hy) (ułłagrutʿyun)
Catalan: ortografia (ca) f
Cebuano: ortograpiya
Chinese:
Mandarin: please add this translation if you can
Danish: ortografi c, retskrivning c
Dutch: spelling (nl) f
Finnish: ortografia (fi), oikeinkirjoitusoppi
French: orthographe (fr) f
Galician: ortografía (gl) f
Georgian: მართლწერა (martlc̣era), ორთოგრაფია (ka) (ortograpia)
Greek: ορθογραφία (el) f (orthografía)
Irish: ortagrafaíocht f
Latvian: ortogrāfija f, pareizrakstība f

Macedonian: правопис m (pravopis), ортографија f (ortografija)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: ortografi (no) m, rettskriving (no) m or f, rettskrivning m or f

Nynorsk: ortografi m, rettskriving f
Polish: ortografia (pl) f
Portuguese: ortografia (pt) f
Russian: орфогра́фия (ru) f (orfográfija), правописа́ние (ru) n (pravopisánije), спе́ллинг m (spɛ́lling) (of English)
Scottish Gaelic: litreachadh m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: пра̏вопӣ m, ортогра̀фија f

Roman: prȁvopīs (sh) m, ortogràfija (sh) f
Spanish: ortografía (es) f
Swedish: ortografi (sv) c

method of representing a language by written symbols

Albanian: drejtshkrim (sq) m
Armenian: ուղղագրություն (hy) (ułłagrutʿyun)
Burmese: ရေးထုံး (my) (re:htum:), စာလုံးပေါင်း (my) (calum:paung:), အသတ် (my) (a.sat)
Catalan: ortografia (ca) f
Cebuano: ortograpiya
Chinese:
Mandarin: 正写法 (zhèngxiěfǎ)
Danish: ortografi c, retskrivning c
Dutch: spelling (nl) f
Finnish: oikeinkirjoitus (fi), oikeinkirjoitusjärjestelmä
French: orthographe (fr) f
Galician: ortografía (gl) f
Georgian: ორთოგრაფია (ka) (ortograpia), მართლწერა (martlc̣era)

Irish: ortagrafaíocht f
Latvian: ortogrāfija
Macedonian: правопис m (právopis), ортографија f (ortográfija)
Polish: ortografia (pl) f
Portuguese: ortografia (pt) f
Russian: орфогра́фия (ru) f (orfográfija)
Scottish Gaelic: litreachadh m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: пра̏вопӣ m, ортогра̀фија f

Roman: prȁvopīs (sh) m, ortogràfija (sh) f
Spanish: ortografía (es) f
Thai: อักขรวิธี (th) (àk-kà-rà-wí-tii)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

Esperanto: ^{(please verify)} ortografio

Interlingua: ^{(please verify)} orthographia (ia)

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