misero

See also: mísero

Italian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmi.ze.ro/, [ˈmiːz̪er̺o]
  • Stress: mìsero
  • Hyphenation: mi‧se‧ro

Etymology 1

From Latin miserum, accusative form of miser, of uncertain origin. Possibly a borrowing.

Adjective

misero (feminine singular misera, masculine plural miseri, feminine plural misere)

  1. bleak, miserable, unhappy, wretched
    • 1472, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Inferno, Le Monnier (1994), Canto XVII, p. 257-258 vv. 109-110:
      né quando Icaro misero le reni ¶ sentì spennar per la scaldata cera, [...]
      nor when the wretched Icarus his flanks ¶ felt stripped of feathers by the melting wax, [...]
    • 1802, Ugo Foscolo, “A Luigia Pallavicini caduta da cavallo” (Scelte opere di Ugo Foscolo, Poligrafica Fiesolana, Firenze (1835), p. 22), vv. 76-78:
      Scuote l’arcion, te misera ¶ su la pietrosa riva ¶ strascinando mal viva
      It shakes the saddle, dragging ¶ you on the rocky shore, ¶ miserable and barely alive
    Synonyms: disgraziato, infelice, miserabile
    Antonyms: beato, felice, fortunato
    1. (by extension, of a person) destitute, indigent, poor
      Synonyms: bisognoso, indigente, povero
      Antonyms: abbiente, agiato, benestante
    2. (by extension, of a place) poor, underdeveloped
      Synonyms: depresso, povero, sottosviluppato
      Antonyms: fiorente, prospero, ricco
  2. inadequate, insufficient, meager
    Un misero salario.
    A meager salary.
    Synonyms: insufficiente, irrisorio, magro, scarso
    Antonyms: abbondante, cospicuo, lauto
  3. contemptible, despicable, miserable, sleazy
    • 1472, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Inferno, Le Monnier (1994), Canto III, p. 37-38 vv. 34-36:
      Ed elli a me: «Questo misero modo ¶ tegnon l'anime triste di coloro ¶ che visser sanza 'nfamia e sanza lodo. [...]»
      And he to me: «This miserable mode ¶ maintain the melancholy souls of those ¶ who lived withouten infamy or praise. [...]»
    Synonyms: abietto, ignobile, meschino, spregevole
    Antonym: nobile
  4. (archaic) avaricious, covetous, stingy, ungenerous
    • 1353, Giovanni Boccaccio, Decamerone, Tommaso Hedlin (1527), page 250:
      [...] non ad ammaſſare denari, come i miſeri fanno, ma ad iſpender gli ammaſſati [...]
      [...] not to amass money, like the avaricious do, but to spend that collected [...]
    • 1532, Niccolò Machiavelli, Il Principe (1537), page 29:
      [...] miſero chiamiamo quello che troppo ſi aſtiene dallo vſar il ſuo.
      it's called stingy he who excessively withholds his own [money].
    Synonyms: avaro, taccagno, tirchio
    Antonyms: generoso, munifico, prodigo
Derived terms

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

misero

  1. third-person plural past historic indicative of mettere

Latin

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈmi.se.roː/, [ˈmɪ.sɛ.roː]

Adjective

miserō

  1. dative masculine singular of miser
  2. dative neuter singular of miser
  3. ablative masculine singular of miser
  4. ablative neuter singular of miser

Verb

mīserō

  1. first-person singular future perfect active indicative of mittō

Verb

miserō (present infinitive miserāre, perfect active miserāvī, supine miserātum); first conjugation

  1. Alternative form of miseror

Inflection

   Conjugation of misero (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present miserō miserās miserat miserāmus miserātis miserant
imperfect miserābam miserābās miserābat miserābāmus miserābātis miserābant
future miserābō miserābis miserābit miserābimus miserābitis miserābunt
perfect miserāvī miserāvistī miserāvit miserāvimus miserāvistis miserāvērunt, miserāvēre
pluperfect miserāveram miserāverās miserāverat miserāverāmus miserāverātis miserāverant
future perfect miserāverō miserāveris miserāverit miserāverimus miserāveritis miserāverint
passive present miseror miserāris, miserāre miserātur miserāmur miserāminī miserantur
imperfect miserābar miserābāris, miserābāre miserābātur miserābāmur miserābāminī miserābantur
future miserābor miserāberis, miserābere miserābitur miserābimur miserābiminī miserābuntur
perfect miserātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect miserātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect miserātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present miserem miserēs miseret miserēmus miserētis miserent
imperfect miserārem miserārēs miserāret miserārēmus miserārētis miserārent
perfect miserāverim miserāverīs miserāverit miserāverimus miserāveritis miserāverint
pluperfect miserāvissem miserāvissēs miserāvisset miserāvissēmus miserāvissētis miserāvissent
passive present miserer miserēris, miserēre miserētur miserēmur miserēminī miserentur
imperfect miserārer miserārēris, miserārēre miserārētur miserārēmur miserārēminī miserārentur
perfect miserātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect miserātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present miserā miserāte
future miserātō miserātō miserātōte miserantō
passive present miserāre miserāminī
future miserātor miserātor miserantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives miserāre miserāvisse miserātūrus esse miserārī miserātus esse miserātum īrī
participles miserāns miserātūrus miserātus miserandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
nominative genitive dative/ablative accusative accusative ablative
miserāre miserandī miserandō miserandum miserātum miserātū

References

  • misero in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • misero in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
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