kleen

Central Franconian

Alternative forms
  • klään (eastern Moselle Franconian, except Westerwald)
  • klein (Kölsch; Westerwald)

Etymology

From Old High German kleini, from Proto-Germanic *klainiz.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kleːn/

Adjective

kleen (masculine kleene, feminine kleen, comparative kleener, superlative et' kleenste)

  1. (Ripuarian, western Moselle Franconian) little; small
    Mer hann ene kleene Jaade hengerm Huus.
    We have a small garden behind our house.

Usage notes
  • Even in dialects that do not have a general n-deletion rule, kleen does commonly lose the final -n in the neuter nominative and accusative before consonants other than h—by analogy with the structure words een (“one”) and keen (“no”). Thus, for example, in Ripuarian: e klee bessje (“a little bit”).

Low German

Etymology

From Middle Low German kleine, from Old Saxon klēni, from Proto-Germanic *klainiz. Cognate to German and Dutch klein, English clean.

Adjective

kleen (comparative klener, superlative kleenst)

  1. small

Declension

The following declension only represents one of many possible dialectal grammars.

Positive forms of kleen
gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter all genders
predicative he is kleen se is kleen dat is kleen se sünd kleen
partitive een Kleens een Kleens wat Kleens allens Kleen
strong declension
(without article)		 nominative klene klene kleen klene
oblique klenen klene kleen klene
weak declension
(with definite article)		 nominative de klene de klene dat klene de klenen
oblique den klenen de klene dat klene de klenen
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		 nominative en klene en klene en kleen/klenet (keen) klenen
oblique en klenen en klene en kleen/klenet (keen) klenen
Comparative forms of kleen
gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter all genders
predicative he is klener se is klener dat is klener se sünd klener
partitive een kleners een kleners wat kleners allens klener
strong declension
(without article)		 nominative klenere klenere klener klenere
oblique klenern klenere klener klenere
weak declension
(with definite article)		 nominative de klenere de klenere dat klenere de klenern
oblique den klenern de klenere dat klenere de klenern
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		 nominative en klenere en klenere en klener (keen) klenern
oblique en klenern en klenere en klener (keen) klenern
Superlative forms of kleen
gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter all genders
predicative he is de Kleenste se is de Kleenste dat is dat Kleenste se sünd de Kleensten
strong declension
(without article)		 nominative kleenste kleenste kleenst kleenste
oblique kleensten kleenste kleenst kleenste
weak declension
(with definite article)		 nominative de kleenste de kleenste dat kleenste de kleensten
oblique den kleensten de kleenste dat kleenste de kleensten
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		 nominative en kleenste en kleenste en kleenst (keen) kleensten
oblique en kleensten en kleenste en kleenst (keen) kleensten
Note: This declension is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects.

Synonyms
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