incur

• encur

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman encurir, Middle French encourir, from Old French encorre, from Latin incurrere.

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ɪnˈkəː/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ɪnˈkɝ/

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• Rhymes: -ɜː(r)

incur (third-person singular simple present incurs, present participle incurring, simple past and past participle incurred)

1. (transitive) to bring upon oneself or expose oneself to, especially something inconvenient, harmful, or onerous; to become liable or subject to
   • 1891, Henry Graham Dakyns (translator), The works of Xenophon, "The Hellenica", Book 5, Chapter 3,

     [T]he master in his wrath may easily incur worse evil himself than he inflicts—[...]

   • 1910, Nicholas Machiavelli, translated by Ninian Hill Thomson, The Prince, Chapter XIX,

     And here it is to be noted that hatred is incurred as well on account of good actions as of bad;

   1. (chiefly law, accounting) to render somebody liable or subject to
      • 1861, Francis Colburn Adams, An Outcast, Chapter VII,

        The least neglect of duty will incur[...] the penalty of thirty-nine well laid on in the morning.

      • Chapman

        Lest you incur me much more damage in my fame than you have done me pleasure in preserving my life.

2. (obsolete, transitive) to enter or pass into
3. (obsolete, intransitive) to fall within a period or scope; to occur; to run into danger

• (to bring down or expose oneself to): encounter, contract (debts, etc.)
• (to render liable or subject to): occasion

• incursion
• incursive

• Runic, runic