elama
See also: elämä
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *elädäk. Cognates include Finnish elää and Hungarian él.
Conjugation
Inflection of elama (ÕS type 27/elama, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | elan | ei ela | 1st sing. | olen elanud | ei ole elanud pole elanud |
| 2nd sing. | elad | 2nd sing. | oled elanud | ||
| 3rd sing. | elab | 3rd sing. | on elanud | ||
| 1st plur. | elame | 1st plur. | oleme elanud | ||
| 2nd plur. | elate | 2nd plur. | olete elanud | ||
| 3rd plur. | elavad | 3rd plur. | on elanud | ||
| passive | elatakse | ei elata | passive | on elatud | ei ole elatud pole elatud |
| past | pluperfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | elasin | ei elanud | 1st sing. | olin elanud | ei olnud elanud polnud elanud |
| 2nd sing. | elasid | 2nd sing. | olid elanud | ||
| 3rd sing. | elas | 3rd sing. | oli elanud | ||
| 1st plur. | elasime | 1st plur. | olime elanud | ||
| 2nd plur. | elasite | 2nd plur. | olite elanud | ||
| 3rd plur. | elasid | 3rd plur. | oli elanud | ||
| passive | elati | ei elatud | passive | oli elatud | ei olnud elatud polnud elatud |
| conditional | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | elaksin | ei elaks | 1st sing. | oleksin elanud | ei oleks elanud poleks elanud |
| 2nd sing. | elaksid | 2nd sing. | oleksid elanud | ||
| 3rd sing. | elaks | 3rd sing. | oleks elanud | ||
| 1st plur. | elaksime | 1st plur. | oleksime elanud | ||
| 2nd plur. | elaksite | 2nd plur. | oleksite elanud | ||
| 3rd plur. | elaksid | 3rd plur. | oleksid elanud | ||
| passive | elataks | ei elataks | passive | oleks elatud | ei oleks elatud poleks elatud |
| imperative | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — |
| 2nd sing. | ela | ära ela | 2nd sing. | — | — |
| 3rd sing. | elagu | ärgu elagu | 3rd sing. | olgu elanud | ärgu olgu elanud |
| 1st plur. | elagem | ärgem elagem | 1st plur. | — | — |
| 2nd plur. | elage | ärge elage | 2nd plur. | — | — |
| 3rd plur. | elagu | ärgu elagu | 3rd plur. | olgu elanud | ärgu olgu elanud |
| passive | elatagu | ärgu elatagu | passive | olgu elatud | ärgu olgu elatud |
| quotative | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| active | elavat | ei elavat | active | olevat elanud | ei olevat elanud polevat elanud |
| passive | elatavat | ei elatavat | passive | olevat elatud | ei olevat elatud polevat elatud |
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ma-infinitive | da-infinitive | ||||||||
| active | passive | da-form | elada | ||||||
| nominative | elama | elatama | des-form | elades | |||||
| inessive | elamas | — | participle | ||||||
| elative | elamast | — | active | passive | |||||
| translative | elamaks | — | present | elav | elatav | ||||
| abessive | elamata | — | past | elanud | elatud | ||||
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