croesi

See also: Croesi and Crœsi

Welsh

Etymology

From croes (“cross”) +‎ -i.

Pronunciation

Verb

croesi (first-person singular present croesaf) (transitive, intransitive)

  1. to cross
    1. to traverse; to go or cut across; to make or place crosswise; to make like a cross; to mark with a cross
    2. to cross out, erase, cancel
  2. to make the sign of the cross, mark or sign with a cross; to bless; to defend, protect
  3. to crucify
  4. to oppose, withstand, encounter; to contradict; to offend
  5. to cross-breed; to cross-fertilize; to cross-pollinate

Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future croesiaf croesi croesia croesiwn croesiwch croesiant croesir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional croesiwn croesit croesiai croesiem croesiech croesient croesid
preterite croesiais croesiaist croesiodd croesiasom croesiasoch croesiasant croesiwyd
pluperfect croesiaswn croesiasit croesiasai croesiasem croesiasech croesiasent croesiasid, croesiesid
present subjunctive croesiwyf croesiech croesio croesiom croesioch croesiont croesier
imperative — croesia croesied croesiwn croesiwch croesient croesier
verbal noun croesi
verbal adjectives croesiedig
croesiadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future croesa i, croesaf i croesi di croesith o/e/hi, croesiff e/hi croeswn ni croeswch chi croesan nhw
conditional croeswn i, croesswn i croeset ti, croesset ti croesai fo/fe/hi, croessai fo/fe/hi croesen ni, croessen ni croesech chi, croessech chi croesen nhw, croessen nhw
preterite croesais i, croeses i croesaist ti, croesest ti croesodd o/e/hi croeson ni croesoch chi croeson nhw
imperative — croesa — — croeswch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms
  • croesiad m (“crossing; crucifixion; crossing with the sign of the cross; adverse circumstance; cross-breeding”)

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
croesi groesi nghroesi chroesi
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • Angharad Fychan and Ann Parry Owen, editors (2014), “croesi”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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