akls

Latvian

Akls

Etymology

From the same stem (Proto-Baltic *ak-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (eye, to see)) as the earlier verb akt (cf. Lithuanian àkti (to have eyes, to begin to see); for some young animal offspring, also “to stop seeing”), from which it is an adjectival form with an extra l. Note the apparently strange polysemy “begin to see” vs. “stop seeing” in the Lithuanian cognate, probably already present in Proto-Baltic; the semantic connection is probably “having eyes” > “having something on one's eyes” > “having eye problems” > “becoming blind.” Cognates include Lithuanian ãklas.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [akls]
(file)

Adjective

akls (aklais comparative, aklāks superlative, visaklākais adverb, akli)

  1. blind (permanently (or temporarily) incapable of seeing)
    akls cilvēksblind person
    akls no dzimšanasblind from birth
    kaķēns piedzimst aklsa kitten born blind
    kļūt aklamto become blind
    palīdzēt aklajamto help a blind (person)
    pārvest aklo pāri ielaito take a blind (person) across the street
    aklais plankumsthe blind spot (light-insensitive spot in the eye)
    akls aklam ceļu rāda, abi iekrīt grāvī(if) a blind (person) shows the way to (another) blind (person), both fall into a ditch
    pēkšņa pāreja spilgtā gaismā padara acis aklasthe sudden transition to bright light makes the eyes blind
  2. (figuratively) blind (unthinking, unchecked, not subject to conscious assessment, control)
    akla paklausībablind obedience
    akla tīcībablind faith, belief
    akla mīlestībablind love
    akls naidsblind hatred
    aklas dusmasblind rage
    Annele turējās visiem spēkiem pretī tumšām, aklām bailēmAnnele kept all (her) forces against the dark, blind fear
  3. blind (accidental, unexpected)
    akla laimeblind luck
    aklas lodesblind bullets (i.e., randomly shot)
  4. blind (very dark, impossible to see through; without light)
    akla naktsblind (= dark) night
    akls logsblind (= unlit) window
    visapkārt akla tumsa, un dzirdamas tikai vēja gaudas un jūras krākšanaall around (only) blind darkness, and one could hear only the lamentation of the wind and the roaring of the sea
  5. blind (without an exit, without a passage, only one-way)
    akla ielablind street, alley
    akla sienablind wall (= without windows)
    akls logsblind window (= the contour of a window on a wall without the actual window)
    akla brūceblind wound (= internal wound, without an opening to the exterior of the body)
    aklā zarnacaecum (lit. blind intestine)
  6. blind (done without looking; done only via instruments)
    akalis lidojumsblind flight
    aklā lidmašīnas nolaišanāsblind airplane landing
    aklā metode mašīnrakstīšanāthe blind method in typing (i.e., without looking at the keyboard)

Declension

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

References

  1. Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), akls”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

Samogitian

Adjective

akls

  1. blind
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