San

See also: Appendix:Variations of "san"

English

Etymology 1

As a synonym of Bushmen introduced in modern ethnology from the 1960s, from Nama saan (singular saa), via back-formation from Khoisan. Occasional citation as the Nama term for "Bushmen" from the 1880s.[1]

Proper noun

San (uncountable) (plurale tantum)

  1. Any of the foraging non-Bantu ethnic groups of southwestern Africa.

Alternative forms

Synonyms

Usage notes

  • San is the plural form, used for the group collectively. Individuals are referred to as "a San man", "a San woman" etc., although when referring to individuals, reference to their specific nation is preferable (as in, "a ǃKung man" etc.).
  • San became popular in 1970s western anthropology as a politically correct replacement for "Bushmen", which was perceived as outdated. However, it turned out that San was a derogatory term for "foragers" used by the pastoralist Khoikhoi, while "Bushman" carried no derogatory connotations, so that experts who had been in actual contact with the group recommended the continued use of "Bushmen" (Henry Harpending). By the 2000s, it was reported that San had mostly lost its derogatory connotations in South Africa and was partly embraced as self-designation, while it continued to be perceived as an insult in parts of the central Kalahari in Namibia.[2]

Etymology 2

Proper noun

San

  1. A river in southeastern Poland and western Ukraine.
Translations

References

  1. Theophilus Hahn (1881) Tsuni-ǁGoam: The Supreme Being to the Khoi-Khoi, page 3:
    The old Dutch also did not know that their so-called Hottentots formed only one branch of a wide-spread race, of which the other branch divided into ever so many tribes, differing from each other totally in language [] While the so-called Hottentots called themselves Khoikhoi (men of men, i.e. men par excellence), they called those other tribes , the Sonqua of the Cape Records [] We should apply the term Hottentot to the whole race, and call the two families, each by the native name, that is the one, the Khoikhoi, the so-calle Hottentot proper; the other the Sān () or Bushmen.
  2. Richard B. Lee (2012) The Dobe Ju/'Hoansi, 4th edition, Cengage Learning, page 9

Anagrams


Asturian

Noun

San m

  1. Saint (title given to a saint)

Catalan

Noun

San m

  1. Saint (title given to a saint)

Irish

Etymology

From French saint, from Latin sanctus (holy).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [sˠanˠ]

Noun

San (indeclinable)

  1. (Christianity) Saint (title)
    Synonym: Naomh
    San DoiminicSt. Dominic
    San CaitríonaSt. Catherine
    San NioclásSt. Nicholas, Santa Claus

Further reading


Italian

Noun

San m or f

  1. A form of Santo or Santa

Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /san/
  • (file)

Proper noun

San m

  1. San (river)

Declension

See also


Spanish

Etymology

Shortened from santo.

Adjective

San

  1. Saint (title)

Turkish

Proper noun

San

  1. A male given name
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