< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čara
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *kʷēr-eh₂, from *kʷer-. Cognate with Proto-Celtic *kʷaryos (“cauldron”), Proto-Germanic *hweraz (“kettle”), Sanskrit चरु (carú, “kettle, pot”).
Declension
Declension of *čara (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *čara | *čarě | *čary |
| Accusative | *čarǫ | *čarě | *čary |
| Genitive | *čary | *čaru | *čarъ |
| Locative | *čarě | *čaru | *čarasъ, *čaraxъ* |
| Dative | *čarě | *čarama | *čaramъ |
| Instrumental | *čarojǫ, *čarǫ** | *čarama | *čarami |
| Vocative | *čaro | *čarě | *čary |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
Further reading
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čara I”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 04, Moscow: Nauka, page 21-22
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “ча́ра”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
Etymology 2
Inflection
Declension of *čara (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *čara | *čarě | *čary |
| Accusative | *čarǫ | *čarě | *čary |
| Genitive | *čary | *čaru | *čarъ |
| Locative | *čarě | *čaru | *čarasъ, *čaraxъ* |
| Dative | *čarě | *čarama | *čaramъ |
| Instrumental | *čarojǫ, *čarǫ** | *čarama | *čarami |
| Vocative | *čaro | *čarě | *čary |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: чара (čara)
- South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian: čara
- Slovene: čára (tonal orthography) (obsolete)
- West Slavic:
- Slovincian: čařå
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*čara”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 78: “f. ā ‘magic, sorcery’”
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