< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zьrěti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

Cognate with Lithuanian žėrė́ti (“to shine, to sparkle”), 1sg. žẽriu, žėrúoti (“to glow, sparkle”), possibly also žiūrė́ti (“to look”).

Verb

*zьrěti impf

  1. to see, to look at
Inflection
Conjugation of *zьrěti (impf., -ě/i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ěti
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*zьrěnьje *zьrěti *zьrětъ *zьrělъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *zьrěnъ *zьrimъ
Active *zьrěvъ *zьrę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *zьrěxъ*zьrě*zьrě *zьřǫ*zьriši*zьritь
Dual *zьrěxově*zьrěsta*zьrěste *zьrivě*zьrita*zьrite
Plural *zьrěxomъ*zьrěste*zьrěšę *zьrimъ*zьrite*zьrętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *zьrěaxъ*zьrěaše*zьrěaše —*zьri*zьri
Dual *zьrěaxově*zьrěašeta*zьrěašete *zьrivě*zьrita—
Plural *zьrěaxomъ*zьrěašete*zьrěaxǫ *zьrimъ*zьrite—
  • *zarjà, *zorjà (“dawn, aurora”)
  • *zȏrkъ (“sunbeam, glance, appearance”)

Descendants
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: зьрѣти (zĭrěti), 1sg. зьрѭ (zĭrjǫ)
      Glagolitic: [Term?]
    • Bulgarian: зра (zra)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic: зре̏ти (obsolete), 1sg. зре̑м
      Latin: zrȅti (obsolete), 1sg. zrȇm
    • Slovene: zrẹ́ti (tonal orthography), 1sg. zrȅm (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: zřít (literary), 1sg. zřím
    • Old Polish: źrzeć, 1sg. źrzę
    • Slovak: zrieť (obsolete or poetic)
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: zrjeć (obsolete)

References
  • Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 552
  • Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “зреть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
  • Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “зреть”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 330

Etymology 2

Cognate with Sanskrit जरति (járati), जीर्यति (jī́ryati, “to become decrepit or rotten, to age”), जरन्त् (járant, “old”), Ancient Greek γραῦς (graûs, “old woman”), γέρων (gérōn, “old man, old”), γῆρας (gêras, “old age”), Old Armenian ծեր (cer, “old man, old”), Old Norse karl (“man, old man”), English churl.

Verb

*zьrěti impf

  1. to ripen
Inflection
Conjugation of *zьrěti (impf., intr., -ě-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ěti
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*zьrěnьje *zьrěti *zьrětъ *zьrělъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive — —
Active *zьrěvъ *zьrěję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *zьrěxъ*zьrě*zьrě *zьrějǫ*zьrěješi*zьrějetь
Dual *zьrěxově*zьrěsta*zьrěste *zьrějevě*zьrějeta*zьrějete
Plural *zьrěxomъ*zьrěste*zьrěšę *zьrějemъ*zьrějete*zьrějǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *zьrěaxъ*zьrěaše*zьrěaše —*zьrěji*zьrěji
Dual *zьrěaxově*zьrěašeta*zьrěašete *zьrějivě*zьrějita—
Plural *zьrěaxomъ*zьrěašete*zьrěaxǫ *zьrějimъ*zьrějite—
  • *zorìti (“to cause to ripen”)
  • *zь̀rno (“grain”)
Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: зьрѣлыи (zĭrělyi, “ripe”), съзьрѣти (sŭzĭrěti)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: зьрѣти (zĭrěti)
      Cyrillic: зьрѣлъ (zĭrělŭ, “ripe”)
      Glagolitic: [Term?]
    • Bulgarian: зре́я (zréja)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic: зре̏ти, 1sg. зри̑м
      Latin: zrȅti, 1sg. zrȋm
    • Slovene: zrẹ́ti (tonal orthography), 1sg. zrẹ̑jem, zrẹ̑m (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: zrát, 1sg. zraji, zrám
    • Old Polish: źrzeć, 1sg. źrzeję
    • Slovak: zreť, zrieť
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: zrać
      • Lower Sorbian: zdrjaś

References
  • Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 552
  • Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “зреть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
  • Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “зреть”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 330
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