Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/męsti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ment-, from Proto-Indo-European *menth₂- (given as *mentH- in Derksen). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian mę̃sti (“to mix”) (3sg. meñčia). Other Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit मन्थति (mánthati, “to whirl, to rub”) (also मथ्नाति (mathnā́ti), मथति (máthati)), मन्थयति (manthayati, “to shake, to stir”) (also मथयति (mathayati)), Tocharian A mäntācär (“you are injured”, 2pl.), Tocharian B mintanaṃ (“to mix (clay with water)”). Per Vasmer, also cognate with Latin mamphur (“part of a lathe”) (an apparent borrowing from unattested Oscan *manfar), Vulgar Latin *mandar (the unattested ancestor of French mandrin (“mandrel”), which has added the Latin ending -īnus), Old Norse mǫndull (“handmill lever”); but all of these require a Proto-Indo-European root *mendʰ-.
Inflection
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *mętenьje | *męsti | *męstъ | *mętlъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *mętenъ | *mętomъ |
| Active | *mętъ | *męty |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *męt(ox)ъ | *męte | *męte | *mętǫ | *męteši | *mętetь |
| Dual | *męt(ox)ově | *męt(e/os)ta | *męt(e/os)te | *mętevě | *męteta | *mętete |
| Plural | *męt(ox)omъ | *męt(e/os)te | *mętǫ, *mętošę | *mętemъ | *mętete | *mętǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *mętěaxъ | *mętěaše | *mętěaše | — | *męti | *męti |
| Dual | *mętěaxově | *mętěašeta | *mętěašete | *mętěvě | *mętěta | — |
| Plural | *mętěaxomъ | *mętěašete | *mętěaxǫ | *mętěmъ | *mętěte | — |
Related terms
- *mǫtiti (“to stir, to trouble”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: мꙗсти (mjasti)
- Russian: мясти́ (mjastí) (obsolete)
- Old East Slavic: мꙗсти (mjasti)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: miesti
- Czech: mást
- Slovak: miasť
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: mjasć
- Lower Sorbian: měsć (archaic)
- Old Czech: miesti
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “мяту́”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*menth₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 438–439
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1992), “*męsti”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 19, Moscow: Nauka, page 12
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*męstì”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 315: “v. ‘stir, trouble’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “męsti: mętǫ mętetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c blande, forvirre (PR 139)”